A Pretty Fine Line: Life, Death, Autonomy and Letting it B

The cases of Diane Pretty and Ms B. raise crucial issues about decision-making and autonomy at the end of life. Ms B. was permitted her wish to die rather than live permanently dependent upon a ventilator because her case was constructed as one about withholding consent to medical treatment, which every adult with capacity has a right to do. Mrs Pretty, however, sought active intervention to end her life. Requiring assistance to die, and claiming that this was her human right, she sought an assurance that her husband would not be prosecuted if he helped her. Her claim was rejected and the assurance refused. The cases prompt questions about the nature of autonomy, the influence of others and the different way sin which medical and legal decisions are made. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

More than a Woman? Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Medical Law

This article examines law’s representation of embodied female identity in the context of two medical law cases, R. v. Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, ex parte Blood andB v. Croydon Health Authority. Through an examination of contemporary critiques of female embodiment, in particular the work of Judith Butler, two discursive strategies are suggested for their potential to reconfigure the sexed subject within legal discourse. Firstly, the act of transgression – the flight from purportedly fixed subject positions – can be read in the case of Bloodand calls into question law’s ability to contain and sustain sexed identity as prediscursive and immutable. Secondly, the exposure of the historical formation of the female subjects of legal discourse, demonstrated through a genealogical reading of B v. Croydon Health Authority, contributes to the feminist theoretical project to destabilise traditional gender categories and enables us to think beyond the category of ‘Woman’. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

美国医疗保险制度改革的历史考察与理论检省

医疗保险法制改革是困扰世界各国的难题,而美国从20世纪初叶开始起步、至奥巴马完成的医疗保险制度的改革,充分考虑到美国的社会需求,走公私结合,政府强力推行和改革内容适当妥协相辅,革命性和渐进性兼顾的医保改革的道路,并在政府干预与市场自由的适度制度构架、多元利益(权利)的平衡妥协、政治精英与民众及媒体的协商互动等方面,形成了独具特色的公共政策制定路线和合法性供给策略。奥巴马"医改"法案的成功实施,不仅实现了美国医疗保险制度的重大突破,也为中国的医疗保险制度改革提供了有益的借鉴。     

强制医疗程序解释学研究

2012年刑事诉讼法修改过程中新增的“依法不负刑事责任的精神病人强制医疗程序”具有深刻的立法需要,但这一新增程序的法律规定仍显粗放,一系列解释学问题需要予以分析.强制医疗本身是保安处分性质的预防性措施,强制医疗程序是刑事司法程序且为独立于定罪程序的独立程序.在强制医疗程序实施过程中,迫切需要解释强制医疗的适用条件、临时的保护性约束措施、申请期间与管辖以及执行等方面问题,方可确保法律规定的真正贯彻落实.     

强制医疗理论问题研究

以强制医疗的基础概念"精神病"和"精神障碍"作为逻辑起点,结合理论发展和最新立法规定,提出概念应统一于"精神障碍"。厘清基础概念之后,分别对"强制医疗"和"强制医疗程序"进行了法律分析,明确强制医疗为一种保安处分,强制医疗程序为一种特别诉讼程序,应当具有诉讼化的构造,并对强制医疗程序的必要性进行分析。强制医疗程序作为一种特别程序,其建立具有重要意义:在实体法意义方面,对关于保安处分的研究及立法形成了倒逼;在程序法意义方面,对刑事诉讼目的进行了拓展。     

一起涉嫌“医托”无证行医案查处的思考

笔者通过对一起涉嫌“医托”无证行医案件的剖析，指出了“医托”无证行医的新动向，进而就其现象的产生进行了深入的分析和思考。     

我国新型农村合作医疗制度的特点、问题与对策

我国新型农村合作医疗制度在全面推进中存在的主要问题有：农民参合积极性不高；管理体制不健全；“新农合”基金筹资成本大，补偿标准不尽合理，补偿能力有限；医疗监管难度系数较大；立法滞后，政策不过硬；缺乏合理的人才机制；等等。今后，需要从几个方面着手规范与完善：加强管理机构和管理服务能力建设；扩大筹资渠道，建立长效机制；改善与外部的关系，形成良好的互动局面；尽快建立城乡一体的医疗保障制度和管理制度；强化新型农村合作医疗监管，提高管理效率；加快相关立法，确保新型农村医疗保障制度政策的稳定性；加强“新农合”人力资源建设，重视乡镇卫生院人才培养；等等。     

我国城乡医疗保障存在差距的原因及应对策略

我国城乡医疗保障在覆盖面、筹资水平、卫生资源分配、运行效果等方面都存在较大的差距。要改变医疗保障的二元结构,必须从四个方面完善我国农村医疗保障制度,逐步消除我国城乡在医疗保障方面存在的差距。     

论精神病人强制医疗制度

我国虽然已经建立精神病人强制医疗制度，但在实体法和程序法中都没有进一步明确具体的规定，导致精神病人强制医疗措施实施时常会陷入法律困境，社会防卫和精神病人权利保障之间失衡。建议完善相关法律法规，增设精神病人强制医疗机构，合理设计费用负担，强化精神病人监护人监护职责落实加强事前监管，做好精神病人违法犯罪防控工作，切实保障精神病人权益。     

找寻法律本身——成都市武侯区人民法院医疗纠纷案件调查报告

医疗纠纷是当下社会的热点问题。面对医疗纠纷解决难的困境,唯有从医疗纠纷的症结入手,才有可能缓解甚至解决当下的医患冲突。通过本次调研,我们发现医患冲突并没有如人们想象的尖锐,对于证据、鉴定、告知义务等医疗纠纷的相关问题,都需要进一步地探索;而医疗纠纷的解决途径更应该是多元化的。总之,医疗纠纷的解决根本途径在于,通过前期预防制度的设计以防止纠纷的发生,而后期的解决制度应该起到真正的、积极的解决纠纷的作用,在功能上不可陷入被动和僵化。