夫妻财产和债务关系的解构与重构——以《民法典》第1062-1065条的解释论为中心

对于夫妻债务问题而言,原《婚姻法解释二》第24条所体现的推定论与指导《民法典》第1064条第2款立法的用途论均非妥当的应对策略,切合实际的治本之道只能是实现夫妻对外责任财产的有效区隔。为此起见,针对民法典相关规定的解释论应当严格区分作为夫妻内部财产关系的抽象财产价值划分问题与作为夫妻外部财产关系的民商财产权归属问题,并以财产权表面归属原则所认可的公示和类公示规则充任后一问题的解决指南。唯有首先满足这些前提,并辅之以债权人撤销权等配套制度,夫妻之间方有可能最终达致共债共签、各债各偿的理想状态。     

Violent and Nonviolent Misconduct Among Female Inmates: An Exploration of Competing Theories

Extant literature on prison misconduct focuses primarily on male inmates or pooled samples of male and female inmates. Moreover, this research typically combines several types of misconduct into one global measure. To add to the literature, the current study gathered self-report data from over 300 female inmates to explore the impact of variables from three different theoretical perspectives upon four types of misconduct (i.e., physical assaults, nonviolent sexual activity, drug/alcohol, and property). Results show that importation and social control variables predict all types of misconduct, whereas deprivation variables provided some modest support for sexual misconduct and property misconduct.     

司法过程中的数字规律——关于司法数字生成及其合理性的阐述

司法过程中少不了数字的存在,司法数字可分为描述性与调整性两类,调整性数字在司法裁判中通常具有实质性作用,而司法与数字关联的内在机理缘于数字的固有特征与司法的特定需求;从生成因素来看,司法数字的产生以法律规则为基础框架,以经验为填充,通过法官理念整合后展现于裁判文书之中,而理念又在深层次为文化所决定和指引,其最终体现了主观性(主导)与客观性(框架)的综合;从合理性理论出发,司法数字的合理性标准可分为程序正当与结果合理两方面,自身的优化路径则包括基本裁量原理、计算规则的明确和多元回归模型的建立。     

Vulnerable warriors: the atmospheric marketing of military and policing equipment before and after 9/11

In this article, we analyse changes in the circulation of advertisements of policing products at security expos between 1995 and 2013. While the initial aim of the research was to evidence shifts in terrorist frames in the marketing of policing equipment before and after 9/11, our findings instead suggested that what we are seeing is the rise of marketing to police as “vulnerable warriors”, law enforcement officers in need of military weapons both for their offensive capabilities and for the protection they can offer to a police force that is always under threat.     

权利控制与依法行政

文章在着重研究加强行政权力控制重要意义的基础上,提出了加强行政权力的制衡的基本策略及有关原则,并将行政执法者权力意识的增强作为加强行政权力控制的内在动力来进行论证。     

Carrying the misery to adulthood: the impact of childhood sexual abuse on adulthood impulse control through depression and suicidal thoughts

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been linked to a wide range of negative outcomes, including the development of low impulse control in adulthood. Because previous studies have identified impulsivity as a robust predictor of antisocial and criminal behaviors, CSA may be an important early-in-life risk factor to consider. But the pathway between CSA and impulsivity is not well understood. Research suggests CSA is an important predictor of various forms of psychopathology, such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Pulling this all together, we investigated the possibility that CSA impacts depression and suicidal thoughts and that those experiences go on to affect the development and manifestation of impulse control in adulthood. We drew on a nationally representative sample of adolescents and adults (Add Health) to test the pathways by which CSA might affect impulse control. We found that CSA negatively influences impulse control, and that depression and suicidal thoughts may mediate this relationship. Our findings highlight the importance of trauma-oriented interventions for survivors of CSA – on top of their other benefits, such interventions may have an influence on the development of impulse control later in life.     

风险控制与治理绩效：改革开放以来中国社会组织管理体制变迁的制度逻辑

在社会组织管理体制改革创新持续推进的背景下,从学理上解释国家对社会组织采取的混合治理策略具有重要的研究价值。论文尝试从国家建构社会的视角出发,以改革开放40年来社会组织管理体制的变迁过程为例证,运用“风险控制 治理绩效”的分析框架探讨社会组织管理体制变革的制度动因。研究认为,政府对于社会组织的制度设计表现为“约束”和“激励”的阶段性调整,其背后的制度逻辑是基于风险可控基础上的治理绩效;中央和地方政府对于社会组织的政策取向有一定的差异,总体表现为宏观避险与中观赋权。国家对社会组织的吸纳和赋权可以是共存状态,吸纳的另一面并非赋权,而是排斥和疏离。在社会组织治理进入“秩序思维代替稳定思维”的新阶段,各地政府在社会组织生态建设过程中需重点关注社会组织的分化生态。     

北京外来人口调控对京津冀协同发展的推动作用探析[1]

京津冀协同发展战略与北京外来人口调控之间是整体与部分、系统与子系统的关系,无论是从静态还是从动态的角度来看,都可以得出两个基本判断：其一,京津冀协同发展战略对北京外来人口调控具有重要的引领作用;其二,北京外来人口调控对京津冀协同发展具有积极的推动作用。本文着重研究后一种作用,从调控北京外来人口是完成京津冀协同发展核心任务的必然选择、调控北京外来人口是加快区域协同发展的有效途径这两大方面对其作了较深入而具体的阐述。     

南疆青少年犯罪原因探析及预防对策

随着社会的快速发展,我国政府密切关注青少年犯罪并出台了相应的政策来预防青少年犯罪,但青少年犯罪态势依然较为严峻,成为国家治理的一大难题。青少年是国家的未来,加强对青少年犯罪及原因实证研究,并提出针对性对策尤为重要。以新疆南疆青少年为研究对象,通过资料分析法和实证调研法研究发现:影响南疆青少年犯罪的因素包括家庭环境、经济条件、学校教育和社会风气。为此,国家及有关部门可以加大对南疆地区的扶贫力度、创新社会管理制度、鼓励家庭教育和学校教育并重及加强司法机构与社区监督机制,以防控青少年犯罪。