Victims of Sexual Violence in the Canadian Criminal Courts

The literature on victims of sexual violence in the criminal justice system has overwhelmingly pointed to the negative impact of these encounters. This research project sought to explore various aspects that might contribute to harm by conducting in-depth qualitative interviews and collecting limited quantitative data on 31 victims who had encountered various processes in the justice system. Results indicated a wide range of experiences, indicating that no interactions within the system were universally harmful or helpful. Victim experience was shaped by the attitudes and behaviors of specific people within the system demonstrating the importance each individual plays in their official capacity. In the final analysis however, victim satisfaction with the jail term was key to understanding experiences of harm.     

FAMILIES,COURTS, AND THE END OF LIFE: SCHIAVO AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FAMILY JUSTICE SYSTEM

The article discusses a proposed universal adoption of comprehensive family law subject matter jurisdiction, inclusive of end‐of‐life (EOL) cases, as articulated in the unified family court (UFC) concept. It posits, using the Schiavo matter to illustrate the difficulties inherent in EOL disputes, that contested EOL cases are unlike other civil court cases in that they involve intimate facts and emotionally laden family dynamics. As such, these cases pose a distinctive challenge for the courts. The article suggests that contested EOL cases should be heard in a UFC because UFCs include alternative dispute resolution (ADR) protocols to deescalate family strife with the goal of facilitating out‐of‐court settlements and that litigation is an imperfect solution for an EOL dispute. It is also noted that judges presiding in UFCs are more experienced in handling fractious family matters and thus they are more likely to avert protracted litigation if the matter is not settled via ADR.     

THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND THE NEED FOR ITS INCORPORATION INTO A BILL OF RIGHTS

In this article I discuss the failure of most democratic countries to accept or properly implement the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, despite, except in the case of the United States, having ratified it. I consider the domestic implementation of treaties. I discuss, from an Australian perspective, that country's failure to enact a Bill of Rights and argue that children in Australia have suffered as a result. I also discuss judicial approaches to international law and compare the situation in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand and suggest that even in those countries that do have a Bill of Rights, it is not oriented toward children and therefore does not properly recognize their rights.     

制度竞合：中央与地方关系演进的必然趋势

地方政府通过制度创新激活了当地经济，但中央对这种创新行为回应的滞后甚至默许又造成中央与地方之间的制度罅隙，进而形成地方保护。因此，必须通过分化政府职能、调整权力结构、健全决策过程以及重构绩效评估机制来实现中央与地方的制度竞合。     

Negotiating Natural Resource Conflicts: A Study of State Practices,Peasant Mobilisation and Sub‐National Government in the Peruvian Andes

This article explores the dynamics of natural resource conflicts and local government in the Peruvian Andes. Recent publications have found that efficiency and democratic accountability in local government are key variables for mitigating conflict. By focusing on the ethnographies of two conflicts and as participant observers within local government, we argue that by re‐framing the analytical focus within local histories and current practices of natural resource conflicts, we can better make sense of the dynamics of current land politics. The article presents a sequential framework that explores key moments of the relations between the state and peasant communities during natural resource conflicts. Through this framework, we argue that natural resource conflicts are negotiated in a sphere of politics that transcends the state's institutional and legal limits.     

地方色彩·魔幻色彩·真实画面--评威廉·肯尼迪的代表作《流浪汉》

《流浪汉》是威廉·肯尼迪的代表作,该书于1985年出版,获1984年的普利策奖和全国书评界奖。这部小说拥有极浓厚的地方色彩,带有魔幻色彩的描述,展现了当代美国社会的真实画面。     

完善地方税收法律体系的相关问题

本对完善地方税收法律体系的相关问题进行了讨论，认为：走出思想认识上的误区，是完善地方税收法律体系的前提；理顺中央与地方的财政关系，是完善地方税收法律体系的基础和保障；优化地方税种配置，是完善地方税收法律体系的中心内容；建立统一的、多层级的地方税收规范体系，是当前完善地方税收法律体系的首要任务。     

明代地方学校生员考试制度考述

学校生员学业，可分课、试二法。本从学校教官的日课、月考，府、州、县提调官的季考，提学院道官的岁考、科考、类考或吊考等几个方面，对明代地方学校的考试制度给以综合的考辨与梳理，藉此说明明代建立了一套相当完善的地方教育与考试制度，进而指出自明代个期以后，这套考试制度已逐渐流于形式。     

云南贫困山区农村基层组织建设的调查及思考——以文山壮族苗族自治州富宁县为例

党的基层组织是党的全部工作的基础.本文在深入调研的基础上,分析了富宁县基层组织建设的现状,研究了存在的问题及成因,进而提出了具体的对策.