冠状病毒感染性疾病尸体检验相关病原学检测回顾与展望

冠状病毒曾经给世界带来两次严重的人类间大流行,包括严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute re?spiratory syndrome,SARS)和中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS),2019年岁末新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2...     

脑震荡后综合征伤残评定研究进展

由于症状表现的主观性以及当前客观检查方法所能提供证据的匮乏,加之赔偿伴生的症状伪装和夸大等问题,脑震荡后综合征患者的伤残评定鉴定意见一致性不高.在人体损伤赔偿纠纷中,脑震荡后综合征患者的伤残评定成为法医精神病鉴定的争议点和难题.通过对脑震荡及相关术语变化、脑震荡后综合征的发生率、症状表现及诊断标准、脑震荡后综合征客观评...     

The Culture of Interest: A Proposed Addition and Revision of the Three‐Culture Model

Negotiation and conflict resolution theorists have classified world cultures according to three types for the purpose of describing and predicting some of the ways in which individuals and groups within broad, geographically based cultural groups behave in conflict and negotiation‐related situations. These three broad categories, called “cultural syndromes,” have described these cultures according to the relative value they place on these three concerns: honor, face, and dignity. Based on our examination of the literature on the cultural dimensions of negotiation and conflict management, our own practice, and an analysis of literature and practice pertaining to the place and utility of the honor, face, interest, and dignity attributes within and between cultural groups , we propose a reformulation of this typology. Our reformulation would replace the broad “dignity” category with a new category that we call “interest,” which we believe better characterizes Northern European and North American cultures. We also argue that a cultural orientation toward dignity is universal and not geographically unique and is thus shared by all three cultures. This new formulation, we believe, more accurately characterizes the global range of orientations toward negotiation and conflict resolution and would, if adopted, help scholars and practitioners better understand culturally divergent conflict orientations and behaviors as well as the ramifications of such differences for negotiation and conflict resolution practice.     

Reworking the metabolic rift: La Vía Campesina,agrarian citizenship,and food sovereignty

Amidst increasing concerns about climate change, food shortages, and widespread environmental degradation, a demand is emerging for ways to resolve longstanding social and ecological contradictions present in contemporary capitalist models of production and social organisation. This paper first discusses how agriculture, as the most intensive historical nexus between society and nature, has played a pivotal role in social and ecological change. I explore how agriculture has been integrally associated with successive metabolic ruptures between society and nature, and then argue that these ruptures have not only led to widespread rural dislocation and environmental degradation, but have also disrupted the practice of agrarian citizenship through a series of interlinked and evolving philosophical, ideological, and material conditions. The first section of the paper thus examines the de-linking of agriculture, citizenship, and nature as a result of ongoing cycles of a metabolic rift, as a ‘crucial law of motion’ and central contradiction of changing socio-ecological relations in the countryside. I then argue that new forms of agrarian resistance, exemplified by the contemporary international peasant movement La Vía Campesina's call for food sovereignty, create a potential to reframe and reconstitute an agrarian citizenship that reworks the metabolic rift between society and nature. A food sovereignty model founded on practices of agrarian citizenship and ecologically sustainable local food production is then analysed for its potential to challenge the dominant model of large-scale, capitalist, and export-based agriculture.     

脾虚证大鼠甘草甜素药物动力学特征与胃肠动力的关系研究

目的：探讨脾虚证大鼠甘草甜素（ＧＬ）的药物动力学（ＰＫ）特征,并从胃排空、脑－肠肽两方面探讨其机制。方法：利用血平作用于大鼠１４ｄ,复制实验性脾虚模型（Ｃ组）;用四君子汤（Ａ组）和六味地黄汤（Ｂ组）治疗以反证;用高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）法测定大鼠体内ＧＬ的血药浓度;用同位素检测其胃液体排空功能;用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）分析下丘脑和血浆中胃动素（ＭＯＴ）、胆囊收缩素（ＣＣＫ）及生长抑素（ＳＳ）的浓     

猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒CH-1a株GP5蛋白基因的表达及其单克隆抗体的制备

将猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)CH-1a株GP5蛋白基因信号肽部分删除后克隆于pGEX-6p-1载体上,并在大肠埃希氏菌中进行表达。经SDS-PAGE电泳分析发现,融合表达的rtGP5蛋白约42 ku,将融合蛋白rtGP5用PRRSV阳性血清进行Western-blotting分析,证实所表达的融合蛋白能被其特异性识别。收获融合表达产物rtGP5,按50μg/只的剂量与等量弗氏佐剂乳化,经腹腔免疫BALB/c小鼠3次后,取脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,分别以融合蛋白rtGP5和GST蛋白为抗原,通过间接ELISA方法对融合细胞的上清液进行检测,筛选阳性克隆,结果得到了15株能稳定分泌抗rtGP5蛋白抗体的阳性细胞克隆株。经间接免疫荧光检测发现,获得的15株单克隆抗体都能与PRRSV感染细胞产生特异性荧光。15株单克隆抗体亚型鉴定结果显示均为IgG1型,且轻链均为κ链。     

益肾清络活血方治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎临床观察

目的 观察益肾清络活血方治疗痰瘀互结型类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis, RA）临床疗效及其安全性。方法 〖JP2〗将60例痰瘀互结型RA患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组30例（试验组失访1例）。试验组患者内服益肾清络活血方,对照组患者口服来氟米特,两组均连续治疗90 d。治疗前后,分别观察两组患者类风湿因子（rheumatoid factors,RF）、血沉（erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR）、C- 反应蛋白（C- reactive protein, CRP）、抗环瓜氨酸肽（cyclic citrullinated peptide,CCP）抗体、双手握力、关节压痛指数、关节肿胀指数,采用视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale, VAS）评价疼痛程度,采用健康评价问卷（health assessment questionnaire,HAQ）评价生活质量,并监测血常规、尿常规、粪常规、肝功能、肾功能、心电图的变化。结果 两组治疗后RF、CRP、ESR、抗CCP抗体、关节压痛指数、关节肿胀指数、VAS评分和HAQ评分均较治疗前显著改善（P<0.05）;试验组治疗后双手握力较治疗前显著增加（P<0.05）,而对照组治疗后双手握力较治疗前无明显变化（P>0.05）;试验组在CRP、ESR和VAS评分降低程度方面均不及对照组（P<0.05）;两组的中医证候疗效比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组均未出现明显不良反应。结论 益肾清络活血方对痰瘀互结型RA具有显著的近期疗效,其效果与来氟米特相当。     

滋膵益肾方治疗肾虚络瘀型糖尿病肾病Ⅳ期临床研究

目的观察滋膵益肾方治疗肾虚络瘀型糖尿病肾病的临床疗效。方法将120例肾虚络瘀型糖尿病肾病(Ⅳ期)患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组各60例(对照组和治疗组分别脱落3例和1例),两组患者均接受西医基础治疗,对照组患者加服胰激肽原酶肠溶片,治疗组患者加服滋膵益肾方。治疗4周后,比较两组中医证候疗效,观察两组肾功能、24h尿蛋白、血液流变学指标变化情况。结果治疗组中医证候疗效明显优于对照组(P0.05);在降低血清肌酐、尿素氮、餐后2h血糖、24h尿蛋白、全血黏度和血浆黏度方面,治疗组明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论滋膵益肾方能够改善糖尿病肾病Ⅳ期临床症状,改善肾功能,其作用机制可能与改善肾脏微循环,降低血黏度有关。     

901例社区2型糖尿病血瘀证的影响因素研究

目的 了解血瘀证在社区2型糖尿病患者中的分布及其相关影响因素。 方法 以社区901例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,采集其相关临床信息并进行中医辨证分析,采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析考察血瘀证的影响因素。 结果 901例2型糖尿病患者中,单纯血瘀脉络证165例,阴虚热盛证、湿热困脾证、气阴两虚证、阴阳两虚证分别为137、135、334、130例,分别兼夹血瘀证55、57、200、101例,各证型兼夹血瘀证的比例明显不同（P<0.05）。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、病程、高血压并发症、收缩压、体质量、体型是血瘀证的影响因素,舒张压、血脂水平不是血瘀证的影响因素;二项分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、高血压并发症、收缩压是血瘀证的影响因素。 结论 血瘀证是社区2型糖尿病患者的主要证型,年龄越大,具有高血压并发症,收缩压较高者易于出现血瘀证,尚不能认为病程、体质量和体型是2型糖尿病血瘀证的影响因素。