The application of multiple lineups in a field study

Abstract

The usefulness of multiple lineups was tested in a field experiment with nine different targets. Six hundred and forty-eight passers-by were asked for directions in the pedestrian zone of a university town. Subsequently, they were approached by a different person and asked to identify the target from portrait, body, and profile lineups. Additionally, participants were asked to identify a shopping bag that the target had carried. Two of the lineups were target-present, and two target-absent. Diagnosticity ratios (DRs) were computed for target/suspect choices, lineup rejections and foil choices. Compared to foil choices and rejections, target/suspect choices were most diagnostic of guilt. Here, the combination of lineups was superior over individual lineups. Lineup rejections showed some capability of establishing innocence, but with lower DRs than target/suspect choices. Here, combinations did not increase diagnosticity. The diagnosticity of multiple foil choices was acceptable for portrait face lineups but limited for all other lineups or combinations.     

Simultaneous Homicide–Suicide: A Case Report of Double Drowning

Homicide–suicide is a tragic phenomenon which typically does not result in a criminal charge or trial. However, correct diagnosis and classification of homicide–suicide cases are important to determine the perpetrators and dynamics of each category properly. The deaths in the homicide–suicide acts can be divided into two categories with respect to the number of involved individuals: dyadic deaths and triple or multiple deaths. These two categories can also be divided into two subgroups according to the chronology of the incidents: simultaneous deaths and consecutive deaths. Herein, a simultaneous homicide–suicide case of a father and daughter where both deaths occurred through drowning which was not found in the selected literature review and where the victim was a child is presented. The article aims to clarify the term discrepancies about multiple death cases in the literature and to discuss the pathological and psychosocial characteristics of the simultaneous dyadic death cases.     

效率优先 兼顾公平 按要素分配

按要素分配是社会主义市场经济基本特征与必然要求。要积极探索社会主义市场经济条件下效率优先、兼顾公平、按要素分配的多种分配方式。     

法条竞合的学术演进——一个学术史的考察

法条竞合是我国刑法学中一个颇具特色的理论问题,对于正确地解释立法以及正确地适用法条都起到了重要的作用。法条竞合从概念引入到本土化,经历了一个逐渐的学术演变进程,这也是我国刑法学术成长的过程。法条竞合理论讨论中涉及的重法优于轻法等原则的理解与适用,无不与罪刑法定原则相关。可以说,法条竞合的学术史恰是我国刑法理论发展的一个缩影。     

Multiple job holding in rural villages and the Chinese road to development

This paper examines some of the interrelations that exist between rural China's peasant economy and the wider economy in which it is embedded. In doing so it focuses on the circular flows that link town and countryside. Multiple job holding is strategic in this respect. The paper draws on research undertaken in a peasant village in Hebei Province. The research highlights some remarkable differences that exist between development processes in China and in other developing countries and traces these back to a combination of an enlightened rural policy and the strong linkages that exist between rural China and its urban ‘global factory’.     

政府与制度创新

在阐述制度创新对社会发展之作用的基础上 ,对政府主导的制度创新和多元主体的制度创新作了分析 ,指出 :“多元主体的制度创新结构有利于经济发展 ,而形成这一创新结构的关键是对政府权力的适度、合理制约。     

运用政协思维 提高协商民主成效

协商是人民政协的重要功能,它要求政协思维方式和思维特点也要与之相适应。但不少地方政协在全局工作安排上、建言献策活动中、会议方式方法上,都不同程度地存在着各种思维误区。为进一步提高协商民主成效,应确立并运用"多元思维与一体要求相统一"、"监督思维与参与合作相一致"、"专业思维与党派特色相结合"的思维方式。     

基于三角模糊数Vague集的多目标决策方案

本文介绍了一种新的模糊集合，即三角模糊数Vague集，此集合采用三角模糊数来表示Vague集的肯定与否定隶属函数值，使其更加灵活地表达不确定数据的形式，在此基础上，还研究了这种集合下的多目标决策问题。     

Personality Profiles of Women in Multiple Abusive Relationships

Personality profiles of women with multiple abusive relationship histories (N = 42) were compared to either abused women with 1 abusive relationship (N = 33) or a control group (N = 52) on the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (Coolidge & Merwin, 1992, J. Pers. Assess. 59: 223–238), a self-report measure based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Women with multiple abusive relationships had higher rates and greater levels of dependent, paranoid, and self-defeating personality disorders than women in the other 2 groups. Women in multiple abusive relationships had significantly more depression, and women in this group with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had significantly more personality disorders than women with single abusive relationships with PTSD. Women in single abusive relationships did not exhibit more psychopathology than women in the control group with matched marital status. Theoretical and methodological issues, and treatment recommendations are discussed.     

和谐社会下仲裁的优势

我国社会多元化的利益冲突和复杂的纠纷类型迫切要求纠纷解决机制的多元化,仲裁作为一种重要的纠纷解决方式,其自主性契合和谐社会民主法治的法律意蕴,保密性契合和谐社会安定有序的法律意蕴,公正性契合和谐社会公平正义的法律意蕴,具有解决纠纷的多种优势。