社会医疗保险改革对商业健康保险发展的影响

社会医疗保险与商业健康保险可以相互替代、相互补充。我国当前正在进行的社会医疗保险改革强化了被保险人个人的医疗责任,减轻了政府医疗负担,对于商业健康保险的发展具有积极影响,也给商业健康保险带来了广阔的发展空间和有利的发展契机。     

从封闭到开放:教育研究方法范式的转换

我国教育学术界主要存在两种研究方法的范式,二者存在着矛盾与竞争,尤其表现为主张实证研究的学者往往反对思辨研究.其实,将任何一种方法范式的合法性强调到极端,而拒斥其他的研究方法,都是片面的.封闭的教育研究方法范式不仅会限制研究者的学术兴趣、学术视野和学术创新能力,而且往往会导致研究目的、研究过程甚至研究结论被局限在其方法所允许的比较狭隘的范围之内.因此,教育学术界应当超越封闭的方法范式,以实现以下三个转向:从封闭到开放,从控制到解放,从霸权到民主.只有如此,教育学才可能充满活力、具有学科竞争力和影响力.     

对繁荣地区暂住人口情况的调研

文章通过对鞍山市铁西区繁荣地区暂住人口情况的调查,将该辖区内的暂住人口进行分类,并分析了暂住人口管理的实际情况,进而提出对暂住人口管理工作的几点思考.     

Chronicling the Complexification of Negotiation Theory and Practice

The essay reviews the content of twenty-five years of Negotiation Journal , identifying themes and issues explored on its pages in the past, the current issues challenging the field's scholars and practitioners, and the issues likely to confront us in the future. It argues that while we in the field hoped for simple, elegant, and universal theories of negotiation and conflict resolution, the last twenty-five years have demonstrated the increasing complexification of negotiation theory and practice, from increased numbers of parties and issues, and dilemmas of intertemporal commitments, ethics, accountability, and relationships of private action to public responsibility.     

新型农村合作医疗制度中的政府职能定位

新型农村合作医疗制度的建设关系到广大农民的切身利益和农村社会稳定的大局,是社会主义新农村建设的重要组成部分。随着新型农村合作医疗制度的实施,暴露出一些亟待解决的问题,强化政府在该制度中的主导性地位成为解决问题的关键。政府作为公共产品及服务的提供主体,必须在新型农村合作医疗制度中发挥关键作用。在制度设计中充分体现"以人为本"的理念,改善农民的医疗条件,更好地维护农民的切身利益,为我国新型农村合作医疗制度构建做出新的贡献。     

近十年来民主党派监督职能研究述评

各民主党派在国家的社会主义建设事业中发挥着越来越重要的作用。民主监督的职能长期以来都是理论界研究的热点问题,并取得了一系列显著的研究成果。     

Intensity and Breadth of Participation in Organized Activities During the Adolescent Years: Multiple Associations with Youth Outcomes

The goal of this study was to examine initial levels and rates of change in the intensity and breadth of participation in organized activities during the adolescent years, and how these participation practices were related to youth outcomes in later adolescence. The main objectives were (a) to examine growth curves of intensity and breadth of participation from Grades 7 through 11 and their interrelations, and (b) to test the associations between these dimensions of participation and academic orientation, risky behaviors, internalizing problems, and civic development in Grade 11. A homogenous sample of 299 youth (mean age = 13.37, SD = .41; 62% girls) were surveyed annually using questionnaires and phone interviews. The main results revealed that (a) even though both intensity and breadth of participation decreased over time, intensity of participation showed steeper declines by later grades, and (b) initial levels of participation were better predictors of later outcomes than rates of change over time. Regardless of the levels of change taking place over time, results revealed that youth with high initial levels of participation (both intensity and breadth) were more committed to school and developed more positive values towards society by Grade 11 than those who participated less. This might suggest that a high level of participation during early-to-mid-adolescence is particularly important when it comes to later outcomes.     

关于医疗纠纷的法律适用问题

近些年,随着人们法律意识的不断增强,特别是对医疗单位的要求越来越高,使医疗部门成为高风险行业,由此形成了诸多医疗纠纷。如何合理合法的解决好医患纠纷,不仅是医疗机构亟待解决的问题,更是影响到百姓民生的大事情。笔者通过调查实践,从医疗纠纷存在类型、如何选择医疗鉴定、何种情况适用司法鉴定以及适用赔偿标准等方面加以论述。     

African biomedical scientists and the promises of “big science”

Abstract

An ongoing genomic revolution in biology has exponentially increased the rate, possibilities, scope and cost of biological research. Infectious disease genomics are often justified by the potential they have to ameliorate Africa’s disease burden. The molecular biology revolution that preceded genomic science widened the gap between the skill sets of many African biologists and their contemporaries elsewhere. Gap closure through genomics and the application of genomic data to health problems requires participation of, and leadership from, African scientists. However, few African scientists participate in genomics, and providing biological samples is their predominant contribution. Health-related applications are emerging from genomic activity for some infectious diseases that are endemic in Africa but not for many others. This article argues that the arrival of next-generation diagnostics, surveillance tools, drugs and vaccines could be accelerated by improving the nature and degree of participation of African scientists in genomic and post-genomic inquiry.     

Institutional memory,institutional capacity: narratives of failed biomedical encounters in East Africa

Abstract

This paper focuses on a series of failed medical encounters that took place in East Africa in the 1950s and after, and explores how the organizations involved ? the Kenyan Division of Insect Borne Diseases, the East African Medical Survey, and the Tanzanian National Institute of Medical Research ? chose to document and remember these events. The examples focus on medical encounters characterized by disagreements and miscommunications that stymied productive work. In each case, failures were remembered in very stylized and restructured ways that stressed the validity of the science and the valor of the scientists while drawing on tropes of African communities as irrational and superstitious. Capacity is built and maintained by having a functional institutional memory, which includes recounting failure and an ability to integrate knowledge from failure, leading to new approaches. It is found that remembering failures in such stylized forms systematically diminished the functionality of their institutional memory.