试论道教文化对科学技术的影响与启示

道教文化在中国传统文化中占有重要地位,是中国传统文化的主流之一,具有丰富的内容。它不仅对古代科技发展有多重影响和作用,而且对现代科技创新也有重大启示和作用。     

绩效评估对政府制度创新的促进作用

本文首先从绩效评估对政府制度创新的贡献度、绩效评估对地方政府内在创新动力的外化、绩效评估拓宽政府制度创新形式的角度分析了绩效评估对政府的创新作用,同时分析了羁绊制度创新的相关因素,并提出创新的途径,认为这种创新从一开始就应有国际化视野,同时需兼具本土化的特点,才能形成具有中国本土特色的政府制度创新。     

Street-level Enforcement Style: A Multidimensional Measurement Instrument

This study investigates street-level bureaucrats’ enforcement style and its underlying dimensions by developing and validating a multidimensional measurement scale. Developing a measurement scale for enforcement style is relevant because the number of underlying dimensions is contested and studies developing measurement scales are scarce. This complicates cross-sector and cross-national comparisons. Using a survey among inspectors of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, street-level enforcement style is found to comprising three dimensions: (1) legal, (2) facilitation, and (3) accommodation. This study contributes to more validated measurement instruments by presenting a 13-item measure that can be used to study street-level bureaucrats’ enforcement style.     

Avoiding Theoretical Stagnation: A Systematic Review and Framework for Measuring Public Value

Public value theory has become a hot topic in public administration research, but its proponents have long recognised difficulties in empirically testing the theory's central propositions. There has been a lack of clarity about how to measure the extent to which organisations are generating public value, which has rendered researchers unable to quantitatively study the causes, consequences and correlates of public value. The current study systematically reviews the growing literature on public value measurement to identify, evaluate, and synthesise available measures. Through a qualitative synthesis of the themes present in published measures, we identify four key components for measuring public value that appear to be important across a range of policy and national contexts. Our review identifies a promising framework that could be used to structure a comprehensive measure of public value and, in doing so, provides a means to progress theoretical development and testing of the public value approach.     

Measuring state fragility: a review of the theoretical groundings of existing approaches

State fragility has become a resonant term in the development discourse over the past decade. In its early days it served as a catch-all phrase used by donor organisations to draw attention to the need to assist ‘fragile states’. In response to the call for a better understanding of how to deal with these countries, there was a surge in measures of fragility. However, it was not long before academics pointed to the murkiness and fuzziness of the term, and identified several caveats to most of the proposals for quantification. This paper reviews existing approaches to operationalise this concept, distinguishing between those that offer no ranking or only partial rankings of fragile states, and those providing ordinal lists of countries. The examination of their theoretical underpinnings lends support to the critical view that most existing approaches are undermined by a lack of solid theoretical foundations, which leads to confusion between causes, symptoms and outcomes of state fragility.     

The Adoption of Outcome-Related Performance Indicators in External Reporting: An Empirical Study

ABSTRACT

Contemporary government reforms are changing how performance is measured and evaluated, by shifting the focus from inputs and processes to outputs and outcomes. This study uses agency theory, institutional theory, and organizational information processing theory to hypothesize and assess how particular organizational and institutional factors affect the disclosure of outcome information by public organizations, drawing on an empirical analysis of 214 Italian public organizations. Organizational size, mode of service delivery, and the degree of regulation are all strongly associated with the disclosure of outcome indicators in external performance reports.     

让弱势群体拥有更多的机会——以罗尔斯公平机会原则为视角

美国当代哲学家约翰.罗尔斯在1971年出版的《正义论》中提出了正义的公平机会原则,认为所有人都应该有获得公职和社会职位的平等机会。分析罗尔斯正义论的公平机会原则,从机会平等的视角出发,探讨我国弱势群体"没有机会"的社会原因,提出改变他们"没机会"现状的措施。     

浅析高校教学管理人员的管理技能

教学管理人员素质的高低直接影响到教学管理水平和管理效果。高等教育大众化及本科教学工作水平评估对教学管理和教学管理人员的素质、能力提出了更严格的要求。教学管理人员不仅必须具备一定的理论和知识水平,更要掌握一定的管理技能,主要包括技术技能、人际技能和概念技能,还应具备处理突发事件的技能。     

谈《药》的结构对主题的深化

《药》通过明、暗两条线的结构安排,以明线来描述开小茶馆的华老栓一家人的命运,以暗线来叙写革命者夏瑜的故事,来塑造两个主人公,使两个故事通过一个“人血馒头”交织在一起形成了一个艺术整体,从而开拓了作品的思想容量,强化了主题,给人以深刻的印象。     

Quantifying and Ranking Quality for Acquired Recordings on Digital Video Recorders

As the closed-circuit television (CCTV) security industry transitioned from analog media to digital video recorders (DVRs) with digital storage, the law enforcement community struggled with the means with which to collect the recordings. New guidelines needed to be established to determine the collection method which would be efficient as well as provide the best quality evidence from live DVRs. A test design was developed to measure, quantify, and rank the quality of acquisition methods used on live systems from DVRs typically used in digital CCTV systems. The purpose was to determine guidelines for acquiring the best quality video for investigative purposes. A test pattern which provided multiple quantifiable metrics for comparison between the methods of acquisition was used. The methods of acquisition included direct data download of the proprietary file and open file format as well as recording the video playback from the DVR via the available display monitor connections including the composite video, Video Graphics Array (VGA), and high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI). While some acquisition methods may provide the best quality evidence, other methods of acquisition are not to be discounted depending on the situation and need for efficiency. As an investigator that needs to retrieve video evidence from live digital CCTV systems, the proprietary file format, overall, provides the best quality evidence. However, depending on the circumstance and as recording technology continues to evolve, options other than the proprietary file format may provide quality that is equal to or greater than the proprietary file format.