Multiple job holding in rural villages and the Chinese road to development

This paper examines some of the interrelations that exist between rural China's peasant economy and the wider economy in which it is embedded. In doing so it focuses on the circular flows that link town and countryside. Multiple job holding is strategic in this respect. The paper draws on research undertaken in a peasant village in Hebei Province. The research highlights some remarkable differences that exist between development processes in China and in other developing countries and traces these back to a combination of an enlightened rural policy and the strong linkages that exist between rural China and its urban ‘global factory’.     

高职教育中智能培养模式探索

多元智能理论认为．人的智能是多元的，不同的智能都处于同等重要的位置。关键在于注重个体差异、发现优势智能、挖掘潜能。依据该理论．文章结合高等职业教育本身发展的特点，提出了高等职业教育中智能培养模式发展的意义．并对其如何发展进行了初步探索。     

公安机关参与的矛盾纠纷多元解决机制的构建

矛盾纠纷多元解决机制是当今世界各国在纠纷解决和司法制度发展中面临的共同课题，化解社会矛盾纠纷，则成为公安机关现阶段的一个重要研究课题。以新时期公安机关参与矛盾纠纷多元解决机制的理论基础为依据，分析公安机关在化解矛盾纠纷多元机制中的主体地位和作用，找出公安机关在化解矛盾纠纷多元机制中的困境，提出完善公安机关化解矛盾纠纷多元机制的建议。     

法条竞合的学术演进——一个学术史的考察

法条竞合是我国刑法学中一个颇具特色的理论问题,对于正确地解释立法以及正确地适用法条都起到了重要的作用。法条竞合从概念引入到本土化,经历了一个逐渐的学术演变进程,这也是我国刑法学术成长的过程。法条竞合理论讨论中涉及的重法优于轻法等原则的理解与适用,无不与罪刑法定原则相关。可以说,法条竞合的学术史恰是我国刑法理论发展的一个缩影。     

Multileveled citizenship and citizenship education: experiences of students in China's Beijing

With reference to three secondary schools in Beijing, this study investigates students' perceptions of multiple identities at four levels – self, local, national, and global – and the ways in which students form multiple identities. The study uses a mixed methodology of questionnaires and interview surveys to collect data, and identifies four patterns of Beijing students' multiple identities: a high value on self-identity, a strong affective orientation toward local and national identity, minimal distinction between local and national identities, and an imagined global identity. This study provides empirical data that both supplements and challenges the existing literature on citizenship and citizenship education in the context of globalization.     

Simultaneous Homicide–Suicide: A Case Report of Double Drowning

Homicide–suicide is a tragic phenomenon which typically does not result in a criminal charge or trial. However, correct diagnosis and classification of homicide–suicide cases are important to determine the perpetrators and dynamics of each category properly. The deaths in the homicide–suicide acts can be divided into two categories with respect to the number of involved individuals: dyadic deaths and triple or multiple deaths. These two categories can also be divided into two subgroups according to the chronology of the incidents: simultaneous deaths and consecutive deaths. Herein, a simultaneous homicide–suicide case of a father and daughter where both deaths occurred through drowning which was not found in the selected literature review and where the victim was a child is presented. The article aims to clarify the term discrepancies about multiple death cases in the literature and to discuss the pathological and psychosocial characteristics of the simultaneous dyadic death cases.     

The application of multiple lineups in a field study

Abstract

The usefulness of multiple lineups was tested in a field experiment with nine different targets. Six hundred and forty-eight passers-by were asked for directions in the pedestrian zone of a university town. Subsequently, they were approached by a different person and asked to identify the target from portrait, body, and profile lineups. Additionally, participants were asked to identify a shopping bag that the target had carried. Two of the lineups were target-present, and two target-absent. Diagnosticity ratios (DRs) were computed for target/suspect choices, lineup rejections and foil choices. Compared to foil choices and rejections, target/suspect choices were most diagnostic of guilt. Here, the combination of lineups was superior over individual lineups. Lineup rejections showed some capability of establishing innocence, but with lower DRs than target/suspect choices. Here, combinations did not increase diagnosticity. The diagnosticity of multiple foil choices was acceptable for portrait face lineups but limited for all other lineups or combinations.     

镫骨肌声反射推算听敏度及法医学评价

听力损害的法医学鉴定，须采用客观、准确、定量的听力测验方法。声镫骨肌反射具有客观、设备简单、操作方便快捷、检查费用低廉等优点。国外学者对此进行了较多研究，结果差异较大。国内这方面研究较少。本文按严格纳入标准，选择大样本运用逐步多元回归统计分析，建立了推算ＰＴＡ的数学模型，经统计学显著性检验，新建方程具有较高准确性。且可信度均较过去推算方法为好。年龄、中耳阻抗轻度异常对推算准确性无显著影响。声镫骨肌推算听敏度数学模型仍可作为法医学鉴定中客观评定听力下降程度的首选常规方法。     

The utility of whole genome amplification for typing compromised forensic samples

Biological evidence has become invaluable in the crime laboratory; however, it may exist in limited quantity and/or quality. Given this, the ability to amplify total DNA obtained from evidence, in an unbiased manner, would be highly advantageous. Methods for whole genome amplification (WGA) have the potential to fulfill this role, resulting in a virtually unlimited supply of DNA. In the research presented, two WGA methods, improved primer extension preamplification and multiple displacement amplification (MDA), were tested using commercial kits. Control DNA, artificially degraded DNA, and DNA from fresh blood, aged blood, hair shafts, and aged bones underwent WGA, followed by short tandem repeat and mitochondrial DNA analysis. The methods did amplify DNA, but performed poorly on forensically relevant samples; the maximum amplicon size was reduced, and MDA often resulted in extraneous bands following polymerase chain reaction. Taken together, WGA appears to be of limited forensic utility unless the samples are of a very high quality.