TWO WORLDS FAR APART: BLACK‐WHITE DIFFERENCES IN BELIEFS ABOUT WHY AFRICAN‐AMERICAN MEN ARE DISPROPORTIONATELY IMPRISONED*

Analyzing The Washington Post, Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, and Harvard University 2006 African American Survey, the current project focuses on three related issues. First, I examine whether African Americans and whites share a common “sensibility” or “cognitive landscape” when considering why African‐American men are disproportionately imprisoned. Second, the current research investigates whether the sensibilities held by African Americans and whites are collectively held. Third, I investigate whether the relative subordinate position of African Americans—as manifested in their personal experiences with racial discrimination—shapes the opinions that they have about why black men are disproportionately incarcerated. Findings reveal that African Americans and whites significantly differ in their opinions about why black men are imprisoned. They also show that deep divisions exist among whites, whereas African Americans tend to share a common sensibility as to why black males are disproportionately incarcerated. The results reveal that the cognitive landscape that African Americans collectively hold about why black men are incarcerated is shaped by their personal experiences with racial discrimination.     

从男性气概的改造到促进男性参与

在推进社会性别平等的过程中,男性自身参与的愿望仍然非常不够.应该从制度和个人两方面鼓励男性参与.男性气概是多样的,支配性男性气概是可以被改造的,改造支配性男性气概将在个人层面上直接促成男性参与.笔者提出"男性觉悟"、"男性解放"、"男性觉悟二重性"等概念,主张应该唤起男性觉悟,认识到传统的支配性男性气概对男人和女人的共同伤害,使得男性积极主动地颠覆支配性男性气概,进而同女性携手推进性别平等.但这种觉悟与解放应该同时认识到父权文化和体制对女性的压迫比对男性的压迫更重,才能保证其对两性平等的推进.同时,作者以生殖健康领域为例,说明支配性男性气概的改变将如何影响到男性在生殖健康领域的积极参与.     

对五四时期妇女解放思潮中"男性本质"建构的研究

本文运用文本解读的方法,研究了五四妇女解放思潮中"男性本质"的建构问题,发现生物学、心理学、人类学等学科的某些概念与理论是"男性本质"建构的"科学"基础;以性爱为基础的两性关系是"男性本质"建构的逻辑起点;强大、理性、"性"超于生存是"男性本质"的主要特征;"男性本质"的建构是对妇女解放的回应.其观点良莠并存,至今影响犹深,需要运用现代科学理论重新解构"男性本质",促进和谐、先进的性别文化建设.     

女魔的反叛——西方文学中恶女人形象系列透视

人类的文明史,是逐渐从以圣杯为标志的充满和谐与爱的母权制社会向以剑为标志的充满暴力和战争的父权制社会的进化史,是男女两性之间的战争史.西方文学作品中的"恶魔型"女人,充满了女性自身的原欲,她们对男性的近乎疯狂的复仇,对男权社会的激越的反叛,代表着一种颠覆男性统治的革命性力量.消解男权文化模式,超越性别角色的对立,建立男女平等的伙伴关系的社会模式则是理想的发展趋向.     

“自造男人”之梦的三重误导——基伦斯《随后我们听到了雷声》对美国男性气质的反思

In John Killens's novel And Then We Heard the Thunder, the protagonist Solomon Sanders could not make the right decision both in his career and marriage, and his personality is often in a split state. This paper maintains that Sanders's practical difficulties and psychological predicaments are closely related to his wrong perception of male identity. All signs indicate that what Sanders identifies is a kind of “Self-Made Man” masculinity which has long been advocated by the mainstream society of America. This model of masculinity's most serious defect lies in the fact that it pays much attention to men's external performance and banishes the spiritual and moral claims in terms of its judgment standard and value orientation. With a full display of Sanders's psychological and practical predicaments, the novel carries out an incisive introspection upon this model of masculinity.     

从精神寻父到文化杀夫——论张洁文本中男性形象的互文性

“互文性”理论认为，任何审美物象承载的审美意蕴都能跨越单一文本的界限，在其前其后的文本中找到投射的影子，并借助其他文本获得意义增殖。也就是说，一切艺术形象都具有承前启后、前后对接和相互渗透的功能。张洁文本中的男性形象，共同铸成了一个异形同构、相互指涉的人物艺术画廊。这多个人物之间存有一种内在的互文互证性，从某个侧面折射出新时期以来中国女性文学从精神寻父到文化杀夫的嬗变轨迹。     

An exploration of incest in the childhood development of serial rapists

This paper explores the phenomenon of male incest in a sample of 41 incarcerated serial rapists. Of 31 men who reported childhood sexual abuse (penetration, exploitation, and/or witnessing), just over half were victims of incest. All incestuous experiences occurred before puberty, and the majority of the experiences were protracted in nature. When compared to nonincest victims of sexual abuse, incest victims were more likely to report parental physical abuse and to describe their childhood family structure at 16 years of age as reconstituted (step-parent present). In all cases in which the step-father was implicated in the abuse, the abuse was of the witnessing variety (i.e., the boy witnessed sexual activity that he found disturbing). Incest victims were significantly more likely than non-incest victims to re-enact sexually abusive behavior within the family. This finding suggests that clinical discoveries of sibling sexual activity should alert clinicians that other incestuous activities may be occurring or have taken place.     

论伍尔夫女性主义的历史意义

在女性主义思想的发展历程中,伍尔夫是一个标志性的人物.其女性主义思想的历史功绩,集中体现在三个方面:首先,她是一个自觉的女性主义者,她从理论和创作实践、批判和构建两个方面系统地表达了自己的女性主义思想;其次,她对女性自身的欲望诉求从纯粹的物质层面延伸到精神层面,更注重女性自身的精神建设;第三,她对男女关系的梳理也从片面强调两者的对立和差异,拓展到强调两性的和谐和双性的共存.     

浅析男性间同性强奸行为的刑法规制

我国现行刑法没有规定男性的性权利,因而无法得到法律的保护,作为基本的人身权利,男性性权利应该与女性性权利一样受到同等保护。男性间同性强奸行为具有自身的特点,鉴于其高发性和巨大的社会危害性,我国刑法应该借鉴国外相关的立法例,将男性间的同性强奸行为纳入强奸罪的规制范围,并需要随着社会的发展对其进行不断完善。     

利用Y-STR单倍型推断嫌疑人家族来源的研究

目的调查山东寿光地区汉族男性家族起源及研究17个Y-STR基因座单倍型在家族中的遗传稳定性。方法对寿光地区624个无关男性家族群体进行抽样,应用Y-filer荧光标记复合扩增系统,对17个Y-STR基因座复合扩增,用ABI3130XL型基因分析仪对扩增产物进行检测,并统计其群体遗传学参数。结果未发现家族性偶合。结论寿光地区624个汉族无关男性家族在经过了约七百年的遗传和突变累积后,其Y-STR单倍型仍具有较强的家族识别能力,可以很好地用于推断嫌疑人的家族来源。