The Natural Law Foundation of the Market

In answering three important questions related to natural law, this paper offers a coherent explanation of the market. We argue that the market, rather than a mechanism that simply serves narrow self-interests, finds its legitimacy in the ethical origins of the market order. The need for law to support and sustain the market, including by imposing necessary limits on the freedom of the market players, flows from those ethical origins.     

Stakeholder involvement in collaborative regulatory processes: Using automated coding to track attendance and actions

Regulation increasingly mandates collaborative approaches to increase stakeholder input and streamline approval processes. However, understanding how to maintain stakeholder involvement over the course of a long collaborative process is vital to optimize effectiveness. This paper observes more than 700 stakeholders involved in developing and implementing a dam operating license over 16 years. We use text mining and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to observe meeting attendance and recorded actions in meeting minutes. We find that involvement decreased after the initial planning phase, but steadily increased through license development and implementation. After the regulatory mandate to consult with external stakeholders dissolved, overall attendance declined while attendance stability increased, meaning that the non‐mandatory stage involved a smaller cadre of dedicated actors. This indicates that high‐performing mandated stakeholder involvement processes rely on a constrained group of conveners to sustain interaction and have less turnover than what might be expected given existing evidence from grassroots involvement; assumptions about group dynamics based on involvement in grassroots processes may lead to improper predictions about who will participate, and how, in processes where stakeholder involvement is mandated.     

罗马自然法思想探析

罗马自然法思想的最早渊源可溯及古希腊哲学.罗马法中所包含的自然法思想对罗马法的发展和完善起着举足轻重的作用.罗马自然法思想对人类的贡献主要表现为它为人类提供了一种价值观念.罗马自然法思想对我国法治建设的启示为①法律的价值分为实然价值和应然价值;②法治不仅是手段,更重要的是目的.     

陕甘宁边区乡村民众的防灾备荒措施研究

灾荒肆虐、灾害频繁曾是陕甘宁边区乡村社会的一大顽症，如何应对灾荒既是党和政府的重要职责，更是乡村民众必须面对的一个现实问题。陕甘宁边区的乡村民众有着系统而具体的防灾备荒措施，总结这些措施，既能再现当年救灾抗灾的生动画面，又能挖掘出其中的宝贵经验，为当前提供可资借鉴的经验。     

论《自然辩证法》中的生态思想

《自然辩证法》是马克思主义哲学的一部经典著作，在文中包含着马克思和恩格斯的自然观。在《自然辩证法》中，恩格斯强调了自然界对于人类的重要作用，指出了人类活动会带来生态问题，表明只有改变资本主义私有制才是解决生态文明的必由之路。     

Preventing Transboundary Crises: The Management and Regulation of Setbacks

Setbacks—unanticipated, unwanted, and often sudden checks on moving forward—are common in crisis prevention. Managing setbacks, however, is rarely discussed. Even less discussed is the central role that setback management can play in preventing transboundary crises across interdependent critical infrastructures for electricity, water, transportation, and financial services. With a focus on the ongoing financial crisis and on strategies for resilience and anticipation, the article draws out implications for crisis prevention as the first, rather than last, line of defense in managing future crises.     

西欧中世纪社会契约论的发展与繁荣——以自然权利论为视角

西欧中世纪，社会契约论从人类社会关系论发展到政治权威基础论，将现代社会和现代国家理解为唯意志论的产物，即享有自然权利的理性人的立宪合意，因而成为解释社会与政治权威起源的著名理论假说。但是，社会契约论必须以自然法、自然权利论为基础，只有基于权利天赋同时不可让渡之逻辑，统治权才能在根本上属于人民，人民才有权缔结宪法契约并监督公共权力的运作。     

浅谈矿业权的概念

长期以来,我国矿业领域没有一套成熟的法律概念。究其原因,是立法的滞后和法学研究的随意性造成的。根据对矿业法律关系的分析,将矿业权定义为:矿业权是指在矿业法律关系中存在的,矿业法律关系主体享有的,包括矿业所有权、矿业勘查权、矿业开采权、矿业转让权、矿业环境权在内的各种权利的总称。     

从神谕到自然的启示:古希腊自然法的源起与生成

自然法发源于古希腊,脱胎于从神话的没落到理性知识诞生的演进过程。在神话时代,以正义为内容的超验法理念孕育而成。神话衰落之时,自然主义者将自然与事物的“质料”或“本原”等同起来,宣称万物都有一个非神的本原和遵循一个普遍的规律,以此提出自然法和人定法概念,得出人定法由自然法派生的论断。正当自然主义者以人定法具有自然法的正义秉性为据大力捍卫城邦法律之时,悲剧作家则发现了人定法与自然法的冲突,从而第一次赋予自然法以道德的内涵。其后的智者学派则以人的自然本性为据,重新定义了自然法,使自然法由宇宙的普遍法则演变成人类的固有法则,并从怀疑主义的立场将自然法与人定法对立起来,引申出一系列人类法律的价值和特有法则,标志着自然法概念的正式生成。     

论《圣经》与自然法的差异及深层勾连

<圣经>与自然法思想发展演变的关系的核心在于以信仰同理性的深层关联,进而延伸至精神生活与社会生活、理性神与形而上学的神圣者之间关系的讨论,三对概念间存在着理路连接与意义互释.古代自然法思想与中世纪自然法思想的基础是世界的目的性,人的理性是对上帝智慧的分享,这两种世界目的都被哲学化为形而上学的神圣者.近代自然权利理论充溢着乐观主义与此岸性,对个人自身的理性和普遍道德信心十足,抽象的个人理性被神圣化.