Multidimensional Bullying Victimization Scale: Development and validation

The prevalence of bullying has increased over the past decade and is a public health concern. Existing measures of bullying lack breadth and/or psychometric support, which may inaccurately represent current rates of bullying. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a psychometrically sound measure, the Multidimensional Bullying Victimization Scale (MBVS), to evaluate bullying in adolescents. An initial pool of items was generated and rated by 600 adolescents. Exploratory factor analyses yielded three factors—direct bulling, indirect bullying, and evaluative bullying. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on independent sample of 623 adolescents, supporting the original three-factor solution. Results indicate that the MBVS demonstrates good internal consistency, construct validity, and concurrent validity. The MBVS scores were significantly and positively correlated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The MBVS provides a reliable and valid assessment of adolescents’ experiences with bully victimization.     

刑法中的身份犯散论

身份犯是刑法学中的一个重要范畴 ,通过对各种观点的述评 ,认为 :身份犯是指刑法中具有一定身份的行为人才能构成的犯罪 ,或者具有一定身份的行为人实施某种犯罪予以从严或从宽处罚的情形。身份犯一般可分为纯正身份犯和不纯正身份犯两种 ,从我国现行刑法的规定来看 ,身份犯亦可分为自然人身份犯和单位身份犯。鉴于贪污贿赂犯罪是最为严重的一类身份犯罪 ,建议 :(1)协调贪污、受贿罪与盗窃、诈骗罪的定罪量刑数额标准 ;(2 )纠正贪污、受贿罪死刑适用标准过高的做法 ;(3)同时犯贪污、受贿二罪的 ,实行“二罪一罚” ;(4)提高巨额财产来源不明罪法定刑至死刑。     

三要素侦查法初探

凡事皆有时,凡事皆有地,凡事皆为变。时间、空间、变化三个概念构成了人们认知世界的基本要素。三要素侦查法就是指:研究、寻找犯罪的时间条件、空间条件、变化条件,针对案件在时、空、变三个方面的特定性,全面定位,综合分析,在时、空、变中找线索、求突破。三要素侦查法的实战性运用和预防性运用在侦查工作中意义重大。     

论教育评价在教育中的作用

教育评价是对教育活动效果的价值上的判断,它以教育测量为基础。教育评价对于教育活动质量的提高,教育目标的实现有着重要的不可替代的作用。近年来我国教育评价工作取得了一些成绩,同时也存在一些主要问题,从而影响了我国教育改革的发展步伐。     

人脑挫伤后波形蛋白表达的免疫组化染色观察

目的观察人脑挫伤后波形蛋白（vimentin,Vim）的动态变化,探讨星形胶质细胞Vim表达变化与脑损伤时间的关系。方法42例闭合性脑损伤死亡者,根据伤后死亡时间分为6组（〈2h,〈24h,〈3d,〈7d,〈14d,≤30d）;取大脑挫伤灶进行HE和Vim免疫组织化学染色,对Vim染色阳性细胞面积进行图像分析。结果HE染色显示,脑挫伤后2h挫伤灶内脑组织挫碎、出血,5．5h挫伤灶周出现反应性星形胶质细胞,3d脑水肿明显,7d反应性星形胶质细胞明显增多,14d胶质结节形成,30d出现大量泡沫细胞,胶质瘢痕增多。Vim染色结果显示,脑挫伤后5．5hVim开始表达,少量Vim阳性细胞出现在挫伤灶周围,7d阳性反应性最强,14d逐渐下降,30d胶质瘢痕增多,Vim阳性表达又增强。Vim阳性细胞主要为反应性星形胶质细胞。结论Vim在反应性星形胶质细胞内表达呈现一定波动性,其表达部位在脑挫伤周围,Vim免疫组化染色结合图像分析技术可作为推断脑挫伤时间及部位的参考指标。     

尸源认定困难与高科技认定方法

查明死者身源是侦破凶杀案件的突破口 ,法医运用医学的原理和方法 ,认定某具无名尸体、尸骨、碎尸块等是否就是某人或属于某人 ,为辨认无名尸体提供科学依据。但从实际情况看 ,这种认定尸源的方法受到了严峻的挑战 ,使有的案件无从下手而成为积案。高科技测定血液 (血痕 )、精液 (精斑 )、毛发、骨胳、人体组织 ,使认定尸源得到重大突破。     

基于板蓝根中（R,S）-告伊春含量研究板蓝根加工方法

目的 研究不同干燥方法及软化切制方法对板蓝根中（R,S）-告伊春含量的影响,从而建立提升黑龙江产板蓝根质量的加工方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱法对板蓝根中（R,S）-告伊春含量进行测定,比较晒干与烘干板蓝根药材的（R,S）-告伊春含量差异,比较不同投料形式板蓝根颗粒和饮片中（R,S）-告伊春含量差异。结果 60 ℃烘干后的板蓝根药材中（R,S）-告伊春含量高于晒干的板蓝根药材,且能明显缩短板蓝根药材的产地干燥时间;经软化切制的板蓝根饮片中（R,S）-告伊春含量明显高于板蓝根粗颗粒。结论 在板蓝根产地加工过程中,可用烘干法代替晒干法;以板蓝根药材作为中成药投料,建议采用软化切制后的板蓝根饮片。     

用电子计算机图象处理方法测定人体体表损伤面积

本研究从应用出发，以摄像头和扫描仪作为输入源，用计算机Ｃ语言开发了对不规则形状的人体体表损伤面积的大小和灰度进行测定的应用软件。该软件具有操作简单、速度快和正确性好等特点。本研究工作的成果已初步应用于我所法医临床伤害鉴定的实践。     

Parsimony in the Study of Tolerance and Intolerance

In replying to Mondak and Sanders, I introduce the notion of ``Kelvinist tolerance,' or an absolute absence of any intolerance whatsoever. I contend that while we can imagine such an extreme level of tolerence, in our empirical world it occurs about as frequently as the absolute zero of the Kelvin scale of temperature. Consequently, I reject the assertion of Mondak and Sanders that special statistical approaches are essential for analyzing tolerance, arguing instead in favor of parsimony in both conceptualization and analytical strategies.     

Initial Development of a New Measure of Minor Stress for Adolescents: The Adolescent Minor Stress Inventory

The primary aim of this study was to develop, standardize, and establish initial reliability and validity for the Adolescent Minor Stress Inventory (AMSI), a new measure of minor stress for adolescents. The AMSI improves upon existing adolescent stress measures in a number of important ways in that it does not emphasize school or classroom-based stressors, and includes a method of adjusting for the over- and underreporting of stress. In this investigation, the AMSI was mailed to 1865 adolescents aged 13–17 from which we obtained 720 (39%) usable surveys. Standardized scoring was developed and the results provide initial data supporting the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the AMSI. The AMSI has potential application both in clinical and research settings, particularly during times when school is not in session or with adolescents who do not regularly attend school.Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from Louisiana State University in 1999. Research interests include psychological stress and nicotine dependence treatment in adolescents and young adults.Professor Emeritus, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN. Received MS in Statistics from Iowa State University in 1971. Research interests include survey research, nicotine dependence treatment, and biostatistics.Data Analyst, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received BS in Applied Statistics from Rochester Institute of Technology in 2000. Research interests include nicotine dependence and survey methods.Associate Professor, Nicotine Dependence Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from University of California, San Diego in 1996. Research interests include nicotine dependence in adolescents.Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received PhD in Clinical Psychology from University of North Dakota in 1980. Research interests include impact of trauma.Statistician, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received MS in Applied Mathmatics from University of Minnesota, Duluth in 1999. Research interests include nicotine dependence.Professor, Nicotine Dependence Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Received MD from University of Louisville in 1970. Research interest in area of tobacco dependence.