Migrant workers and migrant entrepreneurs: changing established/outsider relations across society and space?

Drawing on Elias and Scotson's theory of established/outsider relations, in this paper we argue that migrants can be outsiders in one spatial context and established in another simultaneously. Our empirical focus is the situations and experiences of migrant workers from Central and Eastern Europe in four towns across Wales. While their position as outsiders is reinforced in the occupational spaces of meat-processing factories, outside the workplace a small but growing number of migrants are engaging in entrepreneurial activities that create new spaces of cultural diversity. We argue that this is having a wider affective impact on established/outsider relations.     

Overview of: “Crime Place and Pollution: Expanding Crime Reduction Options Through a Regulatory Approach”

Research Summary Crime reduction policy has focused almost exclusively on offenders. Recent studies and evaluations show that expanding our policy portfolio to include places may be highly productive. We show that there is considerable research showing that crime is concentrated at a relatively few locations, that high-crime places are stable, that changing places can reduce crime, that displacement is not only far from inevitable but also less likely than the diffusion of crime prevention benefits, and that owners of high-crime places can be held accountable for the criminogenic conditions of their locations. We link these findings to environmental policy, where environmental scientists, economists, and regulators have developed a broad set of regulatory options. The core of this article describes a portfolio of environmental policy instruments directly applicable to crime places. We also discuss major decisions local governments will need to make to implement various forms of regulation, and we list challenges that governments must anticipate in planning for such implementation. We argue that a regulatory approach to crime places has the potential to lower the cost to taxpayers of reducing crime by shifting costs from governments to the relatively few place owners whose actions create crime-facilitating conditions. Policy Implications Taking a regulatory approach to crime places substantially expands the crime policy options under consideration. Regulatory options may increase local governments’ effectiveness at reducing crime while reducing governments’ costs. This is because regulatory approaches have the potential to shift some portion of the financial burden for crime fighting to owners of criminogenic locations. Policy makers can select between means-based anticrime regulations that focus on how place owners manage their locations and ends-based regulations that focus on the number of crimes allowed at places. Both of these approaches contain several alternative regulatory instruments, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Experimenting with various regulatory instruments could lead to the development of a range of new crime reduction policies. In addition, a regulatory approach has implications for the funding of policy research. Means-based regulatory instruments require governments to develop evidence that the means they regulate have the desired impact on crime. Ends-based regulatory instruments shift this burden to the regulated places.     

有缺陷的仲裁协议及其补救

仲裁协议是仲裁制度的基础,仲裁协议有效与否直接关系着仲裁程序能否正常进行。有缺陷的仲裁协议是指仲裁协议中当事人约定的事项不清楚、不规范或内容不符合法律对仲裁协议的要求等缺陷。在仲裁实践中,有缺陷的仲裁协议随处可见。正如合同法的任择性条款是为弥补当事人意思自治的不足而存在,仲裁法也具有与合同法相同的功能,即在当事人的意思表示不完善、有缺陷时,推定当事人的意思表示以弥补仲裁协议的缺陷。     

Lessons from Experiences of Syrian Civil Society in Refugee Education of Turkey

Abstract

Turkey arranges for the protection of about 1.7 million Syrian refugee children on its territory. This article addresses initiatives and policies towards Syrian children in Turkey, considering characteristics and paradigm shift of refugee education in which hosting large refugee populations. It focuses on experiences of refugee community organizations (RCOs) working on the matter of education. Drawing on an exploratory case study with purposively selected Syrian RCOs in Istanbul, it particularly investigates to explore activities of “Temporary Education Centers” emerging in the emergency-based perspective in early times of Syrian refugee migration and radically disappearing in the integration-based interventions of the State. We will discuss handicaps of making schools refugee places linking with the socio-political conditions of post-displacement and possibilities of cultural orientation of the refugee agency.     

新形势下成人高等教育发展探索

随着21世纪知识经济的来临,社会主义市场经济的日益发展和完善,成人高等教育在普通高等教育大规模扩大招生规模的夹击中,要如何生存和发展?本文揭示了成人高等教育的地位,面临的问题以及在改革中如何求得发展。     

天水地名新探

天水地名由何而来,众说纷纭,其思路大都在"水"字上绕圈子。"天水"一词,源于《周易》讼卦,即"天水讼"。其卦辞曰:"天与水违行,讼。"为争端之意。用作地名,其意为兵家必争之地。天水得名,是汉武帝为纪念天水之地在开启丝绸之路和对于匈奴的战争中所处的战略地位而于元鼎三年(公元前114年)所置。     

The Sovereign Event in a Nation's Law

This article interrogates the relationship between the sovereign event and a legal decision that purports to place sovereignty beyond law. It argues that sovereignty cannot be regarded as unitary, and elaborates the process of iterability by which the sovereign event is split from the outset. This dynamic is examined through an interrogation of the non-justiciability of sovereignty in Mabo v. Queensland (No. 2)(1992). Along with the unitary conception of sovereignty, Mabo (No. 2) deployed an absolute measure for community in the form of the ‘skeletal principle’ of the doctrine of tenure. The paper argues that a conception of the political that affirms the One sovereign source of community and law instead of the original dis-position of law, nation and community repeats the original violence, and will, at best, run aground on the righteous (mis)recognition of the ‘appropriate savage’. It concludes with an indicative rethinking of community through the thought of Jean-Luc Nancy. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

推进旅游综合改革试验区养老市场建设刍议

随着老龄化人口的增长,社会养老问题将成为城市的一个重要关注点。如今,越来越多有一定经济实力的老人盼望多元化养老。异地置业养老风正悄然兴起。把桂林打造为医疗服务水平高、社保建设和各种基础设施比较完善的养老胜地,应成为推进桂林国家旅游综合改革试验区建设的一个方向。     

论侦查的起点

在司法实践中,由于现行刑事诉讼法规定的立案条件过高,使得一些有线索的案件达不到立案的＂合法＂要求,这不仅限制了侦查主体在程序启动上的主动性,而且严重制约了对相当一部分犯罪的预防与打击。文章借鉴域外随机型侦查启动模式,提出了以＂犯罪线索＂为起点启动侦查的＂立线侦查＂模式,并对其必要性、可行性以及实施要旨进行了分析。