Narcotics and crime: A causal modeling approach

The present study examines the relationships between narcotics use and criminality utilizing a confirmatory structural equation modeling approach. Latentvariable and manifest-variable models are used to represent causal relationships between narcotics use and criminality in both the postaddiction and the pretreatment periods of the addiction career. Latent-variable models include a preexisting deviance construct as an exogenous factor, and manifest-variable models include a measure of drug trafficking, or dealing, as an influencing variable. Both inclusions are made as an attempt to minimize specification error in the models. The results are consistent in showing that, while simultaneous relationships between narcotics and criminality are clearly demonstrable, the prediction of either variable from the other across time cannot be demonstrated. It is concluded that causal relationships between narcotics and criminality are probably not characterized by an appreciable or identifiable time lag. Other theoretical considerations suggested by the modeling results are discussed, such as the role of idiosyncratic approaches to the economics of maintaining addition.     

青少年网络成瘾的心理诱因及应对策略

青少年是一个自我防护意识和自我控制能力都相对薄弱的群体，青少年的网络成瘾行为是受其特有的心理特点影响的。他们容易被色情信息、暴力游戏等不良网络内容所吸引，过分沉迷网络，形成网瘾，不仅影响了自身正常的学习、生活、人际交往，而且给社会带来巨大危害。应充分认识青少年网络成瘾的心理诱因，采取有效措施，预防和矫正青少年网络成瘾行为。     

从网络成瘾少年的被强制戒除看家庭保障应当承担的社会责任

从近期有关于中国知名戒网瘾专家杨永信用强行禁闭、电休克等非人道的手段进行治疗网瘾患者的事件为引,从家庭保障的角度出发,重点探讨家庭在青少年网络成瘾的问题中应该承担的责任。     

论家庭在戒毒中的作用

家庭是以血缘和亲情为基础的、一个人赖以生存和生活的最基本的组织单位。戒毒,无论接受哪种形式、处于何种阶段,都需要家庭的支持。在不同阶段,家庭的作用侧重点不一。家庭在戒毒中的作用已被理论界和实务界认同。     

析引诱、教唆、欺骗他人吸毒罪中的几个疑难问题

引诱、教唆、欺骗他人吸毒罪侵犯了国家关于麻醉药品、精神药品的管制和他人的身心健康。该罪在主观上行为人明知自己实施引诱、教唆、欺骗行为是为了促使他人吸食、注射毒品而仍然实施;而在客观方面具有行为的非法性、手段的多种多样与导致他人吸毒这一结果三个特征。它在犯罪形态上也表现出自己的特色。     

Patterns of Crime and Substance Abuse among Israeli Ex-Addict Female Inmates

The current study examined the relationship between drug addiction and crime involvement among Israeli female prisoners, and further examined the differential contribution of early onset of drug, sexual abuse and poly drug use, to predict involvement in offenses against person. Fifty-four ex-addict female inmates participated in this study. Research findings indicated that a majority began using drugs prior to their involvement in crime and most were convicted of drug-related crimes. In addition, almost half had a history of sexual abuse. Female inmates who were sexually abused were characterized by an early onset of drug and poly drug use. A relationship was observed between poly drug use and offenses against person. Also, the duration of drug abstinence corresponded to a lower sense of coherence and higher level of trait anxiety among female inmates. The implications of these findings for substance abuse treatment are discussed. Gila Chen, PhD, is a lecturer in the Criminology Department at Ashkelon Academic College and Bar-Ilan University. Her academic interests include youth at risk, female offenders, self-help groups, and drug addiction.     

网络与青少年犯罪心理研究

随着网络逐渐成为我国青少年的生活、学习、娱乐以及交往的重要工具,网络对我国青少年成长的影响程度也正日益加深。通过问卷调查,网络对青少年犯罪心理的影响主要集中在:网络暴力、网络色情、网络成瘾以及不良网友等四个方面。由于网络不良活动对一部分青少年走上犯罪道路确实存在影响,这就要求家庭、学校和社会各方面重视网络对青少年成长的负面影响,并采取相应的有效措施,在指导好青少年正确使用网络这一工具的同时,努力为我国青少年的成长创造一个良性的网络环境。     

Smuggler’s Blues: Examining Why Countries Become Narcotics Transit States Using the New International Narcotics Production and Transit (INAPT) Data Set

We examine the global determinants of the illicit international narcotics trade and the specific roles that states play in it, a topic understudied by international relations scholars. We develop the first comprehensive global data set of state involvement in international narcotics trafficking and then use the data set to empirically test hypotheses concerning the likelihood of countries to serve as transit states for the transshipment of illicit drugs. We find that more-globalized countries are more likely to act as transit states and that the size of the economy, as well as state corruption and a weak rule of law, are positively related to the probability of acting as a transit state. States with a more stable political environment are also more likely to be transit states.