论男权意识视野中的婚姻爱情观——《聊斋志异》之女性形象

蒲松龄的<聊斋志异>为世人塑造了仪态万方的女子形象,她们较之以前的女性形象表现出了难能可贵的进步性,其自我意识空前萌动;然而,在封建社会以男性为中心的生存秩序中,这些女性依然是以男性视角为活动轴心,依然背负着封建传统礼教的精神轭套,璀璨夺目的女性光环之下依然晃动着男权意识的精神锁链.<聊斋志异>中的婚姻爱情观,体现的仍是封建礼教下的男权意识.     

男女犯罪行为方式及犯罪原因比较研究

目前女性犯罪的快速增长打破了男性犯罪占绝大多数的局面。较之男性犯罪 ,女性犯罪年龄偏大 ,其犯罪行为结构及性质愈加接近男性犯罪 ,女性更倾向于在熟人间实施犯罪。女性犯罪原因同男性犯罪一样是多种因素综合作用的结果 ,但也包含一些性别因素。     

关于完善男性间同性性侵犯刑法保护的思考——以平等权为视野

由于现行刑法中没有相关规定,男性间性侵犯的现象大量在法律空白中蔓延,造成了巨大的社会危害。因此必须从犯罪对象和犯罪手段两个方面着手对男性间性侵犯行为进行深入研究,并力求能够从立法上平等保护男性的性权利。     

男尊女卑观在中国古代社会的强化路径

男尊女卑观在中国古代社会绵延千年,它对中国古代女子的生存与发展产生了很大影响,文章从哲理化、法律化、社会习俗化的角度分析了男尊女卑观在中国古代社会的强化过程。     

Male Versus Female Substance Abuse Patterns Among Incarcerated Juvenile Offenders: Comparing Strain and Social Learning Variables

The present study explores gender differences in substance use among a juvenile correctional population. Hypotheses derived from general strain theory and differential association/social learning theory are evaluated in order to examine the relative importance of family transitions, family dysfunctions, victimization, and peer substance use. The data include information on approximately 5,000 incarcerated juveniles (89 percent males, 11 percent females). Comparisons across gender indicate similarity with respect to alcohol and marijuana, but earlier age of onset and greater current use among females for most other substances. Regression analyses reveal similarity across genders in the preeminence of peer substance use as a predictor, but mixed results with respect to the influence of family factors and victimization. Findings are consistent with the tenets of differential association/social learning theory on the whole, but also indicate potential differences in sources of strain for males and females with respect to age of onset of alcohol/marijuana use.     

The reduction of male abusiveness as a result of treatment: Reality or myth?

A 6-month outpatient treatment program for male abusers emphasized honesty, shame reduction, and group support for change. Ratings on the Abusive Behavior Inventory (ABI) obtained before and immediately after treatment demonstrated a significant decrease in physical and psychological abuse as rated by both the abusers and their female partners. This decrease in male abusiveness was maintained 6 months and two years after completion of treatment for those couples who cooperated in followup. No decrease in male abusiveness was observed during treatment, however, for those couples who did not cooperate in the followup. The authors suggest that the noncooperative female partners may have been afraid to rate their partners because of continued abuse. Therefore, the selective attrition of subjects who did not improve is a major problem in evaluating the apparent long-term success of treatment.     

Men in Skirts

There are signs that the wearing of skirts by men appears to be on the increase in the West. Connor's essay provides a series of historical reflections on the signification and cultural phenomenology of male and female apparel. The first appearance of bifurcated dress in the late mediaeval period is considered, along with the struggle between men and women for command of lateral space during the seventeenth century in Europe, as attested to by commentators like John Bulwer and John Evelyn. Explications are offered of the thematics of the fringe and the pocket, as they are dramatized in trousers and skirts, as well as of the logic of lightness and of the pendant. Trousers, Connors concludes, have never lost their fanciful associations with utility, practicality and rationality; they are the signs of occupation, of being taken up in what you do, rather than consumed in what you are. The political victory of the trousered over the untrousered races (Romans, Scots, Indians etc.) is confirmed by its inversion in male masochist fantasies of 'petticoat government', from the late nineteenth century onwards.     

The Relationship Between Gender Equality and Rates of Inter- and Intra-Sexual Lethal Violence: An Exploration of Functional Form

Considerable attention has been given to the relationship between gender equality (GE) and levels of violence perpetrated by men against women in recent decades. Yet, the current state of the literature is equivocal. High levels of GE have been hypothesized to both decrease and increase men’s violence. This study proposes a theoretical account that integrates the ameliorative and backlash theses and offers a possible explanation for some of the inconsistent findings. Specifically, we argue that both ameliorative and backlash processes operate but that their relative strength and salience vary at different levels of GE. As a result of the interplay between these counter-balancing forces, the relationship between GE and levels of men’s violence men against women (and other men) is hypothesized to be curvilinear rather than linear. The results of multivariate analyses of male and female inter- and intra-sexual homicide offending offer robust support for this hypothesis.     

Medicalisation,pharmaceutical promotion and the Internet: a critical multimodal discourse analysis of hair loss websites

This study conducts a critical multimodal discourse analysis of commercial hair loss websites. Specifically, I focus on eight sites which provide information about and promote the pharmaceutical hair loss treatment Propecia, a widely available medication marketed to treat male pattern baldness. I identify four salient discursive strategies through which the websites depict male hair loss and the Propecia treatment, namely (1) representing the balding man as type and outcast, (2) promoting the attractiveness and self-assurance of the hirsute man, (3) situating male hair loss in a scientific discourse and (4) encouraging consumers to self-evaluate their hair loss. By inducing insecurities in men experiencing hair loss and encouraging them to embrace pharmaceutical remedies as a viable response to male pattern balding, these discursive-semiotic strategies help to reproduce the contemporary sociocultural practice of medicalisation, the phenomenon whereby the natural processes of life are treated as medical problems. The findings of this study suggest that these promotional discourses play a role in transforming ordinary, benign ailments into illnesses, reconfiguring them as treatable disorders for commercial gain.     

Allele frequencies of 20 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci in a tribal population of Deccan Plateau, India

Population: Eighty male individuals from a nomadic tribal population belonging to Dravidian and Indo-Caucasian ethnicities from Deccan Plateau, Andhra Pradesh, India, were analyzed in the present study.