刑法信仰的根基

刑法作为一种规范,不论是立法、司法都深深植根于某种特定的文化和社会制度中。它自身会受到该文化和制度的制约。但是,刑法必须体现人的一定欲求。因为,只有刑法的价值真正体现出对公民作为人的本身的价值关怀,才能得到公民的信仰,刑法自身才具有生命力。于是,我们看到刑法的信仰获得就是这样一个互动过程:刑法是保障和发展公民人权的大宪章,寻找到了公民信仰刑法的根基;同时,公民通过遵守刑法和维护刑法的价值坚定对刑法的信仰。刑法信仰的根基就在于刑法必须植根于人的欲求中,体现出人的欲求,不得违背"常情、常识、常理"。因此,我国现行刑法要想获得信仰至少必须做到:刑法价值真正的转变;刑事解释的公正;刑事普法的观念转变。     

我国首例假文凭案探析

近年来假文凭现象有泛滥成灾之势。它严重影响社会公正 ,扰乱人才竞争的正常秩序 ,具有一定的社会危害性。假文凭现象涉及三方主体 :伪造者、贩卖者和购买者。随着最新司法解释的出现对前二者予以刑罚惩处尚有根据 ,但对后者同样绳之以法 ,其合理性与合法性却值得商榷。本文从刑法、司法解释的规定和案例判决的事实出发 ,站在刑法理论高度对此进行了分析。     

深化对“三个代表”重要思想的认识——学习十六大对“三个代表”重要思想的新阐述

党的十六大报告对"三个代表"重要思想的论述,是在更加广阔的时代背景下和更加全面的基础上,对其进行了许多新的阐述,为我们在十六大的基础上,学习、贯彻"三个代表"重要思想指明了方向.     

奸淫幼女构成犯罪应以明知为前提 --为一个司法解释辩护

在严格责任与罪过责任分立的基础上,奸淫幼女构成犯罪必须以明知为前提,这样才能在保护幼女和保护被告人的合法权益之间求得一种法治视野下的平衡.应当摈弃"应当知道"的传统提法,而把奸淫幼女的明知分为确切知道和推定知道两种.从最高法院关于奸淫幼女问题的司法解释出发,我国现行的刑事司法解释体制及其形式应该逐渐由抽象的司法解释过渡到个案性质的司法解释,再进一步过渡到判例制度.     

Promises and Pitfalls of Veto Player Analysis

Veto player approaches have come to occupy a central role in comparative politics. This article critically reviews the literature, focussing especially on veto player explanations of policy outputs and outcomes. The review highlights three problems empirical veto player studies have to face: 1) identifying the relevant veto players, 2) establishing equivalence between veto players, and 3) specifying (theoretically or empirically) veto players' policy preferences. The article concludes that empirical veto player analyses advance our understanding of political institutions and their effects, but that they should deal more systematically with the three above mentioned problems.     

关于抢劫罪“致人死亡”的三重解释

抢劫致人死亡的,行为人是否可以对死亡后果持故意的心理态度,是中外刑法学界颇有争议的问题。在坚持结果加重犯的加重结果的主观罪过仅限于过失的立场下,通过尝试运用比较解释、体系解释和目的解释这三种方法对相关刑法条文进行不同维度的解释,得出的结论是我国刑法分则中的“致人死亡”一词的一般含义是过失致人死亡,抢劫作为一种侵犯财产犯罪,不应也不能包括故意杀人的行为。因此,最高人民法院关于抢劫杀人案件的司法解释值得商榷。     

行贿犯罪“为谋取不正当利益”要件的刑法解释

经济行贿并不要求以"为谋取不正当利益"为要件。谋取不正当利益具有选择性双重层次的内部结构,这亦符合在罪刑法定的框架内拓展性地解释谋取不正当利益的实践要求。如果行贿人谋取的利益本身并没有违反国家规定,但受贿人在接受行贿人财物后提供了违反法律、法规、国家政策和国务院各部门规章规定的帮助或者方便条件,应当以行贿人对此问题的明知作为充足"为谋取不正当利益"要件的基础。不能因为贿赂过程中的请托事项不明确而排除"感情投资"的行贿犯罪性。     

Balancing experimentalist and hierarchical governance in European Union electricity and telecommunications regulation: A matter of degrees

While the widespread diffusion of experimentalism across sectors and polities is well documented, less is known about the extent of the shift to this non‐hierarchical form of governance, which continues to coexist with traditional hierarchical governance and involves more inclusive rulemaking and revision based on review of alternative implementation experiences. By comparing and process‐tracing electricity and telecommunications regulation in the European Union, we find diversity in experimentalism over time and across two sectors often considered similar. We explain varying degrees of experimentalism with strategic uncertainty and the constellation of preferences, which we label “de facto polyarchy.” Thus, we confirm the emphasis on uncertainty documented in the experimentalist literature, while addressing a conventional critique by also highlighting the relevance of “politics.” Moreover, while corroborating the common spread of experimentalism, we suggest that an analytical framework based on ideal types offers the best route forward to develop comparative analysis of experimentalism and non‐hierarchical forms of governance more broadly.     

保险合同解释中的合理期待原则探析

20世纪70年代,美国的基顿法官对合理期待原则做出了系统的阐释。随着时间的推移,越来越多的法院接受了合理期待原则,并将其作为保护被保险人利益的有力工具。从某种意义上讲,满足被保险人的合理期待作为一种新兴的法益思潮,体现了优先保护被保险人的立法精神,值得我们借鉴。     

Media discourse and pathos: sketching a critical and integrationist approach – Greek and French headlines before the Greek referendum of 2015

This paper examines media discourse and emotions in discourse (pathos) during the week before the Greek Referendum of 2015. Drawing on the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, we study the interrelation between macro-level (dominant) values and views, and the micro-level of media positioning, as retrieved from newspaper headlines. The headlines come from three Greek and two French newspapers of differing political, economic, and ideological standpoints. Focusing on the micro-level, we sketch an integrationist framework of analysis: We conduct a systemic functional analysis to scrutinize the transitivity structures of headlines, and an analysis of pathos in order to track constructed emotions. Among our main findings is that the newspapers, despite their different positionings and interests, converge on a dense discursive and emotional construction that favours the dominant values of a free market and the doctrine of austerity.