浅谈电子商务与房地产供应链管理

电子商务的兴起对供应链管理的现代化提供了有效的手段,并将对各个行业的运作模式产生巨大的冲击。利用电子商务改造房地产业务供应链可以有效地整合供应链上的多种资源,提高产业效率,并且便利了政府对房地产业的管理,因此已经成为房地产业务供应链管理的新趋势。     

创造良好外部环境 促进中小企业发展

中小企业的发展受到许多外部条件的制约 ,如 :缺乏统一的宏观管理体制 ;缺乏公平的经济政策环境 ;融资环境不顺畅 ;社会化服务体系和法律保障体系不健全等。为促进我国中小企业的发展 ,结合我国国情 ,提出如下建议 :解放思想 ,转变观念 ;建立统一的中小企业管理机构 ;建立政策性融资渠道 ;发展创新直接融资渠道和间接融资渠道 ;建立健全社会化服务体系以及法律保障体系     

Public Perceptions of Benefits from and Worries over Plant‐Made Industrial Products and Plant‐Made Pharmaceuticals: The Influence of Institutional Trust

Although agricultural biotechnology has been a seminal reference point in risk perception studies, public awareness of their exposure to risk deriving from this new technology has been minimal at best. However, recent events indicate there may be growing public concern as new variations of this technology appear. Understanding what drives perceptions of benefits from the third generation of the agricultural biotechnology and what determines public worries are keys for the future of this technology. To this end, this study analyzes survey data from the midsouth region of the United States to construct four separate regression models of perceived benefits from and worries over plant‐made industrial products and plant‐made pharmaceuticals. Findings suggest that while prior experience with and knowledge about agricultural biotechnology has an impact on perceptions of benefits and worries, trust in farmers plays a highly important role in determining perceptions.     

Universities and State Policy Formation: Rationalizing a Nanotechnology Strategy in Pennsylvania

Technology‐based economic development programs have become a salient feature of the state policy landscape since the 1980s. While much research exists on the topic, little attention has been given to the processes of policy formation. State programs have moved towards high technology areas emphasized at the federal level over the past decades, and nanotechnology became one of the latest targets. This paper examines the eight‐year process through which Pennsylvania adopted a “state‐wide strategy,” culminating in the Pennsylvania Initiative for Nanotechnology. In this process, programs that responded to the interests of multiple agents came first, and a state policy was formulated after the fact. This pattern of “rationalized policy formation,” as opposed to rational policy formation, may be more common than suspected. Its strengths and weaknesses in this Pennsylvania case are discussed.     

Limits to non‐state market regulation: A qualitative comparative analysis of the international sport footwear industry and the Fair Labor Association

Non‐state market regulation has become a central focus and continues to receive scholarly attention. The present paper provides an assessment of the conditions under which multinational firms join a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The cases of the Fair labor Association and 17 international sport footwear companies have been selected for this purpose. A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of the 17 cases is performed. The paper argues that the combination of sustained NGO pressure and public ownership of a firm is a necessary precondition for firms joining a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The theoretical and policy implications of this result are discussed.     

Hair as a specimen to document tetramethylene disulfotetramine exposure

Tetramethylene disulfotetramine (tetramine) is a rodenticide that has been banned for many years in China. Since 2005, inhabitants of a village in the Henan Province have been suffering from grand mal seizures. To investigate the possibility of tetramine as the cause, we developed a method to determine tetramine in human hair. Sample preparation involved external decontamination, frozen pulverization, and ultrasonication in 2 mL ethyl acetate in the presence of cocaine-d3 as an internal standard. The method exhibited good linearity; calibration curve was linear over a range of 0.1-20 ng/mg hair. The limit of detection for the assay was 0.05 ng/mg hair. Except for one subject (No. 4), all head and pubic hair samples were positive for tetramine. The concentrations of tetramine in pubic hair were significantly higher than those in the same subjects' head hair samples. Because of a long retention in body, segmental head hair analysis cannot provide an accurate exposure history of tetramine in the body.     

益气补肾化瘀方治疗早期糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的 观察益气补肾化瘀方治疗早期糖尿病肾病的临床疗效。方法 将64例早期糖尿病肾病患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组32例。对照组服用缬沙坦,治疗组服用缬沙坦和益气补肾化瘀方,疗程均为12周。比较两组治疗前后中医证候积分、血糖、血压、尿白蛋白排泄率（urinary albumin excretion rate,UAER）、24h尿蛋白定量(24-hour urine protein, 24hUP)、尿白蛋白与尿肌酐比值（urine albumin to creatinine ratio,UACR）变化情况。结果 治疗组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗组治疗后中医证候积分显著下降(P＜0.05),治疗组治疗后中医证候积分降低值显著大于对照组(P＜0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后空腹血糖（fasting plasma glucose,FPG）、收缩压、UAER、24hUP、UACR均显著降低(P＜0.05）,治疗组治疗后FPG、UAER、24hUP、UACR降低值显著大于对照组(P＜0.05）。结论 益气补肾化瘀方可提高早期糖尿病肾病患者的临床疗效,减少尿蛋白。     

复发性流产肾虚证小鼠子宫蜕膜组织miRNA表达谱检测及生物信息学分析

目的 探讨微小RNA（microRNA,miRNA）在复发性流产（repeated spontaneous abortion,RSA）肾虚证小鼠子宫蜕膜组织中的表达特征。方法 运用基因芯片技术对所采集的正常对照组和RSA小鼠蜕膜组织进行miRNA检测,运用Genespring软件对miRNA进行筛选及功能分析。应用生物信息学方法分析差异表达的miRNA及其靶向基因在RSA发生、发展中的作用。结果 芯片检测结果显示正常对照组和RSA肾虚证组筛选出差异表达的miRNA共有63条（22条上调、41条下调）,实时荧光定量PCR验证的miRNA的表达情况与miRNA芯片结果一致。京都基因与基因组百科全书通路富集分析及基因本体分析显示,其差异表达的miRNA涉及到PI3K-Akt信号通路、细胞吞噬通路、癌症通路、黏着斑通路、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调控通路、轴突导向信号、MAPK信号通路、PAP-1信号通路等。结论 RSA肾虚证小鼠子宫蜕膜组织中存在差异表达的micro RNA,可能涉及RSA肾虚证的发生、发展。     

Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

The Effects of Local Government Consolidation on Turnout: Evidence from a Quasi‐Experiment in Switzerland

In the last decades, municipal mergers have been one major element of local government reforms in Switzerland and beyond. In this article, we describe and analyze the political effects of this development. We use a quasi‐experimental setting to test the impact of municipal mergers on electoral participation. We find that in merged municipalities, the decrease in turnout is significantly stronger than in non‐merged municipalities. Further, the effect is more pronounced in relatively small localities. There is a temporal dimension to this effect—that is, turnout drops mainly in the first election after the first merger, but not so much after the second or third merger. Hence, the study provides a skeptical yet differentiated perspective on the democratic consequences of municipal mergers and points to further research avenues to develop a more comprehensive understanding of local government consolidation.