中国人类学研究50年回顾

人类学在中国已经走过了近一个世纪的历程.前半世纪是人类学从西方传入中国,开始起步发展和传播的时期,在"抗战"前后达到中国人类学研究的第一个峰值;后半世纪中国人类学经历了坎坷曲折的发展过程,在文化大革命期间跌落至谷底,本世纪80年代,中国人类学研究重获新生,并于90年代后期在中国学术界的影响与日俱增.经历了大起大落之后,中国人类学在面向21世纪之时,在新的起点上正逐渐走向规范化、体系化及本土化,并以崭新的姿态准备充实现代国际人类学的理论和方法、为中国人类学研究做出相应的贡献.回顾和反思这一历程将有助于我们进一步深刻地认识中国人类学的历史地位、社会价值及总结经验教训,为中国人类学在新世纪的发展提供借鉴和建设性的参考意见.     

什么才是法治的本土资源——兼对苏力本土资源理论的考察

在苏力先生本土资源理论研究的基础之上,对法治本土资源理论中几个基本概念、历史沿革以及国外经验、教训的理论进行分析,对苏力<法治及其本土资源>一书中的几个"典型案例"的实例考察,证明不存在苏力所言的现代法治制度供给的不适用,或这种情况并非普遍情况,在此基础上,提出关于本土资源的观点.     

对法不容情的批判性解读——以容隐制度与亲属拒证权为视角

通过对中国的容隐制度和西方的亲属拒证权进行考察发现,亲属容隐制度与西方大多数国家所规定的亲属拒证权有着共同的价值基础。虽然这项制度在建国后被当作封建消极的东西予以摒弃,但是在当代中国仍有其存在的合理性,而且具有回归的现实基础,应当在立法中重新设立这一制度。对“法不容情”应作批判性的解读。     

长辛店--北方工人运动的重要发源地

建党初期,北京共产主义小组在长辛店铁路工人中,建立劳动补习学校,宣传马克思主义,并在此基础上,创建了工人自己的组织--京汉铁路长辛店工人俱乐部.由此,长辛店铁路工人在北京党组织领导与工会组织的带领下,有计划、有目的的同资本家展开坚决斗争.长辛店铁路工人掀起的工运高潮,对北方及京汉铁路沿线的工人运动产生重要影响,各地纷纷效仿长辛店成立"工人俱乐部",开展罢工斗争.     

Naqshbandi Sufis and their conception of place,time and fear on the Turkish-Syrian border and borderland

The employment of diverse forms of security and control on territorial borders have led to the production of numerous events of border crossings, smuggling, banditry and death along with stories of separation, loss, mourning, pain, and yearning in the everyday life of border people. The Naqshbandi Khaznavi order has an expansive interpersonal social network across the political borders of Turkish and Syrian nation-states. This work analyzes the ways in which Sufis dealt with diverse aspects of the Turkish-Syrian border by unbinding shackles and orders of political system that were fabricated constantly from the 1920s to the early 1980s. The life stories and narratives of the Sufis document the existence of a religious-cultural landscape, diversifying the perception of place, time and fear which have transcended political borders for decades, contradicting official cartographic imagination and the modern-secular understanding of place and time. Besides, in addition to analyses of religious orders as social, economic and political entities, this work aims to elucidate emotional aspects of relations and faith that coexist between Sufis and their Sheikh in the context of spatial distance, political border and fear of death.     

Vulnerability,Agency and the Ambivalence of Place in Narratives of Rape in Three High-Profile Swedish Cases

For decades, the media have frequently been instrumental in framing rape cases by linking the deed with the place. This study demonstrates that law courts are not innocent of such social framing; on the contrary, they are significant agents. We argue that courts, by shaping the plot in rape cases, participate in an ongoing cultural production of meaning, although in a more subtle and ambivalent way than the media. In a narrative analysis of three contemporary rape cases in Sweden, we bring together feminist research on place with the concepts of vulnerability and agency. We argue that place is framed as ambivalent in relation to vulnerability and agency, and dependent on the positioning of plaintiff and defendant. In court narratives, geographical places are made relevant, including the locations where the alleged rapes took place. Court narratives of rape include highly ambivalent connotations with place in relation to vulnerability and agency, distinguished by different narratives and outcomes in the various instances. The legal and social implications of our work should include an awareness of the relevance of place in relation to rape.     

民族性视野下的中国早期乡土文学之现代性求取

中国早期乡土文学是在启蒙理性的追求、时代的批判与俗世的阐述大背景中展开的。批判性主题的展现、理性价值的求取、乡土文化隐喻是早期乡土文学现代性特征的主要表证。早期乡土文学是乡土作家们带着理性的审视、反省态度进行文学创作的结果,是在民族性视野中"人的发现"启迪基础上的"故乡的发现"。比照30年代以后文学发展的历程,可以说,中国文学"走出中世纪"的标志是早期乡土作家站在民族性认同的话语背景中,在创作乡土文学时对文学现代性的求取。     

新时期发展桂林民族文化的若干思考

桂林市民族文化工作已取得了较大的成效。但在民族文化的保护、利用和开发方面还存在一些问题,应针对有关问题,从提高发展认识,完善文化机构设施,抢救文化遗产,加强人才培养,鼓励艺术创作,促进文化活动开展和文化旅游等方面创新模式,使民族文化活动直接产生经济效益,增强民族文化的可持续发展。     

基于和谐社会建设的警务“人本化”思考

在构建社会主义和谐社会的背景下,维护社会稳定的核心理念是坚持以人为本。人民警察作为构建和谐社会这个根本目标的重要承担者和实践者,在警务改革与实践中必须摒弃传统的物化倾向,坚持"以民为本",始终把最广大人民群众的根本利益作为全部活动的出发点和归宿;坚持"以警为本",激发和调动人民警察队伍的积极主动性和创造性,使警务发展和建设始终与构建和谐社会的目标相一致,不断提高警务"人本化"建设水平。     

论20世纪中国乡土文学的现代悲怆意识

中国20世纪文学史是一部乡土文学在现代文化语境和民族救亡图存的历史背景下的流变史。乡土文学这个主题蕴涵着现代与传统、救亡与启蒙、幻想与现实、离去与回归等现代文学母题。乡土文学在对传统文化的留恋与批判、对现代文明的拒斥与认同等多重叙述中,折射出20世纪乡土作家们作为叙述主体巨大的精神困境,他们为中国20世纪文学书写了悲怆的一笔。