Intersectoral differences in public affairs: the duty of public reporting in public administration

Public reporting is a requirement for public affairs practitioners in public administration because of the democratic context in which government operates. By reporting to the public‐at‐large on agency activities, government agencies contributed to an informed citizenry, the essential foundation of a democracy. For public affairs in business administration and non‐profit administration, public reporting is desirable rather than mandatory. Public reporting was traditionally accomplished indirectly, through news media coverage of government. However, recent research suggests a diminution of interest by the media in fulfilling its role as an instrument of democracy. This means that the public reporting obligation of public affairs professionals in public administration needs to shift to direct reporting, through such products as annual reports, newsletters, TV programmes, Internet websites etc. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.     

受精液和受精时间对牦牛卵泡卵母细胞体外受精的影响

利用屠宰牦牛卵巢,抽取其表面2~5 mm的卵泡内卵母细胞,经体外成熟后分别用BO液和改良Tyrode’s液进行体外受精研究。结果表明,BO液受精6 h和改良Tyrode’s液分别受精6 h和18 h,牦牛体外受精卵的卵裂率差异不显著(分别为52.48%、47.67%和50.00%,P>0.05)。它们的4细胞发育率分别为75.47%、78.05%和64.10%,8细胞发育率分别为56.60%、56.10%和48.72%,使用改良Tyrode’s液受精18 h的发育率最低,与其他2组相比,差异极显著(P<0.01);而受精时间同为6 h时,2种受精液之间发育率的差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

Human Rights and Unfair Dismissal: Private Acts in Public Spaces

This article addresses the termination of employment because of the conduct of the employee in her leisure time, in the light of the right to private life. It explores the impact on the retention of employment of activities taking place outside the workplace and outside working hours, and argues that the approach of UK courts and tribunals, which is based on a primarily spatial conceptualisation of privacy, is flawed. A fresh approach to privacy, resting on the idea of domination, is proposed, which is sensitive to the particularities of the employment relationship. Considering the fairness enquiry in dismissal, it argues that off‐duty conduct may lead to lawful termination of employment only if there is a clear and present impact or a high likelihood of such impact on business interests; a speculative and marginal danger does not suffice. It further proposes that a particularly meticulous test is appropriate when certain suspect categories, such as the employees' sexual preferences, are at stake.     

荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座多态性

目的建立荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座检测分型方法,并对成都汉族群体4个基因座的遗传多态性进行调查。方法用6-FAM标记D1S2142和D15S659引物,HEX、TMR分别标记D14S306和D13S1492引物,PCR复合扩增,310基因分析仪电泳自动收集电泳结果数据,GeneScan Analysis Software3.7NT软件计算扩增产物片段相对大小,Genotyper(3.7NT软件进行样本基因型分型,建立了荧光标记复合扩增检测4个STR基因座基因型的方法,对145名成都汉族无关个体样本进行分型。结果荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座,每个STR基因座都获得了清晰的基因型分型结果。145份样本,4个STR基因座分别检出10,14,7,12个等位基因和22,54,21,39种基因型,其基因型分布均符合Hardy-W e inberg平衡。4个基因座在成都汉族群体的杂合度分别依次为0.7793,0.8345,0.7793和0.8345;多态信息含量分别依次为:0.7656,0.8730,0.7470和0.8312。累计非父排除率为0.9783,累计个人识别机率为0.9999 917。结论荧光标记复合扩增D1S2142,D13S1492,D14S306,D15S659基因座,可实现对每个基因座准确分型;成都汉族群体该4个基因座的遗传学数据,可为群体遗传学和法医学研究与应用提供基础资料。     

当前我国慈善捐赠不足的原因及对策研究

捐赠不足是我国慈善组织面临的一个严峻问题。造成慈善捐赠不足的原因是复杂的,我们必须有的放矢,采取多种措施,在全社会形成踊跃捐赠的机制和氛围,促进我国慈善捐赠事业的发展。     

转型中的俄罗斯新闻传播

自戈尔巴乔夫推行“公开性”改革以来，大众传媒就扮演着改革的心脏与脉搏的角色。在经过了传播自由的洗礼与媒体转型期的动荡之后，俄罗斯传媒开始朝着多元化、私有化、市场化的方向自由发展。     

A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF MANDATORY PARENT EDUCATION*

In an effort to take positive steps toward coping with problems for families and children created by high levels of separation and divorce, ever increasing civil caseloads and the exposure of children to interparental conflict, court‐affiliated educational programs have emerged in the United States for parents separating from their spouse or partner or going through a divorce. This article will provide an overview of the creation of such programs and their development, which includes a discussion regarding the numerous states currently mandating parents to attend. It will summarize some of the research which has been conducted as to the efficacy of the programs and will provide the results of our nationwide research for each state's parent education status. There is a discussion of domestic violence issues and sensitivities in the context of parent education programs and possible future directions for mandatory parent education.     

媒体诽谤与权力造罪

从编发短信"诽谤"县领导被判有罪,发展到报道诽谤案的记者也被以诽谤罪立案侦查,这不仅仅是一个罪与非罪的判断问题。坚持罪刑法定原则同样要遵守程序法,司法机关不能轻易将涉嫌诽谤的自诉案件转换为公诉程序启动。对进行负面报道的记者,以诽谤罪立案值得高度警惕。开这样的先例,已经危害到正当的舆论监督权,乃至国民普遍的民主权利。避免权力造罪必须重新反思官员的"官"意识,归根到底是要进一步强化官员的公仆观,尤其是对滥用公权力者,如果尚未构成犯罪,也应令其承担相应的其他不利后果。     

山东省动漫产业发展现状与对策研究

动漫产业作为21世纪最具潜力的产业之一目前它已成为许多国家的支柱产业，被越来越多的国家所重视。山东省在发展动漫产业方面有自己的优势，但受多种因素制约目前仍处于起步状态，进一步推动动漫产业的发展，对于提升我省产业发展水平，优化产业结构具有不可低估的作用。因此要认真分析我省动漫产业发展的实际状况，制定适合自己的发展战略，采取各种措施促进山东动漫产业的崛起。