未成年人刑事归责年龄探讨

未成年人犯罪的成因复杂且多样,仅通过降低刑事归责年龄并非妥善之策。我国现行未成年人刑事归责年龄存在诸多问题。解决未成年人犯罪问题,必须正视和及时修正相关法律规范,使之符合我国目前的社会实情。     

试论附条件不起诉制度对未成年人刑事检察工作的影响

只有检察机关的自由裁量权能够在一个受控、宽泛的空间内正常行使，附条件不起诉制度才能够得以正确实施并发挥其应有效用。如果检察机关在司法实践中以此制度为依据，对未成年犯罪嫌疑人可能判处的刑罚随意判定，那么，附条件不起诉制度就很有可能从保障未成年人诉讼权利的一剂良药逐渐嬗变为严重破坏司法公正的一颗毒果。     

未成年少女堕胎手术知情同意主体探析

因未成年人意外妊娠而实施的堕胎手术日渐增多，但很多当事人都不愿意将情况告诉其监护人，所以手术同意书的签字问题就成了实施堕胎手术的一个难以逾越的法律障碍。本文试从未成年人保护的角度，分析将监护人、医院、卫生行政部门、少女救助中心作为少女堕胎手术知情同意主体的可行性，探讨合法合理地解决这一问题的方案，使未成年人意外妊娠的事后救济得以顺利进行。     

浅析儒家思想对古代未成年人刑事司法制度的影响

在我国古代的刑事司法制度中,未成年人均在不同程度上受到了国家和社会的特殊优恤。这些优恤政策主要是在儒家思想的影响形成的,具体而言是儒家"仁政"、"宽刑"的治国理念和"济贫救弱"、"矜老恤幼"的社会保障思想。在这两种思想影响下,形成了我国古代独具特色的国家、社会、家族三方面协调保护未成年人的制度。     

未成年人犯罪的社区矫正研究

目前,未成年人犯罪率高、性质严重、犯罪更加低龄化的趋势,使得未成年人犯罪的形势日趋严峻.因此,如何针对未成年人心理、生理及思维习惯等特点预防和惩治青少年犯罪,已成为各国研究的重要课题.本文就未成年人犯罪社区矫正立法的六个主要问题进行了探讨,并针对这些问题提出具体主张:制定<社区矫正法>,并设立<未成年人的社区矫正>专章;专门的未成年人社区矫正管理机构和人员配置;正规的社区矫正机构建设;扩大未成年人社区矫正的适用率和适用范围;设立符合未成年人心身特点的社区矫正项目;制定有针对性的矫正计划和实施方案.     

Our kids: Unaccompanied minors and the question of care

The question of care and what it means both conceptually and practically in the designated arena of child and youth care is a vexing one in the 21st century. Without a doubt, there are increasing numbers of young people who are either demonstrably in need of care or perceive themselves to be either lacking adequate care or simply existing outside those social spaces where care is available. Perhapsthere is no better exemplar of the contested set of relations that is contemporary childhood than those young people traversing national borders. Some of these young people travel with family members, but an ever-increasing number travel unaccompanied by parents or any other form of adult relation. Of these, a group particularly at risk are those without legal documentation. We would argue that this group of young people is urgently in need of our attention as child and youth care workers and scholars.     

How “godparents” are made for “unaccompanied refugee minors”: an ethnographic view into the training of future youth mentors

There are many qualitative studies on interactions and activities within mentoring, including on organizational processes. This article concentrates on one pivotal aspect regarding the “doings” of mentorship—the training of future voluntary mentors (known as "godparents") for separated young refugees in a pilot program. The underlying study looks at knowledge production in mentoring. The explorative research done in Austria started during the so-called refugee crisis in Europe in 2015. Using data from participant observation, the “triangle of godparenthood” is reconstructed as a core structure underlying the overall pilot program. Thus the ideal-type figures of the “family-like,” the “professional,” and the “committed contractual” godparent become visible. The interpretation discusses youth mentoring as a form of social problems work. Accordingly, the study shows how social protection is organized based on particular social problematizations and on the construction of voluntary mentors from civil society. The training “teaches” future mentors what kind of young people their counterparts are. It offers a problematization according to which particular “needs” are defined. This allows mentors to legitimize, rationalize, and moralize what is, in the end, a pedagogical approach. By relating the problematization to a personal level, the training provides future mentors with a particular idea and moral obligation regarding what they personally can be for those young people who are categorized as “unaccompanied refugee minors.”     

未成年人检察公益诉讼制度探析

未成年人检察公益诉讼制度是未成年人保护的新路径,是检察公益诉讼"等"外拓展的新领域,2020年《未成年人保护法》的修订为该制度的构建提供了明确的法律依据.作为新兴制度,未成年人检察公益诉讼制度在理论和实践中均存在不足.新时代,应以修法为基础,通过梳理宏观架构、改进办案机制,在检察机关内外部寻找未成年人保护的新方式,以期...     

未成年人犯罪的预防研究

未成年人犯罪对社会的危害性非常大 ,依据《预防未成年人犯罪法》的规定 ,预防未成年人犯罪遵循独特的原则 ,如教育与保护原则、综合治理原则等。预防未成年人犯罪还具有其特点 ,要采取不同于预防成年人犯罪的教育方法。鉴于未成年人犯罪的心理原因 ,对未成年人进行心理健康的教育、心理的疏导与救治就显得尤为重要     

审前程序中未成年人的权利保护

目前，在审前程序中未成年人应有的诉讼权利与实有的诉讼权利之间存在较大的张力。实有权利的缺失现象，一方面源于作为权利依据的统一立法的缺失，另一方面源于规范内容在司法中的困难。对未成年人诉讼权利进行专属立法，建构专门的司法程序，应成为今后未成年人司法制度建设的重点，而保释权、合适成年人在场权、法律帮助权及沉默权是未成年人审前程序权利保障的主要内容。