民主政治视域下践行党的群众路线的长效性机制研究

党的群众路线与我国的民主政治之间存在着高度的契合性和内在的一致性,是发展中国特色民主政治的基础和关键。当前,全党在践行群众路线的过程中,往往受到一些因素的干扰,如传统"官本位"政治文化的影响、群众利益的多元化、权力关系认识的错位以及群众政治参与制度的不健全等。究其根源,在于缺乏一套行之有效的民主保障机制和动力机制。对此,通过破除"官本位"思想,提高民主执政能力,发展人民民主,保障人民群众的主体地位,规制权力失范,加强顶层制度设计,无疑会给党践行群众路线提供内在的长效动力。     

海外学者对群众路线的政治学评价

在海外中共研究中,学者们从政治学的视角对群众路线赞誉有加。主要观点有:群众路线是马克思主义中国化的一个核心问题;是中国现代化的一条组织原则;是对西方民主的一种抗衡;是一种决策模式;构成政治参与的基础;是政治合法性的重要来源;是治理的一种方法,影响着近代以来中国政治的运作与发展,今天仍是中共强有力的政治资源,并将继续主导中国政治发展的进程;群众路线还产生了一定范围的世界影响。总体而言,海外学者的观点是比较客观,也是基本正确的,其观点和视角值得国内学者在研究中参考和借鉴。     

以制度建设的科学化推动群众工作的科学化

以党的群众路线的制度建设科学化推动群众工作的科学化成为新时期群众工作的必然选择。党的群众路线制度化水平的提高首在明确人民群众在制度建设中的主体地位,重在制度本身的建构、开发与整合。     

企业工会建设三重奏

企业工会是密切党群干群关系的桥梁和纽带,企业工会只有加强组织建设,提升工会干部素质,围绕科学发展和队伍建设,发挥自身优势,积极探索加强民主管理的方法,切实维护好职工的合法权益,做好服务工作,才能把全体职工的智慧和力量凝聚起来,把积极性与创造性调动起来,团结、带领广大职工群众更好地完成上级交给的各项工作任务。     

甘孜藏区群体性突发事件的应对策略 ——以公安工作为视角

近年来,四川省甘孜藏族自治州辖区(以下简称甘孜藏区)因草场纠纷、移民搬迁、下岗就业等人民内部矛盾引发的群体性事件较为突出,成为影响政治安全和社会稳定的重要问题。其涉及范围广、产生原因复杂,并呈现出聚众性、组织性、阶段性、暴力性、反复性和破坏性等特点。对此,公安机关应从做好事前矛盾化解工作、健全情报预警机制、完善公平正当的执法程序、构建战略性综合应对机制和构建协调沟通的事后稳控体系等方面加强应对,最大限度地减少群体性事件对甘孜州造成的现实危害和不良影响,维护好甘孜藏区的政治安全和社会稳定。     

Can latent fingerprint disclose the sex of the donor? A preliminary test study using GC–MS analysis of latent fingerprints

While fingerprints are a highly used means of identification, not every fingerprint left behind on a potential crime scene can be used for identification purposes. In some cases, the fingerprint may be smudged, partially preserved or overlapping with other prints hence distorting the ridge pattern and may therefore be not appropriate for identification. Further, fingermark residue yields a very low abundance of genetic material for DNA analysis. In such cases, the fingermark may be used to retrieve basic donor information such as sex. The focus of this paper was to assess the possibility of differentiating between the sexes of the donor of latent fingermarks. Analytical method was GC–MS analysis of the chemical compounds of latent fingermarks using 22 male and 22 female donors. Results showed 44 identified compounds. Two alcohols, octadecanol C₁₈ and eicosanol C₂₀, were found to show a difference that was statistically significant between male and female donors. There is also some evidence for the possibility of distinguishing sex of the fingermark donor based on the distribution of branched chain fatty acids, as free compounds or esterified in wax esters.     

4F‐MDMB‐BINACA: A New Synthetic Cannabinoid Widely Implicated in Forensic Casework

This is the first report regarding the characterization of the new synthetic cannabinoid 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA. 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA was first analytically confirmed in seized drug material using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Subsequent to this characterization, 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA was detected in biological specimens collected as part of forensically relevant casework, including medicolegal death investigations and drug impaired driving investigations, from a variety of regions in the United States. Further analysis of biological specimens resulted in the identification of the metabolites 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA 3,3‐dimethylbutanoic acid and 4‐OH‐MDMB‐BINACA. 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA is appearing with increasing frequency as a contributory factor in deaths, creating morbidity and mortality risks for drug users. Laboratories must be aware of its presence and impact, incorporating 4F‐MDMB‐BINACA into workflows for detection and confirmation.     

雄安新区建设中群体性事件防范研究

雄安新区建设是举世瞩目的伟大工程。在这个相对漫长的过程中,牵扯了太多人的利益,当地居民更是面临着前所未有的发展机遇和挑战。积极稳健地推进建设进程,照顾到各方利益的均衡,及时发现影响社会安定的因素,避免引发群体性事件,是新区管理者、建设者义不容辞的责任。要从健全社会保障体系、加强沟通交流机制、重视源头预防、完善冲突化解机制入手,才能有效的抑制群体性事件的发生,为新区建设提供良好的社会环境。     

纸喷雾质谱在物证检验中的应用

物证检验中,建立简便、快捷、样品前处理步骤少的质谱分析方法一直是一大挑战。纸喷雾电离技术具有快速灵敏、经济高效、操作简便的特点,可有效解决物证检验中的难题。本文综述了纸喷雾电离质谱在物证检验领域相关应用的最新进展,主要包括毒物毒品分析、药物滥用、农残检测、食品及日用品安全、文书检验及爆炸物检测,并辅以展望。     

Weaponization of the Land and Property Rights system in the Syrian civil war: facilitating restitution?

The Syrian civil war has seen the weaponization of its land and property rights system by the primary combatant groups in the country. The government is the most robust in its use of the tenure system to locate, target, destroy, confiscate, cleanse and gain revenue by way of the institutions and attributes comprising the system. Based on fieldwork with Syrian refugees in Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey, this article describes seven ways the Syrian government is currently using the land and property rights system in its military-on-civilian engagements. While the objective of such use is presumably to permanently prevail over opposition civilian constituencies, the article describes how this actually creates evidence usable for effective restitution of lands and properties subsequent to the war.