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991.
犯罪学是一门兼具综合性与交叉性的新兴学科,自其诞生以来,相关理论问题争议不断.其中,犯罪学的研究对象一直以来就是学者们热议的话题,尤其在我国犯罪学的转型时期,该问题更需亟待解决.犯罪学不再局限于以传统的个体行为或个体现象作为其研究对象,而是立足于从宏观的视角认识其研究对象,将其固化为一种特殊的系统现象,同时采用科尔曼的“系统行为内部分析”说作为分析犯罪学研究对象的方法论,把群体现象或群体行为作为犯罪学微观上的研究对象,旨在实现犯罪学研究的宏观与微观、系统与要素的结合,从而全面认识犯罪这一特殊的社会现象、及其本质和规律. 相似文献
992.
目的建立人体血浆中64种有机氯菊酯类农药多残留的气相色谱(GC)快速筛查分析方法。方法空白人体静脉抗凝血用乙腈沉淀蛋白,乙酸乙酯∶环己烷(v/v,3∶1)进行液液萃取净化,使用HP-5色谱柱,采用气相色谱进行定性、定量分析。对方法进行优化并进行方法学评价。结果 64种农药在0.001~0.1μg/mL范围内线性关系均良好,相关系数在0.990 1~0.999 9之间。检出限在0.001~0.15μg/mL范围内,方法定量限在0.001~0.5μg/mL之间,回收率总体于80%~110%之间,相对标准偏差小于15%,方法检出限总体于0.01μg/mL以下,日内精密度在1.5%~11.5%之间,日间精密度在2.9%~13.9%之间。结论本文建立的人体血浆的农药多残留快速筛查测定法,符合农药残留分析方法的要求,可在相关研究和实践中选用。 相似文献
993.
目的研究曲马多在中毒家兔体内死后分布规律,为曲马多中毒检材采取提供实验依据。方法家兔经口给予10倍LD50曲马多,待家兔死亡后迅速解剖取样,气相色谱/质谱联用和气相色谱-FTD法测定其体液、脏器、大脑及右上肢和右下肢肌肉中曲马多的含量,比较其变化规律。结果血液和肝脏中曲马多的最低检出限分别为0.05μg/mL和0.05μg/g,提取回收率为97.60%±0.65%~103.10%±1.24%。曲马多在家兔体内的死后分布为:肾〉胃〉肝〉脾〉肺〉脑〉心〉上肢肌肉〉下肢肌肉〉〉体液(尿〉胆汁、心血〉玻璃体液)。结论大剂量曲马多中毒致死后在体内分布不均匀,组织中曲马多含量明显高于心血、胆汁等体液。 相似文献
994.
目的建立检测血液和尿液中秋水仙碱的液相色谱-串联质谱法。方法0.5mL血液或尿液以丁丙诺啡为内标,经pH9.2硼酸盐缓冲溶液碱化后,用乙酸乙酯进行提取,在ZORBAX SB-C18液相柱(150mm×2.1mm×5μm)上以V(甲醇)∶V(20mmol/L乙酸铵和0.1%甲酸缓冲溶液)=80∶20为流动相,流速为0.2mL/min,采用电喷雾正离子模式离子化、多反应监测模式检测秋水仙碱,内标法定量。结果血液、尿液中秋水仙碱与内标丁丙诺啡色谱分离良好,秋水仙碱在0.1~50 ng/mL内均具有良好的线性,相关系数>0.9990,最低检出限为0.05ng/mL,方法回收率为94%~116%,日内与日间精密度(RSD)均小于8.5%。结论所建LC-MS-MS方法灵敏度高、操作简便、快速、准确,适用于血液及尿液等生物检材中痕量秋水仙碱成分的检测。 相似文献
995.
Since the publication of analyses suggesting the significant impact on youth homicide of the Boston “pulling levers” intervention,
a series of studies of similar strategies have indicated promise in reducing homicide and gun assaults. One of these studies
was an assessment of a pulling levers strategy in Indianapolis, where trend analyses indicated a significant reduction in
homicide following the intervention, while six other similar Midwestern cities did not experience a significant decline in
homicide. We re-assess the results of the Indianapolis study by disaggregating the offenses into gang- and non-gang homicides.
Given that the pulling levers program focused on influencing gangs and networks of chronic offenders, the impact of the intervention
should be more apparent for gang homicides than for non-gang homicides. Alternatively, should the impact be similar for non-gang
homicides, then it is more likely that the downward trend would be caused by unmeasured external forces. Coefficient-difference
tests relying on estimates obtained from autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time–series models indicate that
gang homicides declined significantly more than did non-gang homicides following the Indianapolis intervention. These findings
suggest ‘something happened’ to gang homicides that did not happen to non-gang homicides, which adds further support that
the pulling levers initiative was the driving force behind the overall reduction in homicide in Indianapolis.
Nicholas Corsaro is an assistant professor in the Center for the Study of Crime, Delinquency, and Corrections at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (SIUC). Prior to joining SIUC, he completed his Ph.D. at Michigan State University in 2007. Corsaro’s research interests include strategic approaches to reducing crime, ecological criminology, program evaluation, and quantitative statistical techniques. Recent articles have appeared in Victims and Offenders and Justice Quarterly. Edmund McGarrell is professor and director of the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. McGarrell’s research interests are in communities and crime, with particular emphasis on the studying of problem solving responses to gun, gang, and drug market crime and violence. Recent articles have appeared in Justice Quarterly, Policing, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, and the Journal of Criminal Justice. 相似文献
Nicholas CorsaroEmail: |
Nicholas Corsaro is an assistant professor in the Center for the Study of Crime, Delinquency, and Corrections at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (SIUC). Prior to joining SIUC, he completed his Ph.D. at Michigan State University in 2007. Corsaro’s research interests include strategic approaches to reducing crime, ecological criminology, program evaluation, and quantitative statistical techniques. Recent articles have appeared in Victims and Offenders and Justice Quarterly. Edmund McGarrell is professor and director of the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. McGarrell’s research interests are in communities and crime, with particular emphasis on the studying of problem solving responses to gun, gang, and drug market crime and violence. Recent articles have appeared in Justice Quarterly, Policing, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, and the Journal of Criminal Justice. 相似文献
996.
997.
在刑事诉讼领域,“利益权衡”是平衡人权保障和犯罪控制两大理念的重要法律方法。针对非法实物证据的排除,利益权衡的法律方法在比较法上发挥着重要制度机能,美国实行的是实践意义的利益权衡、德国等实行的是规范意义的利益权衡、新西兰实行的是转型意义的利益权衡。但作为一种主观性较强的方法论,它也存在制度局限与客观化诉求。因此,我国在实物证据的排除领域引进利益权衡方法时,也应设定相应的客观化基准。 相似文献
998.
The aim of this study was to assess colour changes that occur in several types of commonly available textiles as a result of the long-term effects of various popularly used laundry detergents. A 14 day experiment was conducted using blue, red and grey/black cotton, wool, acrylic and polyester textiles. Colour changes were evaluated through the visual comparison of the colour of the textile samples against that of the untreated (control) material.The kinetics of the changes in the colour of the fibres were monitored using fluorescence microscopy (UV excitation filter). The conclusions include an assessment of the observed changes from a fibre analysis expert's point of view, as well as that of an average user/consumer of the products involved. 相似文献
999.
目的根据胶体金免疫层析的原理,建立一种可以在现场快速检测可卡因及其代谢物苯甲酰爱康宁的方法。方法将胶体金标记的抗可卡因单克隆抗体均匀浸涂在玻璃纤维膜上,用点膜仪将可卡因的完全抗原以及羊抗鼠多抗在硝酸纤维素膜上划线,分别作为可卡因的检测区(T)和质控区(C)。并且对样品垫用0.2%Tween 20和0.5%PVA封闭处理。样本(尿样、唾液、血样等)中游离的可卡因及其代谢物同包被的完全抗原分别免疫竞争结合胶体金标记的抗可卡因单抗。肉眼观察试剂盒的质控区和检测区上有无紫红色带来判读结果。结果可卡因胶体金检测试剂盒对65种毒品、药物的特异性测试中仅识别可卡因及其代谢物。对人体尿样中的可卡因和苯甲酰爱康宁检测阈值均为300ng/mL。与GC/MS对照试验,其准确性分别为98.9%和98.6%。在常温下能稳定保存2年。结论该可卡因检测试剂盒在5min内可以检测出样本中的可卡因及其代谢物成分。 相似文献
1000.