大众传媒对社会犯罪的消极影响

随着社会的发展,大众传媒对社会和个人的影响越来越深入,对社会犯罪的影响也越来越深远。由于现在大众媒体上暴力、色情的信息越来越多,以及对于犯罪行为报道的不合理,导致＂潜在犯罪人＂从媒体上习得了犯罪行为;而大众传媒对社会价值观的不合理塑造,又促生了公众的＂社会相对剥夺感＂,帮助产生了＂潜在犯罪人＂。     

群众路线与基层政权的民主化改革——基于国家制度建设的视角

群众路线是党领导国家、治理社会的有效资源,执政党的治国理政离不开群众路线.基层政权是党领导群众的关键链条和基本依托,而群众路线是基层政权运作的内在支撑和基本规定.从政党、国家与社会发展的内在逻辑来看,政党执政是通过建构现代国家制度来掌握和运行国家权力的,即国家制度是政党执政的现代形态,现代国家制度的基本方面就是民主.在当代中国,群众路线在建构现代国家的同时,现代国家制度也赋予了群众路线民主的意义.作为基层政权支撑体系的群众路线就决定了基层政权建设的民主性,以群众路线推进基层政权的民主化就成为转型中国现代国家建设的重要战略基础.从基层政权的构成及运转看,群众路线推进基层政权的民主化改革主要还是遵循民主的群众路线,立足于开发基层政权本身的制度资源推动基层政权制度体系的有效良性运转.     

群体性事件的生成逻辑与消解路径——政府职能的视角

从政府职能的视角看,群体性事件的生成逻辑主要有三点,即政府触角过长、垄断公共决策、政府职能结构不良。政府应当通过理顺关系、强化沟通与合作治理、优化政府职能结构、创新职能实施模式等路径逐步转变政府职能,最终达到消解群体性事件的目的。     

The Influence of Footwear Sole Hardness on Slip Characteristics and Slip‐Induced Falls in Young Adults

Theoretically, a shoe that provides less friction could result in a greater slip distance and foot slipping velocity, thereby increasing the likelihood of falling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sole hardness on the probability of slip‐induced falls. Forty young adults were randomized into a hard or a soft sole shoe group, and tested under both nonslippery and slippery floor conditions using a motion analysis system. The proportions of fall events in the hard‐ and soft‐soled shoe groups were not statistically different. No differences were observed between shoe groups for average slip distance, peak and average heel velocity, and center of mass slipping velocity. A strong association was found between slip distance and the fall probability. Our results demonstrate that the probability of a slip‐induced fall was not influenced by shoe hardness. Once a slip is induced, slip distance was the primary predictor of a slip‐induced fall.     

Acute arsenic poisoning: clinical, toxicological, histopathological, and forensic features

This report describes a suicide case by acute arsenic intoxication via intravenous injection. A 30-year-old woman injected arsenic As (V) (sodium arseniate disodique: Disodium Hydrogena Arsenik RP) in a successful suicide attempt. Three hours following administration, the woman developed severe digestive symptoms. She was admitted to a hospital and transferred to the intensive care unit within 12 h of the massive administration of arsenic. Despite therapeutic efforts, over the next 2 h she developed multiorgan failure and died. A postmortem examination was performed. Pulmonary edema and congestion of liver were apparent. As (V) and As (III) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after mineralization of samples by concentrated nitric acid. Toxicological analysis revealed high concentrations of arsenic in biological fluids as well as in organs. Histopathological examination showed a typical indication of myocarditis. These findings were in agreement with acute arsenic poisoning. The symptoms developed by this young woman (intoxication by intravenous administration) were comparable to oral intoxication. The clinical signs, survival time, and administration type are discussed in light of the literature on acute and chronic arsenic poisoning.     

Development of microwave-assisted extraction procedure for organic impurity profiling of seized 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)

Abstract: Organic impurity profiling of seized 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) tablets aims to link tablets to common production sources. Conventionally, organic impurities are extracted from tablets using a liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) procedure prior to analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). In this research, the development of an alternative microwave‐assisted extraction/headspace solid‐phase microextraction (MAE/HS‐SPME) procedure is described. The optimal procedure used phosphate buffer (1 M, pH 8), with an HS‐SPME extraction temperature of 70°C for 40 min, using a divinylbenzene/Carboxen?/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber. Impurities were extracted from seized MDMA exhibits using the MAE/HS‐SPME procedure, as well as HS‐SPME alone, and a conventional LLE procedure. The HS‐SPME procedure was deemed to be the most practical because of the affordability and need for less analyst involvement. Although the LLE was limited in the number of impurities extracted, the procedure is still useful for the extraction of less volatile impurities that are not extracted by HS‐SPME.     

Initial Results on the Composition of Fingerprints and its Evolution as a Functionof Time by GC/MS Analysis

Abstract: Determining the time since deposition of fingermarks may prove necessary to assess their relevance to criminal investigations. The crucial factor is the initial composition of fingermarks, because it represents the starting point of any aging model. This study mainly aimed to characterize the initial composition of fingerprints, which show a high variability between donors (inter‐variability), but also to investigate the variations among fingerprints from the same donor (intra‐variability). Solutions to reduce this initial variability using squalene and cholesterol as target compounds are proposed and should be further investigated. The influence of substrates was also evaluated, and the initial composition was observed to be larger on porous surface than nonporous surfaces. Preliminary aging of fingerprints over 30 days was finally studied on a porous and a nonporous substrate to evaluate the potential for dating of fingermarks. Squalene was observed to decrease in a faster rate on a nonporous substrate.     

论学习型大学生的培养

全球化和知识经济的迅猛推进,我国社会的急剧变迁,都对培养学习型大学生这个马克思主义学习型政党的重要群众基础提出了紧迫要求。具有坚定科学信仰、现代学习理念、良好学习习惯、拥有创新精神是学习型大学生适应时代发展和要求应当具备的基本特征。大学生应当通过择取应该学习的知识,选择恰当的知识学习范式,达到应然的学习心境等主观努力使自己成长为学习型大学生;还要通过更新教育理念、营造学习型高校氛围和健全学习型大学生党组织等实践进路培养学习型大学生,打牢马克思主义学习型政党建设的群众基础。     

析我国民族宗教群体性事件的成因、特点及处置对策

建国以来,我国各民族间和睦相处,呈现出民族团结、经济发展、政治稳定、社会进步的大好局面。但在新的历史条件下,也存在一些不容忽视的问题,如有些地方民族宗教群体性事件时有发生,影响社会稳定和民族团结。民族宗教地区因为其特殊的历史背景、文化传统以及其特殊地位、作用,成为国内不稳定的一个潜在因素。因此,探索和研究新形势下民族宗教群体性事件的成因、特点和处置对策。对于减少由民族与宗教问题引起的群体性事件,改善民族间的关系,维护国家安全和祖国统一,构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要意义。     

The Lion and the Eunuch: National Identity and the British Genius

The Lion and the Eunuch challenges the failures of British politicians to adequately understand the complexities, and the subtleties, of British national identity, and goes on to define it for them. It also explains reasons for our current confusions over who we are in the world. In 1940 Orwell wrote The Lion and the Unicorn as a rallying cry for a richly identifying country that was still able to imagine itself, and re‐imagine itself, as the need arose. This essay suggests that without a radical change of government policy and thought, that power will continue to decline with far reaching consequences for the peoples of these islands.