Determined to Die! Ability to Act Following Multiple Self‐inflicted Gunshot Wounds to the Head. The Cook County Office of Medical Examiner Experience (2005–2012) and Review of Literature

Cases of multiple (considered 2+) self‐inflicted gunshot wounds are a rarity and require careful examination of the scene of occurrence; thorough consideration of the decedent's psychiatric, medical, and social histories; and accurate postmortem documentation of the gunshot wounds. We present a series of four cases of multiple self‐inflicted gunshot wounds to the head from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office between 2005 and 2012 including the first case report of suicide involving eight gunshot wounds to the head. In addition, a review of the literature concerning multiple self‐inflicted gunshot wounds to the head is performed. The majority of reported cases document two gunshot entrance wound defects. Temporal regions are the most common affected regions (especially the right and left temples). Determining the capability to act following a gunshot wound to the head is necessary in crime scene reconstruction and in differentiation between homicide and suicide.     

FRIENDS WITH MY FUTURE SELF: LONGITUDINAL VIVIDNESS INTERVENTION REDUCES DELINQUENCY

In a field experiment, we use a novel method to test whether instilling a greater sense of vividness of the future self motivates people to act in a more future‐oriented way and reduces their delinquent involvement. We manipulate vividness of the future self by having participants, a sample of high‐school youth (N = 133), “befriend” an avatar representing their future self on a social network website. For 7 days, they reply to short messages from their future self designed to trigger thinking about that distant self. Using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), we find that participants who had been linked to their future self report less delinquent involvement, whereas controls did not. Furthermore, the results of a nonparametric bootstrapping procedure show that this effect is mediated by changes in vividness of the future self, such that increases in vividness lead to lower self‐reported delinquency. We conclude that vividness of the future self holds promise not only as a cognitive explanation for the failure to make informed cost–benefit trade‐offs but also for interventions aiming to reduce delinquency.     

多元逻辑视角下的警务改革:一个分析的框架

警务改革的研究应该跳出公安机关的视角,将其置于社会变迁的宏观背景之下,既要考虑到当前复杂的社会治安形势、国家的治理结构、国家法治化进程,同时还要以现代警务的构建为目标。在这种背景下,从理性的经济人视角出发,无论是党政部门,社会大众,还是公安机关都对警务改革存在着某种利己主义的逻辑与期待。因此,当前的警务改革是一种多重逻辑角色博弈并加以选择的结果。从现代警务构建的视角出发,警务改革的研究应构建整体架构,这个架构至少有三个层面:一是警务理念层面,二是警务体制和机制层面,三是警务技术层面。故此,警务改革具有一体多面性,应当共同推进,不可顾此失彼。     

Personality Profiles of Women in Multiple Abusive Relationships

Personality profiles of women with multiple abusive relationship histories (N = 42) were compared to either abused women with 1 abusive relationship (N = 33) or a control group (N = 52) on the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (Coolidge & Merwin, 1992, J. Pers. Assess. 59: 223–238), a self-report measure based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Women with multiple abusive relationships had higher rates and greater levels of dependent, paranoid, and self-defeating personality disorders than women in the other 2 groups. Women in multiple abusive relationships had significantly more depression, and women in this group with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had significantly more personality disorders than women with single abusive relationships with PTSD. Women in single abusive relationships did not exhibit more psychopathology than women in the control group with matched marital status. Theoretical and methodological issues, and treatment recommendations are discussed.     

和谐社会下仲裁的优势

我国社会多元化的利益冲突和复杂的纠纷类型迫切要求纠纷解决机制的多元化,仲裁作为一种重要的纠纷解决方式,其自主性契合和谐社会民主法治的法律意蕴,保密性契合和谐社会安定有序的法律意蕴,公正性契合和谐社会公平正义的法律意蕴,具有解决纠纷的多种优势。     

压抑的符码 权力的文本——美国黑人妇女刻板形象分析

本文探讨美国黑人妇女最常见的四个刻板形象(保姆、荡妇、福利母亲、母老虎)形成的历史背景,所包含的多重压迫因素,对黑人妇女的身心影响,说明美国社会的变迁和各种社会话语与权力的互动作用。     

效率优先 兼顾公平 按要素分配

按要素分配是社会主义市场经济基本特征与必然要求。要积极探索社会主义市场经济条件下效率优先、兼顾公平、按要素分配的多种分配方式。     

社会视野下的死亡赔偿

“同命不同价”源于目前占据学界主流的继承丧失说及相应制度安排；在对其批评基础上提出的生命损失说，虽有反思性，但仍不能解决根本问题。它们本质上都是损害填补思维的产物，把死亡视为个体利益的损失加以填补。从社会角度看，生命权被侵犯还具有重要的伦理意义。死亡赔偿实际上要综合发挥救济、弘扬、惩罚、预防等多种功能，结合社会现实，考虑社会效果，继承丧失说及其倡导的个殊化赔偿模式殊不可取，死亡赔偿应向相对定额发展。侵权责任法的理论基础仍是继承丧失说，该法第17条并未真正解决“同命不同价”，应通过对死亡赔偿金的扩大解释予以弥补。     

对西方法学"解构"运动的解读

解构主义思潮渗透到法学研究领域形成蔓延了法学的"解构"运动。西方法学的"解构"运动与其说是语言学、哲学以及文学批评理论的外部刺激,更不如说是法学之内的反思积累的支持的结果。法学的"解构"运动拆卸了宏大法律话语、消解了法学中的"二元对立"观念并在此基础上颠覆了法学的"中心主义"等级观念,大大拓展了法学研究的领域和视野,使法学研究出现了多元趋势;但另一方面,解构主义思潮的怀疑主义倾向也给法学研究带来一些负面影响,具有元批评性质的解构主义法学研究缺乏实践指导性,没有方法论的意义。     

政府与制度创新

在阐述制度创新对社会发展之作用的基础上 ,对政府主导的制度创新和多元主体的制度创新作了分析 ,指出 :“多元主体的制度创新结构有利于经济发展 ,而形成这一创新结构的关键是对政府权力的适度、合理制约。