服务侵权责任是独立的质量侵权责任

服务侵权责任是一项独立的质量侵权责任。承担服务侵权责任的前提条件是服务存在缺陷,即服务经营者所提供的服务不符合保障人身、财产安全的要求,包括服务设计缺陷、服务指示缺陷和服务过程缺陷。服务侵权责任的归责原则应采取过借推定兼顾公平原则。服务侵权责任与产品责任、建筑侵权责任构成我国“三位一体”的质量侵权责任制度。     

The body global and the body traditional: a digital ethnography of Instagram and nationalism in Kazakhstan and Russia

ABSTRACT

What is the power of social media in defining and policing sexual identities and bodily expressions, and what are their connections to understanding nation, power and self in authoritarian contexts? Through the study of popular Instagram accounts in Kazakhstan and Russia, I argue that these sites serve as spaces of visualization and re-creation of new forms of ‘acceptable’ behaviour and lifestyles, that on the one hand may lead to new globalized visions of sexual identity and the body while on the other promoting localized conflict and resentment online, triggered by online users’ fear of losing their ‘national culture’ in these global trends. While many resort to policing gender norms and heteronormative body images online, influencers and Instagrammers from Russia and Kazakhstan take an active part in resisting these frameworks and categories.     

论完善我国海事赔偿责任限制程序制度

本文分析了我国目前海事赔偿责任限制制度由于实体法和程序法不配套以及程序法本身的缺陷在实践中造成的各种问题 ,并对完善我国的海事赔偿责任程序制度提出若干建议     

知情同意原则下医疗过失损害赔偿责任的几个问题--从一起患者知情同意纠纷案说起

知情同意原则所保护的客体是自我决定权.知情同意原则下的损害赔偿责任不同于医疗事故损害赔偿责任.二者不能互相否认.医方违反知情同意原则的责任是一种侵权损害赔偿责任.该责任的构成要件可包括(1)医师存在法定的告知义务;(2)医师未能将对患者的决定产生实质性影响的风险/信息告知患者;(3)在告知不充分的情况下,患者由于选择了当前的治疗方案而受到伤害;(4)医师的义务违反与患者的伤害之间存在因果关系.其中,告知义务是否充分的判断应以处于同样情境的一个理性患者所需作为主要的标准;对信息"实质性"的判定应看一个与患者处于同一位置的合理审慎之人在决定是否对所建议的治疗做出同意时会对某一事实赋加重要性或将该事实作为一"决定性"影响因素加以考虑;在因果关系存无的认定上,则要考虑若患者被充分告知实情他是否会做出不同的选择决定.     

律师从事证券业务对第三者的民事法律责任研究——兼与注册会计师比较

近几年来,由于证券市场的风起云涌,人们对证券市场中介机构的法律责任日益凸现.中国证监会等证券市场监督机构也加大了对证券市场中介机构的处罚力度,但对于市场中介机构,尤其是与证券市场发展息息相关的会计师事务所与律师事务所应该承担的民事法律责任,特别是对于第三者,主要是证券投资者的民事法律责任却缺乏明确的规范,尽管其行政责任已经很明确[1].本文拟从股票发行上市及交易的角度,对律师对第三者(主要是指证券市场投资者)的民事法律责任制度(以下简称"律师对于第三者的责任")作出初步的研究.     

The Future Climate Regime: A Regional Comparison of Proposals

This paper compares and clarifies differences revealed in proposals from different regions on a future multilateral climate regime, after the year 2012. More than 100 articles in English were collected, categorized according to the lead authors region, and then reviewed to identify the general tendencies of each region. Proposals on emission allocation rules were the most popular in Europe, while rules related to international emissions trading dominated proposals from the United States. Few articles came from other Annex I countries, but these generally provided only the most basic aspects of a future regime. Meanwhile, concerns for equity and the relevance of any new regime in terms of sustainable development were clear in proposals from non-Annex I countries. Differences among regions were considered to be a reflection of current circumstances in each authors region. The capacity and culture of authors in some regions were considered to be other possible factors in differences. The paper concludes that recognition of regional background that formulate respective preferences and concerns regarding a future climate regime will be important to help reach a multilateral agreement in future official negotiations.     

论违约责任和侵权责任的竞合

违约责任与侵权责任的竞合是因为行为人实施的一个违法行为具备违约行为和侵权行为的双重性质,从而引发了两种责任的共同产生。各国对违约责任与侵权责任的竞合有不同处理原则,我国合同法明确规定了该两种责任的竞合,受害人有选择的权利。     

“包赔”的困惑

根据我国法律,国家对其行为是否承担赔偿责任,承担责任的范围及程序,皆有明文规定.因此,作为国家机关的公安局对其管辖范围内的公民、法人或其他组织的损失是否承担责任,承担什么责任,均应有其合法性和合理性.笔者认为贵州省都均市公安局对社会作出的"包赔"承诺,恰恰忽视了这一点.     

埃斯特拉达：菲律宾特色民主的产物与替罪羊

菲律宾被罢黜总统埃斯特拉达（以下称埃氏）是菲律宾历届当选总统中得票率最高的“民选”总统,曾被菲律宾人评价为继50年代马克赛赛总统之后最受群众欢迎的总统。然而,在执政后仅一年多便遭致来自各派势力的激烈反对,并成为亚洲第一位遭受弹劾的总统,最终在民变、政变、军变的压力下黯然交出了政权。埃氏作为民选总统,政治生涯在任期仅二年半期间发生了如此戏剧性的变化,其中缘由值得深思。本文试图从菲律宾特色民主为出发点,探索埃氏这位民选总统倒台的原因,并对菲律宾特色民主“EDSA第二次人民力量”的后遗问题进行一些初步的探讨。     

产品责任法中的警示缺陷研究

文章采用比较法学的研究方法,对现代各国产品责任法律制度中的警示缺陷进行了分析和比较.着重研究了警示缺陷中的警示的时间、对象、内容、方式、强度、售后警示、产品继任者的警示以及关于"明显危险无警告义务法则"等.在此基础上结合实例进行了警示缺陷的实务研究和警示缺陷的经济学分析.