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91.
TrueAllele® Genotype Identification on DNA Mixtures Containing up to Five Unknown Contributors 下载免费PDF全文
Mark W. Perlin Ph.D. M.D. Jennifer M. Hornyak M.S. Garett Sugimoto M.S. Kevin W.P. Miller Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(4):857-868
Computer methods have been developed for mathematically interpreting mixed and low‐template DNA. The genotype modeling approach computationally separates out the contributors to a mixture, with uncertainty represented through probability. Comparison of inferred genotypes calculates a likelihood ratio (LR), which measures identification information. This study statistically examined the genotype modeling performance of Cybergenetics TrueAllele® computer system. High‐ and low‐template DNA mixtures of known randomized composition containing 2, 3, 4, and 5 contributors were tested. Sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility were established through LR quantification in each of these eight groups. Covariance analysis found LR behavior to be relatively invariant to DNA amount or contributor number. Analysis of variance found that consistent solutions were produced, once a sufficient number of contributors were considered. This study demonstrates the reliability of TrueAllele interpretation on complex DNA mixtures of representative casework composition. The results can help predict an information outcome for a DNA mixture analysis. 相似文献
92.
An Accelerated Analytical Process for the Development of STR Profiles for Casework Samples 下载免费PDF全文
Significant efforts are being devoted to the development of methods enabling rapid generation of short tandem repeat (STR) profiles in order to reduce turnaround times for the delivery of human identification results from biological evidence. Some of the proposed solutions are still costly and low throughput. This study describes the optimization of an analytical process enabling the generation of complete STR profiles (single‐source or mixed profiles) for human identification in approximately 5 h. This accelerated process uses currently available reagents and standard laboratory equipment. It includes a 30‐min lysis step, a 27‐min DNA extraction using the Promega Maxwell®16 System, DNA quantification in <1 h using the Qiagen Investigator® Quantiplex HYres kit, fast amplification (<26 min) of the loci included in AmpF?STR® Identifiler®, and analysis of the profiles on the 3500‐series Genetic Analyzer. This combination of fast individual steps produces high‐quality profiling results and offers a cost‐effective alternative approach to rapid DNA analysis. 相似文献
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The collation of forensic DNA case data into a multi-dimensional intelligence database 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The primary aim of any DNA Database is to link individuals to unsolved offenses and unsolved offenses to each other via DNA profiling. This aim has been successfully realised during the operation of the New Zealand (NZ) DNA Databank over the past five years. The DNA Intelligence Project (DIP), a collaborative project involving NZ forensic and law enforcement agencies, interrogated the forensic case data held on the NZ DNA databank and collated it into a functional intelligence database. This database has been used to identify significant trends which direct Police and forensic personnel towards the most appropriate use of DNA technology. Intelligence is being provided in areas such as the level of usage of DNA techniques in criminal investigation, the relative success of crime scene samples and the geographical distribution of crimes. The DIP has broadened the dimensions of the information offered through the NZ DNA Databank and has furthered the understanding and investigative capability of both Police and forensic scientists. The outcomes of this research fit soundly with the current policies of 'intelligence led policing', which are being adopted by Police jurisdictions locally and overseas. 相似文献
96.
浅谈我国法庭科学DNA数据库的建设 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
国家法庭科学DNA数据库充分地显示了DNA的技术效力 ,具有极其广阔的应用前景。DNA数据库在实践中的应用 ,带来了巨大社会效益和经济效益 ,是公安工作现代化的需要 ,因此 ,在我国建立国家法庭科学DNA数据库具有重要性和紧迫性 ,同时也具有可行性 ,但需要法庭科学DNA实验室、法律界、政府、立法者之间的全面合作。 相似文献
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将聚丙烯酸胺凝胶中DNA片段于PCR缓冲液中电洗脱,加入PCR反应试剂,直接扩增目的DNA作进一步分析,DNA片段回收效率为0.89±0.05,本方法简便、快速。 相似文献
98.
目的探讨单亲鉴定及其有关的法律及社会问题. 方法对1998年1月至2002年12月275例单亲鉴定进行回顾分析,对案例的数量、来源、鉴定事由、鉴定结论等作统计分析. 结果单亲鉴定近3年明显增多,占亲子鉴定总数的三成.案例来源以自诉为主,占95.27%.鉴定事由中,怀疑妻子有婚外性关系为主 ,占88.36%.275例单亲鉴定中,排除亲生关系39例,占14.18%.结果表明,非婚生子女只占少数. 结论自诉单亲鉴定存在法律盲区,但在维护家庭稳定具有一定作用.受理单亲鉴定宜取慎重态度,有关的社会及法律问题需要解决. 相似文献
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DNA技术在系列案件串并中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
霍塞虎 《山西警官高等专科学校学报》2007,15(4):74-76
系列案件、流窜案件时空跨度大,严重影响社会稳定。对其进行及时的串并侦查是一项有效的侦查措施。DNA技术和DNA数据库目前已越来越多地应用于凶杀、强奸、盗窃、抢劫等许多系列案件的串并和认定,为最大限度打击犯罪,合理配置有限的侦查资源提供了强有力的科技支撑。 相似文献