环境污染刑事案件中严格责任与推定原则问题探讨

污染环境刑事案件中对于行为人的主观过错以及客观行为与损害后果之间因果关系的认定存在着很大的困难.笔者主张严格责任原则不足取法,但应当采用过错推定原则认定主观过错.同时,在排除有罪推定的前提下,适用环境民事侵权诉讼中的因果关系推定原则,以使污染环境的犯罪能够得到及时有效的惩治,但也要进行严格限制适用.     

情境犯罪预防的原理与实践

情境预防的理论根基包括三个方面 :理性选择理论、日常活动理论、环境犯罪学理论。情境预防的基本措施包括五个方面 :提高犯罪难度、提高犯罪风险、降低犯罪回报、减少犯罪刺激、排除犯罪借口。借鉴这一理论与实践措施 ,对我国犯罪预防有积极的意义     

中国大气保护公共支出的绩效评价——基于各地区环境数据的比较分析

对我国各省的大气环保支出的绩效进行评价表明,大气公共支出绩效的提高与地方环保机关的工作水平和工作效率紧密相关。在客观条件一定的情况下,地方环保部门是能够通过自身效率的提高来促进大气环境的改善。     

How is it Possible for Democracies to Effectively Tackle Long-Term Problems?

ABSTRACT

The aim of this essay is to examine if and how it is possible for the political system of democracy to effectively tackle long-term public problems that are wicked in nature, taking climate crisis as an example. It consists of four sections. The first section is devoted to a brief historical overview of the conflict between eco-authoritarianism and ecological democracy. The following section examines if and to what extent “environmental pessimism” – disillusionment with the ability of liberal/capitalist democracies to effectively tackle long-term environmental problems – which has made a remarkable comeback since late 1980s, is empirically grounded, on the basis of performance evaluation of the contracting parties to the Kyoto Protocol (adopted on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005), and the Climate Change Performance Index that evaluates and ranks the climate mitigation performance of 58 countries responsible for over 90 per cent of global energy-related CO₂ emissions, released every year by Germanwatch and Climate Action Network Europe. The third section focuses on more theoretical/normative issues, critically examining the cogency of a claim, made by no small number of environmental pessimists, that democratic institutions, due to their myopic tendencies, usually work systematically to the disadvantage of future generations. The last section is devoted to the examination of measures thus far advocated and partly put into practice for correcting the myopic tendencies of democracy, emphasizing the vital need for non-representative measures, or self-restraint mechanisms built into democracy itself, whose primary function lies in preventing democracy from degenerating due to the influence of the myopic majority, thereby protecting ecological sustainability and the well-being of future generations.     

我国污染环境犯罪增设危险犯的必要性

随着我国经济社会的迅猛发展,工业化进程的加快,环境污染问题凸显,各地污染环境犯罪的案例层出不穷、数量大幅攀升.现行立法虽有进步,但其处罚的基本形态为实害犯、行为犯.这样的立法设置对于惩治污染环境犯罪的司法实践来说存在滞后性.为了更好地遏制并打击污染环境犯罪行为,应当在污染环境犯罪中增设危险犯.     

Development as recolonization: the political ecology of the Endosulphan disaster in Kasargod,India

This paper examines the Endosulphan pesticide disaster in Kasargod, Kerala, India. The paper argues that the pesticide disaster was the culmination of an agrarian modernization project implemented in the region by the state-owned Plantation Corporation of Kerala (PCK). An exploration of the political ecology of the disaster shows the recolonization of residents and nature by PCK through neocolonial forms of centralized and exclusionary spatial and resource control mechanisms. In this context, the paper questions the glorification of the “Kerala model” of development from the standpoints of environmental justice and resource rights, relying on the lived experiences of the people of Kasargod.     

浅议不可量物侵害

不可量物侵害是民法上的一个重要概念,我国《物权法》首次规定了这一制度.文章研究了不可量物侵害的性质和各国的立法模式,评价了我国《物权法》相关规定的优缺点,并探究了容忍义务的理论基础,最后阐明了不可量物侵害与环境污染之间的关系.     

论我国农业环境资源保护立法的健全与完善

我国农业环境保护立法留下了计划经济体制的深刻烙印 ,健全和完善立法不仅必要 ,而且十分迫切。农业环境保护法应当确立正确的农业环境资源保护的基本法律原则 ,完善农业环境资源保护的基本法律制度和措施 ,完善农业环境资源保护法律法规体系。     

试论环保产业在推动延边跨越式发展中的战略地位

环保产业是适应环境保护需求而发展起来的新兴产业,是未来经济发展中最具潜力的新的经济增长点之一。延边要实现跨越式发展,必须重视环保产业。     

精神文明建设与环境保护

环境保护的成败直接关系到社会主义现代化建设的成败.加强社会主义精神文明建设,是保护环境、实现可持续发展战略的根本途径.这不仅要充分认识精神文明建设对环境保护的重要作用,尤其应坚持以人为本,实现社会文明;还应从环境的角度,拓展精神文明建设的新思路,把道德建设放在突出位置.