关于地方政府绩效评估问题的思考

强化地方政府绩效评估有利于提升我国地方政府的施政水平,促进区域生态发展、社会发展和经济发展。本文认为,应认真研究并分析地方政府绩效的内涵、绩效评估的主体选择、绩效评估指标体系、指标分值的权重分配与绩效分级等基本问题,只有这样,才能有效地开展地方政府绩效评估工作。     

浅议中央与地方纠纷之协商解决模式

构建中央与地方纠纷的协商解决模式具有极大的可行性,但是同时又面临着极大的理论和实践阻力。尤为要注意的是,学界将这种协商与政治协商作等同的倾向是存在误区的。同时,在法制化的语境中,在“协商之后的法制化”与“法制框架下的协商”之间也体现出了更多的外在制度区别与内在理念融合并存的特点。     

地方立法监督实证研究：体制与程序

地方立法监督是完善地方立法制度,维护和实现地方立法所要实现的民主、科学、法治等多重价值目标的重要制度设置;其中又以立法监督体制设置和程序设计为关键。我国现有法律法规所确立的地方立法监督制度在体制和程序上都存在着较多的漏洞和不合理因素,妨碍了这一制度应有效能的发挥,因而有必要在宪政体制范围内,从整合地方立法监督体系、明晰监督主体权限、提高监督程序的规范化、可操作性和民主参与等方面,对相关制度予以改革和完善。     

先行先试视野下福建涉台地方立法研究

福建涉台地方立法已经走过了30年的历程,积累了一些很好的经验,对于促进闽台关系发展乃至推动两岸合作都做出了重大贡献,但仍然存在诸多不足,新形势下必须加强福建涉台地方立法。《国务院关于支持福建省加快建设海峡西岸经济区的若干意见》明确赋予福建先行先试权,要求福建“健全涉台法律法规”。今后福建应按照先行先试的要求,充分利用涉台地方立法空间,继续深化、完善经济领域方面的立法,充实、加强社会领域方面的立法,探索、创制文化领域方面的立法,落实、实现政治领域方面的立法,进一步加强闽台两地人员往来方面的立法,适时启动闽台关系综合性立法。     

地方政府有效履行职能的影响因素分析

本文研究主题是探寻影响地方政府有效履行职能的主要因素。本文遵循实证研究途径,具体运用调查研究和统计分析方法展开研究。研究结论认为,在六个影响地方政府有效履行职能的因素中,＂法制（不健全）＂属于强影响因素,影响力最大,＂执法手段（缺失）＂、＂公务员素质（不高）＂和＂财政支持（不到位）＂三个因素的影响力居中,而＂物质条件（差）＂和＂现代技术（意识不足）＂属于弱影响因素。并且,不同区域、不同府级、不同学历和不同职务对六个因素各自影响力的认知也有所差异。     

伪满洲国“地方自治”的虚伪性——以特别市与市制为中心的考察

为了标榜殖民统治的正当性,日本侵略者刻意鼓吹在伪满洲国实行所谓的"地方自治"。在实行的特别市和市制中,设置了"自治委员会"和"咨议会"等议决和咨询机关,为其蒙上了一层"进步"的色彩。然而当我们深入对其进行考察后发现,伪满洲国所设计的"地方自治"充满了虚伪性,它无法掩盖日本侵略者对伪满洲国统治的侵略本质。     

Does local ownership enhance legitimacy and democratic governance in peacebuilding? The case of diasporas

ABSTRACT

In contemporary peacebuilding debates, it is argued that local ownership renders peacebuilding more sustainable, democratic and legitimate. However, these claims have not been seriously interrogated as to their empirical validity. Such evaluations must begin by answering the question, ‘Who is local?’ Different local actors have varying resources, capacities and levels of authority and autonomy. Taking the relatively unexplored case of diasporas, this paper illustrates the absence of a straightforward relationship between ownership and its normative benefits. By assessing the significance of resources like local/ethnic bonds, financial and social remittances, this paper argues that diasporas can undermine the legitimacy of peacebuilding. Furthermore, although diasporas can enhance the prospects for democratic governance, the causal mechanisms can be corrupted.     

Usability and Digital Inclusion: Standards and Guidelines

This article aims at discussing e-government website usability in relation to concerns about digital inclusion. E-government web design should consider all aspects of usability, including those that make it more accessible to all. Traditional concerns of social exclusion are being superseded by fears that lack of digital competence and information literacy may result in dangerous digital exclusion. Usability is considered as a way to address this exclusion and should therefore incorporate inclusion and accessibility guidelines. This article makes an explicit link between usability guidelines and digital inclusion and reports on a survey of local government web presence in Portugal.     

Knowledge Management and Open Innovation in United Kingdom Local Authorities

The article examines the performance of UK local authorities in relation to knowledge management and open innovation. Data were acquired using a mail survey of non-metropolitan local authorities in England and Wales. The results indicate that certain factors influence the effectiveness of the knowledge management process. Authorities engaged in open innovation have developed more effective knowledge management processes. Hence, of instead of implementing a strategy solely based upon cutting services and reducing staffing levels, local authorities seeking to survive in the face of government spending cuts might also consider the benefit from optimizing the effectiveness of their knowledge management processes and participation in open innovation.     

Conflicts of Interest and Governance Mechanisms in Italian Local Public Utilities

Stemming from different theoretical perspectives the article examines the conflicts of interest arising among the actors (citizens, local governments, private shareholders, service providers) that at various levels are involved in local public utilities governance systems. The main results of a multiple case study analysis on 10 Italian listed local public utilities are summarized. Different and coexisting situations of conflicts of interest among multiple principals and agents are identified. In this context, governance mechanisms (e.g., the board of directors) have different roles and functions and may prevent and mitigate such conflicts. However, our findings suggest that the ownership structure influences board composition and functioning and that higher numbers of independent directors do not necessarily mean “actual” board independence. The article contributes to the debate on conflicts of interest and governance mechanisms in local public utilities.