Responsible use of crop protection products and Nigeria's growth enhancement support scheme

This article examines the impact of the federal government of Nigeria's growth enhancement support scheme (GESS) on responsible use of crop protection products (CPPs) in rural Nigeria. Results from the logistic regressions show that GESS significantly impact on farmers’ access to CPPs but does not significantly impact on farmers’ knowledge and skill of CPP application, and that in several cases misuse has led to deterioration of soil fertility. Findings suggests that embracing information on recommended CPPs, dose rates, dilutions, timing, frequency of applications, and precautions should form the foundation of GESS activity on CPPs in sub-Saharan Africa.     

休谟问题与自然法

自然法作为一个重要的法理学流派有着重要的和不可或缺的地位,虽然自近代以来就不断遭受实证法学者的责难,但要完全排除自然法的影响也在实践中证明了它的不可能性,实证法名家凯尔森、哈特在其著作中也不能完全做到这一点,比如哈特在他的《法律的概念》中公开地宣称要保留"最小限度的自然法"。具有认识论意义的"休谟问题"的提出使我们更深入地接触到自然法的核心,通过"休谟问题"这一线索,我们可以更清晰地认识自然法的历史变迁,因此,"休谟问题"是值得我们探索自然法理论的关键一环。     

Understanding resource nationalism: economic dynamics and political institutions

Resource nationalism is on the rise around the globe. During the recent global resource boom, many governments have adopted nationalistic policies to maximise the political and economic benefits from their mining and energy sectors. Existing theories of resource nationalism rely upon economistic bargaining models, which fail to interrogate how political processes shape governments’ resource policy strategies. This article extends and develops these bargaining models by theorising the role of political institutions – specifically those found in rentier, developing and liberal market economies – in determining patterns of resource nationalism. A survey of 12 major resource-producing countries reveals that contemporary resource nationalism takes a range of distinct forms, which are connected to differences in political institutions that structure the objectives and policies of governments. It is therefore argued that while economic dynamics function as an enabling factor, political institutions are an equally important conditioning factor shaping the distinctive forms of resource nationalism observed today.     

The Institutional Dimension of the Entrepreneurship

This paper discusses the institutional dimension of the entrepreneurship. Besides providing products for the society, entrepreneurs silently influence the institution, which is perceptually invisible but actually exists with deep significance. Therefore, it is argued that a corporate may be destructive to institution even though it creates value for the society. This paper divides institution into three levels including organization, general rules and culture and interprets the reason why the “rational behaviors” of a entrepreneur may form a “prevalent atmosphere” deviating from the natural laws which may finally destroy the social institutional environment. In the end, it is believed in the paper that the social responsibility of entrepreneurs includes not only the commitment to public interest and environment protection etc., but also the efforts to consciously promote the institutional improvement.     

重大自然灾害应急处置与权利保护

在重大自然灾害面前各种社会主体的应急行为及其与权利保护之间的协调很重要,主张保护权利和维护公共利益同样重要。应急处置中的各种措施和各种社会主体在实施处置行为时都应充分考虑对权利的保护,也应关注职责在身时保护自身权利的限度。     

论新疆多元民族文化的多源生成与发展

新疆地处欧亚大陆的腹地,作为民族迁徙的走廊,多民族聚居杂处、共同发展,各民族文化在这里相互影响、相互渗透、相互交融,形成了新疆民族文化多源生成、多元并存与发展的文化体系,并体现出鲜明的民族特色。     

论民事执行案外人的救济途径

因民事执行重在迅速的特性,案外人难免会遭受侵害,为此应当给予案外人救济。案外人对执行标的物的争议是民事实体权利义务纠纷,基于审执分离的理论,普遍的观点认为执行机构无权处理案外人异议。现行法律虽然给执行机构处理案外人争议提供了僭妄的机会,但并不意味着执行机构无权处理案外人争议,不论从法理,还是从诉讼经济原则,执行机构处理案外人争议都具有正当性。但是执行机构对案外人争议无最终处理权,在当事人对执行机构的处理不服时,应当由审判机构作最终处理。     

Mental Illness and Legal Fitness (Competence) to Stand Trial in New York State: Expert Opinion and Criminal Defendants' Psychiatric Symptoms,

Fitness to Stand Trial is a critical concept in the adjudication of justice‐involved persons. A retrospective study was conducted to examine criminal defendants' specific psychiatric symptoms and those symptoms' associations with expert opinions on Competence to Stand Trial. One hundred charts were reviewed: 50 Cases (opined as Not Fit) were compared against 50 Controls (opined as Fit) with respect to ratings on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). A significance level of 0.001 was selected a priori. Statistically significant differences were found in seven of the eighteen BPRS symptom constructs (with the highest differences in Conceptual Disorganization and Unusual Thought Content) and two of the four BPRS higher‐order syndrome factors (Thinking Disorder and Hostile‐Suspiciousness). Consistent with previous reports, psychotic symptoms are found in this study to be inversely associated with Fitness. Validity, reliability, and limitations of this study, as well as directions for future research, are discussed herein.     

山地起源与自然意趣:台湾高山族休闲文化研究

台湾高山族在历史长河中依托独特的地理环境,创造、延承了丰富多元的休闲活动,呈现出自然意趣、艺术美学、实用元素、神话色彩等文化特质。作为中华休闲文化的重要组成部分,高山族休闲文化富含当代人文价值。新时代背景下,应从中华文化整体性出发,积极发挥高山族休闲文化的自然和谐理念。在推动两岸休闲文化交流的同时,促进两岸同胞休闲质量的同步提升和美好生活的共同实现。     

Demanding Their Rights? Collective Identity and the Tactics of Older Persons’ Organisations at the UN

ABSTRACT

Recent scholarship in International Relations focuses on the tactics of international non-government organisations and transnational advocacy networks, with scholars mostly explaining the diverse and dynamic tactics of organisations working on similar issues. Based on multiple qualitative data sources, this article explores why the members of a transnational advocacy network, comprising organisations of, and representing, older persons, that are calling for a UN Convention on the Rights of Older Persons adopt tactics that are static, uniform and surprisingly softly-softly, despite their modest gains since the issue was put on the UN’s agenda nine years ago. The article demonstrates many of the existing explanations for tactical choices, but it extends what we know by importing the concept of collective identity from social movement studies. It argues that the older persons’ network has a weak collective identity that is conservative in nature, which influences the tactics deployed at the UN.