犯罪何以增多——贪污腐化是罪魁祸首

现阶段贪污腐化对犯罪增长的影响,主要有三个方面一是贪污腐化本身就是犯罪,直接导致犯罪增多;二是贪污腐化败坏社会风气,诱发其他犯罪,并且贪污分子还充当黑恶势力保护伞;三是利用职权直接参与犯罪活动.     

Media Exposure, Current and Future Body Ideals, and Disordered Eating Among Preadolescent Girls: A Longitudinal Panel Study

Internalization of the thin body ideal is considered by many to account for the relationship between media exposure and disordered eating among girls and young women, but almost all supporting research has employed adolescent and adult samples. Using longitudinal panel survey data collected from 257 preadolescent girls at 2 points in time 1 year apart, we tested relationships between self-reported television and magazine exposure at wave 1 and current (prepubescent) and future (postpubescent) body ideals and disordered eating at wave 2. Controlling age, race, perceived body size, and body ideals and disordered eating measured at wave 1, television viewing at wave 1 predicted increased disordered eating and a thinner postpubescent body ideal at wave 2. In contrast, none of the media variables predicted a thinner prepubescent body ideal at wave 2. These findings suggest that the thin-ideal internalization construct needs refinement to enhance its developmental sensitivity.

论刑事法律关系“三元结构模式”的建立

长期以来,刑事法学理论的研究基本上是从犯罪人(加害方)的角度着手的,很少从被害人(受害方)视角去考察。但作为确定刑事法学研究架构的刑事法律关系,其主体应当包含被害人,即应将传统的刑事法律关系———犯罪人与国家的"二元结构模式"改造为犯罪人、被害人和国家的"三元结构模式"。     

房屋安全诉讼中的犯罪现场人像测写

犯罪现场人像测写 ,其正式名称为刑事侦查分析 ,是基于美国联邦调查局行为科学署的科学技术发展起来的一门新兴科学 ,是鉴别某犯罪个体主要的个性及行为特征的技术。在受理安全疏忽诉讼中 ,犯罪现场人像测写技术在划分罪犯心理特征的类型 ,确定其作案动机和采取的作案手段等的逻辑推理中起到至关重要的作用。用途、可靠性和效力是评估人像测写技术的参量。     

Victims and Offenders in Two Crime Statistics Programs: A Comparison of the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) overcomes a basiclimitation of the traditional summary Uniform Crime Reporting program (UCR)by collecting victim information. Using this new victim information tocompare National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and NIBRS results, wefind some similarities as well as some differences in the characteristics ofvictims and offenders suggested by the two programs. Similarities appear inthe proportions of men and women involved as victims and offenders forrobbery and assault. Comparisons are more difficult and the proportions lesssimilar for property offenses. Nevertheless, the results suggest that whenthe NIBRS is fully developed, it will be an important source of informationon the characteristics of both victims and offenders. Even before theredesigned program is fully implemented, one of the most important featuresof NIBRS reports will be their ability to provide local area victimizationinformation. In addition, the NIBRS will provide much more information onarrests and the characteristic of offenders than any existing program.     

Using the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to Test Estimates of Arrestee and Offender Characteristics

National-Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) information for 1993 iscompared with two other sets of homicide data to assess the acuracy ofprocedures for estimating age-, sex-, and race-specific arrest counts fromtraditional Uniform Crime Report (UCR) data. The simultaneous age, race, andsex characteristics of offenders provided in the NIBRS arrest and offender segmentsare compared with estimates of the same characteristics derived from summaryUCR arrest data. The results suggest that using UCR marginal totals toestimate arrest counts by race and sex produces reasonably accurateestimates of the number of black and nonblack male arrests for murder andother offenses. Estimates of arrests of females by race and sex are lessaccurate, probably because of the relatively small number of arrests ofwomen and girls. Estimating male arrest counts for specific age groups alsoproduces reasonably accurate estimates. The results suggest that previousresearch employing such estimates may have been misleading in the estimatesof female arrests by race but accurate in the estimates of male arrests byrace. Although the use of summary UCR-based estimates in futurecross-sectional research will become increasingly unnecessary as the NIBRSreplaces the current UCR program, time series research designs on arrest andcrime trends will continue to require estimates.     

新中国未成年犯行刑制度建设的回顾与前瞻

未成年犯是罪犯构成中的一个特殊组成部分,我国对未成年犯行刑制度建设十分重视。 对未成年人实施保护是世界上许多国家通行的做法,我国也是如此。新中国成立后半个多世纪的 历程中,在未成年犯行刑制度建设上取得了一定的成绩。随着我国未成年人保护事业的迅速发展, 从建设法治国家、构建和谐社会的角度去审视我国的未成年犯行刑制度,需要在未成年犯行刑立 法、教育、回归社会等方面进行完善。     

公安机关办理未成年人案件面临的难题

未成年人的体力和智力决定了他们违法犯罪有其自身的特点,也决定了公安机关办理未成年人违法犯罪案件时面临一些区别于成年人案件的问题:查清年龄难、查明案件细节难、追缴赃款赃物难、处理难。为保障案件的顺序查处,建议公安机关采取相应对策:在讯问时,采取适合未成年人特点的方法和手段;在办理案件时,切实从维护未成年人的合法权益出发,关爱未成年人;平时多注意案后的预防工作。     

对我国共同犯罪理论与实践的探讨

世界各国刑法对共同犯罪有着不同的规定，现代刑法理论在此认识上也不尽一致，甚至在基本概念上都难以达成统一的共识，仍然处于见仁见智的状态，共同犯罪问题成为现代刑法理论的世界难题。我国刑法对共同犯罪有着独特的规定，共同犯罪人的种类也有别于其他国家，但存在着内在的矛盾。在着力于完成近代化历史重任以及谋求与国际社会接轨的今天，如何在保证理论完备的前提下，进一步完善刑事立法，成为我国刑法面临的重大课题。     

Stigma and discrimination in mentally disordered offender patients – a comparison with a non-forensic population

High levels of stigma and discrimination are reported by individuals with mental health problems. Aim: To assess self-reported levels of stigma and discrimination in forensic psychiatric patients, with psychotic illness, compared with general adult psychiatric patients with psychosis. Hypothesis: Individuals with a history of violent offending, as well as severe mental illness, report more stigma and discrimination, than non offender patients, as a result of them being perceived as dangerous and unpredictable. Method: Experiences of stigma and discrimination were compared in 32 forensic and 32 non-forensic general psychiatric patients, with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, using the Stigma and Discrimination Scale (DISC). Results: Stigma and discrimination were widely reported by all patients, particularly affecting relationships with family, intimate relationships and friendships. No significant difference emerged between the forensic and non-forensic patients, in experienced or anticipated stigma. Conclusions: We suggest that the lower level of psycho pathology, longer inpatient stays and intensive rehabilitation for forensic patients may reduce the extent to which these patients experience stigma and discrimination.