中国传统官德举要

中国传统官德主要包括以民为本的价值取向,清正廉洁的职业道德,谦虚诚信的个人修养,敬上爱下的僚属关系,清勤练平的工作作风等。     

论编辑人员的道德素养

编辑工作是一种特殊形式的脑力劳动,它要求编辑必须具有良好的道德修养,具备高尚的职业道德。编辑人员务必注意道德养成,强化职业道德意识,确立坚定不移的马克思主义的道德信仰,追求敬业奉献的道德价值,完善公正自律的道德人格,在自己的工作岗位上全心全意地为人民服务。     

Childhood Abusive and Supportive Experiences, Inter-Parental Violence, and Parental Alcohol Use: Prediction of Young Adult Depressive Symptoms and Aggression

Issues in both the children of alcoholics and child abuse literatures were addressed in an attempt to disentangle the effects on young adults of growing up in alcoholic homes versus abusive homes. Using multiple regression, retrospective reports of parental abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual) and parental support (love/support, independence, and fairness), witnessing violence between parents, and parental alcohol use were used as predictor variables for outcomes noted by both literatures. When the effects of all other predictors were statistically controlled, parental alcohol use was not significantly related to depressive symptoms or aggression. Different abusive and supportive behaviors, depending on sex of parent and sex of participant, were significant predictors of both depression and aggression. Results underscore the importance of including and controlling for inter-parental violence and for different types of child abuse (especially emotional abuse) and parental supportive behaviors in investigations of outcomes related to abusive and alcoholic families. Implications for treatment of individuals from these families are discussed.     

试论青少年德育中的学生主体性缺失

青少年德育实效性偏低关键是学校德育中的学生主体性缺失,具体表现为:在德育的目标和内容上,以社会为本位的价值取向造成对主体德育需求的漠视;在德育的方式方法上,以灌输为特征的传统方法造成对主体认知发展规律的忽略;在德育的载体途径上,以学校为中心的德育体系造成主体价值选择的困惑;在德育的评价标准上,以道德认知为内容的评价体系造成主体人格的分裂。     

Coparent Support and Conflict in African American Single Mother-Headed Families: Associations With Maternal and Child Psychosocial Functioning

This longitudinal investigation examined main and interactive effects of coparent support and conflict on mother and child adjustment in 248 low-income, African American, single mother-headed families. The findings indicated that coparent conflict was a more robust predictor of mother and child maladjustment both cross-sectionally and longitudinally than was coparent support. Moreover, findings revealed that coparent conflict and support interacted to predict one parenting behavior, monitoring, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Coparent relationships characterized by high levels of support and low levels of conflict were associated with the highest levels of parental monitoring behavior, whereas coparent relationships characterized by low levels of support and high levels of conflict were associated with the lowest levels of monitoring. The findings highlight the importance of examining both positive and negative aspects of coparent relationships in this at-risk, but understudied, group.     

A Participant Evaluation of the U.S. Navy Parent Support Program

This study reports on the results of a program evaluation of the U.S. Navy New Parent Support Program (NPSP). NPSP is comprised of two components: center-based parenting classes and home-based visits. Data are presented on: (a) satisfaction with program quality, (b) how well the program met its primary objectives (e.g., helps reduce parenting stress), (c) how well the NPSP met its Reasons for Being (RFBs; e.g., Helps service members concentrate on their job), and (d) program impact on mission-related outcomes (i.e., quality of life (QOL), readiness, and program impact on their decision to remain in the military). Results indicate that parents who take part in both the parenting classes and home-based visits report that the program exceeded their expectations, the program improved their perceptions of their parenting and coping skills, they perceived that the program demonstrated the Navy’s concern for Sailors and their families, and the program enhanced the family’s quality of life. Implications of study findings are discussed.

从成年人角度反思未成年人思想道德建设

未成年人的思想道德建设是系统工程,主体是未成年人,但成年人构成了其发展的外在环境。从家庭、学校和社会三个方面,成年人应该为未成年人创造良好的环境;在思想道德教育观念和方法上,成年人应该尊重未成年人的特殊性。未成年人的思想道德教育,需要全社会的动员和参与。     

从“诬告反坐”到“讹诈有罚”——对被救助者诬赖救助者立法惩罚的再思考

当下诸多被救助者诬告讹诈救助者事件背后,无不折射出单纯中华传统道德诉求已经不能协调社会的健康发展。当道德软性约束作用无法发挥其积极作用,通过法律制度建设方面惩罚诬告讹诈者成为必要。然现代＂讹诈有罚＂并非简单的惩恶扬善呼吁,也并非中国古代＂诬告反坐＂的直接过渡与顺承。立法惩罚诬告者还需从制度渊源、现行体制、证据认定、责任承担、惩罚措施等多方予以分析。     

思想品德形成的动力律——矛盾协调律

思想品德形成的动力律是矛盾协调律,矛盾可大致分为个体内部各要素矛盾及个体与外部社会的矛盾两个方面,两大矛盾的斗争协调构成了思想品德形成发展的动力。品德形成发展过程中,容易出现认知偏差、情感失衡、信念迷茫、意志不定和知行不一几种内部要素矛盾,外部矛盾则主要体现在家庭、学校、网络社会和现实社会方面。矛盾协调的总体方向是由冲突向和谐发展,由模仿向独立发展,由他律向自律发展,由个人向社会发展。