学生助学贷款的行政给付性质探讨

国家在教育领域的直接责任是不容置疑的,这种直接责任在助学贷款制度中体现为行政给付。因而必须解决目前助学贷款制度事实上存在的商业定位问题,明确其行政性。由政策性银行代表政府作为一方当事人与学生签订行政合同,利用行政合同的灵活性与合意性,辅以个人教育风险投资的方式,可以从理论上和实务上解决目前存在的诸多问题。     

警察个人心理健康的维护

警察个人心理健康维护的目的是为了保障警察个人心理健康，面对的是全体民警，包含没有心理问题的民警；警察个人心理健康维护更重要的是维持和促进警察心理持久的完善和提高；警察个人心理健康维护是为了帮助警察恢复心理正常，预防警察心理疾病的发生；警察个人心理健康维护可以进一步提升心理正常的警察心理素质，充分发展警察的心理效能。     

个人信息保护法研究

中国在社会信息化转型过程中所面临的法制环境依然很严峻。目前,个人信息保护立法任务已经现实地摆在我们面前。然而制定符合中国实际,又能与国际接轨的个人信息保护法并非易事。自律机制是美国保护个人信息的基础机制,发挥了良好的社会功用,但它并不适合我国。欧盟"资料保护"制度的基本经验告诉我们,个人信息保护关涉基本人权,应由立法进行。我国宜借鉴安全港模式,积极进行个人信息保护立法,同时倡导行业主动采取自律手段保护个人信息。我国台湾资料法可谓兼顾中西的一个尝试,对我国大陆制定个人信息保护法有直接的借鉴作用。     

个人慈善发展滞后的原因考究

个人慈善是我国慈善事业的组成部分之一，在构建和谐社会进程中，能够发挥社会保障资金筹资渠道、公民道德建设载体和直接参与和谐社会建设的作用。目前，与公民个人的经济文化发展水平相比，个人慈善的发展明显滞后，造成个人慈善发展滞后的原因是多方面的，究其原因，现行法律对个人慈善的保护不力是主要原因。有鉴于此，本文从社会学、法学的角度探究影响我国个人慈善发展的社会和法制原因。     

论侵权行为的可仲裁性

能否对侵权行为给以仲裁,在我国仲裁法律界存在争议。仲裁以解决财产纠纷为己任,侵权的纠纷可以给付金钱来了结,此为侵权行为的可仲裁性提供了可能。但是,侵权包括财产侵权与人身侵权两种类型,对财产侵权,可以仲裁解决纠纷,对人身侵权则不宜采用仲裁解决纠纷。     

论挪用公款罪的界定

第58届联合国大会通过的《联合国反腐败公约》,明确规定了可以定罪的9种腐败行为,挪用公款是其中之一。我国刑法对挪用公款罪早有明确规定,但刑法规定比较抽象、概括,以致在理论界和司法实践方面都存在许多问题,本文结合刑法中犯罪构成理论及立法解释、司法解释对挪用公款罪加以分析、界定。     

Identifying Southwest Hispanics using nonmetric traits and the cultural profile

Due to the increasing number of Southwest Hispanics in the United States, as well as the overwhelming number of foreign nationals that die every year trying to enter the United States along the southern United States border with Mexico, new methods for classifying individuals have been established at the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner in Tucson, Arizona (PCOME). For each of the past 5 years, the PCOME has investigated a record number of deaths associated with these border crossings. The overwhelming majority of the identified decedents are Mexican Nationals. However, approximately 25% of these undocumented border crossers have yet to be identified, making it clear that improved methods for human identification are greatly needed. The first goal of this paper is to delineate the suite of skeletal nonmetric traits utilized in assessing Southwest Hispanic ancestry at the PCOME. This suite of nonmetric traits has proven to be an effective component in establishing the "biological profile" of unknown individuals in these cases. The second goal of this paper is to introduce methods used at the PCOME to establish the "cultural profile" of individuals in these cases. The "cultural profile" is a set of identification criteria that include: the geographic context of recovery, personal effects, dental health, and cultural accoutrements. Establishing the "cultural profile" in these cases is essential in identifying individuals as foreign nationals who have died trying to cross the border.     

燃油公约背景下的船舶油污损害法律研究

2009年3月9日,《国际船用燃料油污染损害民事责任公约（2001）》正式在中国生效。加上《1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约》及其1992年议定书,中国已经成为海洋油污损害方面最主要的两个国际性法律文件的缔约国。在公约背景之下,主要涉及的问题包括公约适用条件、责任主体、求偿范围、责任限制,等等。本文通过对比和分析国际公约和中国国内法的具体规则,以期揭示涉外船舶油污损害案件的相关实体法问题,为合理选择国内法和公约提供一定参考。     

未成年被告人人身危险性的评估研究——以未成年人社会调查报告的模糊综合评价为视角

未成年人社会调查报告是未成年被告人人身危险性的重要表征,也是审理未成年人刑事案件的重要参考依据。但是由于未成年人社会调查报告本身、法官认定未成年人社会调查报告的心证以及未成年人社会调查报告与人身危险性的相关度等方面存在着模糊性,因此,有必要运用模糊理论综合评价未成年人社会调查报告,以期准确认定未成年被告人的人身危险性的大小。     

Personal Identification by Morphometric Analyses of Intra‐Oral Radiographs of Unrestored Teeth*

Abstract: The aim of this study was to work out a biometric method for personal identification by comparing simulated antemortem and postmortem digital radiographs of unrestored teeth. Intra‐oral radiographs of the inferior right first molar, without restorations, were acquired at two different times in 70 subjects using a standardized technique followed by a morphometric analysis. The program automatically supplied values of the absolute distances, relative distances, shape factors, moments, perimeter values, and the areas of the triangles, which were obtained by joining key reference points. The values for the homologous samples were compared with the heterologous samples. Statistical analysis was then carried out, resulting in a section point value of 0.9992. Higher correlation coefficients indicate positive identification, with less than 2% risk of false positives, and approximately 3% of false negatives. We have also tested the method on dental records from 30 patients in order to demonstrate the specificity and sensitivity of the system.