在我国建立宪法法院的必要性与可行性之分析

在我国建立什么样的违宪审查机制一直是理论界争议的难题,这直接关系着我国违宪审查体制的建构,本文从建立宪法法院的必要性和可行性两个方面论证了宪法法院的建构的益处以及宪法法院的建构与我国现行人民代表大会运行机制并无冲突。     

国内近年来对府际关系研究综述

府际关系是一国政府行政体系内的不同层级之间、不同部门之间、不同地区之间以及部门与地区之间的关系,从主体的角度看,简言之就是块块关系、条条关系和条块关系。随着改革开放的发展,国内政府间的关系发生了很大的变化,府际关系的研究成为重要课题。     

论地方专属立法权

确定地方的专属立法权具有一定的理论意义,而且能够发挥保护或限制地方立法权、发扬地方立法积极性的重要作用。具体确立上,应采取事务"影响范围"和"重要程度"相结合的标准,并以"地方性事务"为起点,界定"地方性事务"的可能范围。     

对我国地方立法中职务犯罪预防措施的评价——以《联合国反腐败公约》为视角

《联合国反腐败公约》在强调打击腐败犯罪的同时,更强调对腐败犯罪实施综合预防战略。《公约》设立专章,对预防腐败措施作了系统的规定。目前,我国尚无预防腐败措施方面的中央级专门立法,但是,许多省、自治区、直辖市和较大市都进行了预防职务犯罪的地方立法。以《公约》为参照,借鉴国际经验,检视我国地方立法中职务犯罪预防措施,有利于促进我国预防腐败的制度建设和工作机制的进一步完善。     

Towards more digital cities? Change in technology use and perceptions across small and medium-sized US cities

ABSTRACT

There is continuous pressure on public managers to adopt information and communication technologies (ICTs) to transform the way cities work. E-government research provides insights on the institutional, organisational, and individual factors that shape technology adoption and use. Yet most studies on small and medium sized cities use cross-sectional data or rely on small samples. We lack a systematic understanding of how technology use in smaller cities has changed over time and where these cities are lagging. Drawing from a multi-year, multi-method national study of city government technology use, we describe advancements and gaps in the enactment of a range of technologies, from social media to open data portals, and explore variation across city population, department type, and manager age. Our findings show that smaller cities still lag in the adoption of key features while local government managers are more inclined to adopt and positively perceive social media than traditional ICTs.     

Indispensable,yet Invisible: Drinking water management as a local political issue in Swedish municipalities

ABSTRACT

Local policy-makers’ incentives to address an issue is conditioned by how they perceive public attention. Our study focuses on drinking water management at the municipal level in Sweden. Provisioning and management of drinking water is a responsibility of the local governments. Interviews with local politicians and public administrators in seven municipalities reveal that local policy-makers think that citizens view provisioning of drinking water as a taken for granted service, and also lack knowledge of and interest in drinking water issues. Public attention is further seen as a double-edged sword since engagement in water issues often is a result of problems with water provision. The findings are discussed from a theoretical perspective of the role of agenda-setting in public policy. It is argued that the view of policy-makers of citizens as unengaged negatively affects the incentives to bring drinking water to a prominent place on the local policy agenda.     

Technological Innovation and Its Impact on Public Sector Efficiency and Performance: Aerial Imagery in Property Tax Assessment Administration

ABSTRACT

Technological innovations can help public organizations deliver higher quality public goods and services at lower average costs. While a considerable literature exploring the determinants of technology adoption and diffusion exists, much less is known on whether technology innovations improve public sector outputs. This study investigates the impact of high-resolution, oblique aerial imagery, an increasingly common technology used by local governments in the US, on the inspection efficiency and quality of property assessment administration. Aerial imagery is often argued to be a low-cost substitute to in-person inspections of property. Drawing on data from 2013 through 2017 for property assessing districts in Texas, aerial imagery use is found to improve the rate at which properties are inspected as well as improve the quality of assessments. The results further provide evidence that investments in aerial imagery are best justified on budgetary grounds rather than as a means to improve organizational performance.     

Local leaders and the distribution of central government funds: Evidence from 18 European democracies

This article looks at the relationship between the political affiliation of local leaders and the distribution of government funds with the help of a new dataset on local elections from 18 European countries between 2000 and 2013. It finds that central governments are more likely to target regions with high density of local councils affiliated with the parties in government only under certain institutional arrangements. The relationship exists where local councils enjoy little power and thus are less able to claim credit for the funds independent of the central government. The relationship is also present where local leaders are involved in the selection of candidates for national office.     

论设区的市地方立法空间的释放

目前,设区的市地方立法在事项范围及对行政行为设定权方面,都存在空间过于狭小的问题,已造成地方治理所需法律规范供给不足、立法特色难以体现、抄袭上位法现象严重、细化成为多余等现实困境。必须从解决地方治理对法治规范需要和充分发挥地方立法积极性等初衷出发,努力释放设区的市地方立法空间。对立法事项的范围要全面扩展;对行政行为设定的立法空间要采取分类设置,通过一事一授权和精准授权方式实现地方立法空间的释放。要通过修改《立法法》等相关法律释放地方立法空间。同时,对立法权空间释放后的各种担心,要从理论上作出分析和解释,以扫清赋权中的理论障碍。     

中央与地方关系理论研究的五个视角

本文对20世纪中后期以来国内外主要学者在中央与地方关系的理论研究进行系统的分类,将其归纳为中央与地方关系理论研究的五个视角。