Responsible research and innovation training programmes: implementation and evaluation of the HEIRRI project

Responsible research and innovation, or RRI, is a concept that aims to bring together society and science for a better future. There are six key elements of RRI: public engagement, gender equality, science education, open access, ethics and governance. Higher Education Institutions and Responsible Research and Innovation (HEIRRI) project aimed to bring the concept of RRI into the educational system. Using state-of-the-art review of good practices, HEIRRI team developed 10 training programmes on RRI for different higher education institution educational levels, including a summer school and a massive open online course (MOOC). We conducted pilot of the trainings and evaluated participants' experiences. Satisfaction with HEIRRI training programmes on responsible research and innovation was high, both for participants and for the trainers, and trainings raised awareness of RRI. Participants' feedback was used to identify areas that need improvement and provided for recommendations for final versions of the HEIRRI training programmes. In order to equip researchers with skills to recognize and apply RRI values, RRI should be included in their education. HEIRRI training is suitable for a range of different disciplines, including forensic science, and is free to use and adjust for specific contexts (available from: https://rri-tools.eu/heirri-training-programmes).     

Escape from the Laboratory: Ethnographic Methods in the Study of Elder and Family Court Mediation

The randomized control trial and pre/post research designs are commonly used in applied research and provide common standards for mediation evaluation research. These approaches have many benefits, particularly for evaluating whether mediation as an experimental intervention works or not. Scholars and practitioners, however, want to know not only whether mediation can work as expected but also how it works in a range of real‐world contexts over time. In these contexts, ideal experimental conditions are less likely to occur. Challenges include such circumstances as the following: the number of cases suitable for statistical comparison is insufficient; researchers lack control over how mediation is implemented; researchers lack clear, objective variables to measure; and the variability of mediation outcomes when studied over time makes it difficult to draw conclusions about them. My research has involved each of these challenges, and I have used ethnographic research as a way to evaluate mediation in these contexts. In this article, I explain ethnographic methods and present two studies as examples of mediation evaluation research that began with a standard program evaluation design, and then incorporated ethnography to allow more complete data collection and analysis. My purpose here is not to argue that experimental methods in mediation evaluation research should be displaced but rather to demonstrate how ethnographic methods can be used when the conditions necessary for standard evaluation cannot be met. The two studies used as examples are from an elder mediation study in Ghana and a family court mediation study in the United States.     

The effects of the (fentanyl-fueled) drug overdose epidemic on medicolegal death investigation in the United States

The evolving opioid epidemic in the United States, fueled by illicit fentanyl, has greatly increased deaths from illicit drug use. These nonnatural deaths require formal death investigation. The National Association of Medical Examiners states in its Forensic Autopsy Performance Standards that autopsy remains a necessary component for proper investigation of suspected acute overdose deaths. If a death investigation office lacks adequate resources to investigate all deaths under its jurisdiction while meeting expected standards, then that office may be forced to consider altering its protocols for investigation by changing the types of deaths investigated or the extent of its investigations. Drug death investigations take longer to complete because novel illicit drugs and mixtures of drugs complicate toxicological analyses, prolonging a family's wait for completion of a death certificate and autopsy report. Public health agencies must also wait for results, but some agencies have developed mechanisms for rapid notification of preliminary results to allow timely deployment of public health resources. The increased deaths have strained the resources of medicolegal death investigation systems throughout the United States. Given the significant workforce shortage of forensic pathologists, newly trained forensic pathologists are too few to meet the demand. Nevertheless, forensic pathologists (and all pathologists) must make time to present their work and themselves to medical students and pathology trainees to encourage an understanding of the importance of quality medicolegal death investigation and autopsy pathology and to provide a model that can encourage interest in a career in forensic pathology.     

The emperor has no clothes: A systemic view of the status and future of child custody evaluation (CCE)

For all of the time, effort, and money invested in child custody evaluation (CCE) and for all of evaluators' emphases on collecting empirically sound data, CCE is not itself an empirically robust process. The reliability, validity, efficacy, and efficiency of CCE has never yet been adequately demonstrated. The science has yet even to define and measure the variables that constitute a healthy family, much less how one is to measure and recommend changes for conflicted systems in the midst of tectonic transitions. This article proposes five ways in which family law professionals and the culture at large should work to better serve the needs of our children: (1) the establishment of proactive parenting and co-parenting education intended to diminish the frequency and magnitude of family conflict and improve the quality of child and family functioning; (2) the introduction of organized incentives that motivate healthy parenting and co-parenting practices as opposed to negative consequences that do too-little, too-late; (3) a greater emphasis on social equity, cultural humility, and universal professional training; (4) the creation of ethical guidelines that disconnect continuing conflict from professional income; and (5) outcome research that feeds back into the evolution of these and related processes.     

经管类高职院校产学研结合的途径探析

产学研结合是高等职业教育发展的必然。进行产学研结合对培养应用型人才、提高教师素质和完善专业建设都有着重要意义。经管类高职院校可以从办学模式、教学活动、服务咨询、参与企业生产经营等方面开展产学研结合工作。     

关于学术期刊收取版面费问题的研究

版面费也叫文章发表费,一般指正式学术期刊刊用作者的文章后其期刊编辑部向作者收取的现金费用。版面费伴随着我国向市场经济的转变而出现于20世纪80年代末期。学术期刊收取版面费是学术期刊办刊人为适应市场经济条件下学术期刊的发展要求而作出的尝试。     

关于挪用公款罪犯罪客体争议问题的研究述评

近几年来,学者们关于挪用公款罪犯罪客体问题存在诸多争议,文章试对其中的主要观点作以评述,明确了公共财产所有权作为挪用公款罪犯罪客体的新的内涵,界定了公款、公物、有价证券三个犯罪对象的范围,以期进一步深化挪用公款罪犯罪客体的研究,为刑法理论工作者提供有借鉴份值的资料。     

女性主义国际关系理论:主题的转换与演进

女性主义国际关系理论产生于20世纪80年代中后期。从研究主题的变化看,女性主义国际关系理论的发展大体经历了两个阶段。第一个阶段,挖掘主流范式性别中立背后的性别故事,批判主流范式的男性特征,将妇女与妇女问题引入国际关系;第二个阶段,与主流范式就性别与国际关系、女性主义议题和女性主义方法论等问题展开论争,实现从国际关系的"女性化"到真正性别化的转变。目前,女性主义国际关系理论开启了理论体系和方法伦建构的进程,这是女性主义国际关系理论发展成为成熟理论范式的必由之路。     

简论农村合作医疗的立法原则

新型农村合作医疗制度是推进社会主义新农村建设的重要内容之一,这项制度的全面实行必须有赖于立法的保障。本文仅就农村合作医疗制度立法保障中的立法原则、责任和监管主体、立法形式和立法协调等几个问题进行了探讨,并提出了在现阶段此项制度的推行必须采取自愿参与和隐性强制相结合的原则等新观点。     

医疗损害举证责任之缓和规则

医疗损害举证责任缓和是指在诉讼中患方的举证达到一定的程度,无法达到法律要求的证明标准情况下,实行举证责任转换,由医方承担举证责任的一种举证责任规则。它是一种不同于举证责任倒置的,有效平衡医患双方当事人在诉讼中举证能力的,充分体现诉讼武器平等原则的举证责任制度。在患方的证明具有相当程度因果关系的可能性、医方无法证明医疗行为与损害结果之间没有因果关系及具备对此种因果关系推定的基础性条件的情况下,才能适用医疗损害举证责任缓和规则。在我国现行立法规定的举证责任规则不能完全保护患方权益的情况下,为了提高诉讼效率,公正、合理地裁判医疗损害纠纷案件,有必要在法律上引入和构建举证责任缓和规则。