战略环境评价的发展趋势及在中国实施的管理程序和技术路线研究

本文总结、概述了战略环境影响评价(SEA)在国际上的推广及应用情况,包括SEA的成型和具体化两个发展阶段、SEA的三种类型及选例、SEA的执行标准的讨论以及SEA在国外的发展趋势等。在此基础上,讨论了在中国开展战略环境评价所涉及的各个部门的职责,提出了在中国开展战略环境评价的管理程序和技术路线。     

An electoral calculus? Dual incentives and committee assignment in the UK’s mixed-member legislatures

Although mixed-member electoral systems offer an apparent opportunity to observe how different rules shape politicians’ behaviour, ‘contamination’ between the SMD and PR-list tiers has frequently confounded academic work. Investigating Scotland and Wales’ mixed-member legislatures by exploiting their different chamber sizes and an unusual dual candidacy prohibition in Wales, modelling of committee assignments uncovers a split finding. Controlling for membership of the lead governing party, list members have a higher committee workload than their constituency colleagues, and members with previous employment experience in justice and health are more likely to be assigned to the corresponding subject committee once elected. Elsewhere, expectations that members might seek assignments that best suit theorized re-election interests are not found. The hypothesized influence of electoral rules is strongly conditioned by the small size of the legislature in Wales.     

PCR-RFLP法检验混合斑中精斑ABO血型及基因型

运用PCR-RFLP检验方法,对21份精斑样品、5份混合斑检材进行了检验,结果表明该方法能够很好地检测混合斑中精斑的ABO血型及基因型,有效地解决了非分泌型精斑的ABO血型及基因型,拓宽了混合斑中精斑的检验范围.     

Measuring re-election prospects across electoral systems: a general approach applied to Germany

This research note presents a general approach for measuring the electoral safety of individual MPs across electoral systems that is based on predicted re-election probabilities estimated from multilevel logistic regression models. In contrast to existing measures, this method yields estimates on an intuitive and readily comparable probability scale, captures the higher sensitivity of re-election prospects to electoral change in the range of close races, and can accommodate regional differences in context conditions such as volatility. The paper implements the approach for two archetypical electoral systems – first-past-the-post (FPTP) systems and closed-list proportional representation (PR) – and estimates re-election prospects for the FPTP and PR tiers of the German mixed electoral system in all Bundestag elections since 1957. While the empirical data presented here is mainly illustrative, the concluding section highlights various questions that future research can address with the new measure.     

Policy Advocacy in Transitioning Regimes: Comparative Lessons from the Case of Harbour Protection in Hong Kong

Current research on policy advocacy relies exclusively on established regimes where instability is largely contained. Using the harbour protection advocacy in Hong Kong as an exploratory case, the article documents how conservationists exploited the unique opportunities arising from the transfer of sovereignty to advance heritage protection policy. Three new strategic choices in policy advocacy are identified. First, policy advocates strategically switched between issue frames instead of becoming strongly identified with any issue frame. Second, they avoided prolonged involvement by pursuing modest, programme-level adjustments. Third, they circumvented the restrictions on scope and focus by creating new venues outside of the policy subsystem.     

关于交通肇事罪几个问题的思考

交通肇事罪作为常见多发且危害性较大的犯罪,引起理论界以及司法实务界的极大关注,同时也带来很多问题。刑法第133条和《关于审理交通肇事刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》均存在不合理之处,交通肇事罪的主观罪过形式应为混合罪过。     

陷阱侦查及其救济程序建构

诱惑侦查作为一种对付某些犯罪的有效侦查方法,如果超过合理限度就会转化为陷阱侦查。陷阱侦查不仅与侦查机关的职责相悖,而且侵犯了公民的合法权益。为了对陷阱侦查行为进行有效规制,并为被告人提供有效的救济途径,需要明确陷阱侦查的判断标准以及法律后果,并合理地分配证明责任。     

论社会治安适度控制的标准

治安控制是维系社会治安秩序稳定的基本手段和保障。治安控制既不能过度 ,也不能欠度 ,只能适度 ,适度控制是治安控制的基本原则和要求。考察和评价治安控制是否适度主要看治安控制的目标是否适中 ,手段是否适当 ,能否实现治安秩序的适度稳定     

EDX、XRD法定性分析混合火药的主要成分

目的建立检验自制混合火药方法。方法用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪,测定自制混合火药的主要成分,结果准确可靠。结果既可测定火药成分,还可区分石墨晶片和植物性炭。结论两种方法可用于火药鉴定。     

从命令到规则:哈特对奥斯丁的批判——读哈特《法律的概念》

哈特试图以法律的规则学说取代奥斯丁的法律命令理论,这一理论努力的背后所隐含的正是法律实证主义的某些深刻且基本的问题意识。通过分析哈特对奥斯丁的批判,我们比较了两种版本的法律实证主义在法律的存在方式以及检验法律的标准这两个问题上给出的不同回答,在此基础上提出,哈特的规则学说并没有能够真正地取代奥斯丁的命令理论,规则与命令所表明的可能是法律存在方式也即法律与社会生活方式联结的不同方面。