The Thinking of the Road to the Whole Caliber Budget in Fiscal and Taxation in a Legal Perspective

The newly promulgated “budget law” stipulated in article 4 that all government revenues should be brought into the budget management, namely the whole caliber budget. Its original purpose is to realize the legal control of government revenue and expenditure behavior, however, due to the conflict between the law, department of vested interests conformity, various legal spending and budget supervision of National People's Congress of anomie, and many other factors exist in different degrees to thwart the citizens of the character of the original“control ”. Therefore, the revised budget legal rules as well as the power structure adjustment is to resolve the all caliber plight of budget implementation solution.     

武装冲突法的新发展：“战后法”法律问题研究

冲突后阶段作为武装冲突的特殊阶段已为人们所认可,正义战争理论关于＂战后正义＂的讨论为＂战后法＂提供了理论来源。事实上,传统武装冲突法不能涵盖冲突后阶段的所有内容,当前武装冲突法中调整冲突后阶段关系的实体规则需要加以完善,＂战后法＂应作为其独立分支调整该阶段的特殊法律关系,以保障从冲突到和平的实现。此外,国际上处理冲突后重建问题的其他机制,如＂联合国建设和平计划＂、＂保护的责任＂等,也为＂战后法＂的建立及完善提供了实践上的启示。     

“战后法”视野下联合国维和行动机制的制度化革新简

维持和平行动作为联合国维护国际和平与安全的一种重要方式,在避免冲突和恢复和平方面起到了重要作用.当前维和行动对传统维和原则的突破是国际环境变化和联合国实践相互作用的结果,维和行动由“冷却冲突”到“解决冲突”的嬗变也面临着许多困境,“战后法”为维和行动提供了新的理论基础和法律语境,能力建设是它对维和行动提出的新的要求,它有助于推动维和行动向更加系统化和规范化的方向发展.     

重新解读《费尔巴哈和德国古典哲学的终结》

《路德维希·费尔巴哈和德国古典哲学的终结》是马克思主义创始人的基本著作之一，具有重要的理论价值和现实意义，是中共中央党校学习马克思主义经典著作的必修课。鉴于讲授和解读中存在的误解和偏差，为了做到原原本本地领会这篇著作的基本精神，突出重点地把握其中的主要观点，使其真正成为我们党的指导思想的理论基础，有必要在深入研究的基础上重新解读。这篇著作的核心是阐明哲学的终结和与之相对立的马克思唯物主义历史观的确立，学习的主要目的在于掌握唯物主义历史观及其辩证法的一般规律，为系统学习马克思主义奠定科学的世界观和思维方法。     

职务犯罪法律适用问题及其对策——以农村基层组织为视角

查处农村基层组织人员职务犯罪遇到的问题较多。立法解释划分"村务"与"公务",且未将村民小组长、村会计和出纳列为执行公务的主体,这不利于对农村基层组织人员职务犯罪的打击。为解决农村基层组织人员职务犯罪法律适用问题,建议修改"2000立法解释",赋予检察机关以相对宽泛的机动侦查权,规定农村基层组织人员也可成为渎职犯罪的主体。     

The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on the Health and Labor Supply of Older Adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

Older adults are at elevated risk of reducing labor supply due to poor health, partly because of high rates of symptoms that may be alleviated by medical marijuana. Yet, surprisingly little is known about how this group responds to medical marijuana laws (MMLs). We quantify the effects of state medical marijuana laws on the health and labor supply of adults age 51 and older, focusing on the 55 percent with one or more medical conditions with symptoms that may respond to medical marijuana. We use longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study to estimate event study and differences‐in‐differences regression models. Three principle findings emerge from our analysis. First, active state medical marijuana laws lead to lower pain and better self‐assessed health among older adults. Second, state medical marijuana laws lead to increases in older adult labor supply, with effects concentrated on the intensive margin. Third, the effects of MMLs are largest among older adults with a health condition that would qualify for legal medical marijuana use under current state laws. Findings highlight the role of health policy in supporting work among older adults and the importance of including older adults in assessments of state medical marijuana laws.     

以《大明令》为枢纽看中国古代律令制体系

清代有律、有例而无令,清例沿用明令,数量虽然不大,但揭示了明代令制的去向。这一事件的性质,只有从部门法视角看,才能准确地为其定位;对清例转化明令的基本事实的分析,有助于厘清律令制发展的线索;比较晋唐宋令、元条格与明令、清例的沿袭关系,对中国古代法律部门的初始分化、法典分工及编纂等问题的理解和把握,具有重要理论意义。     

市场主体与法治政府的关系

在经济法领域,投资者、经营者和消费者属于＂市场主体＂,而政府则属于＂市场秩序主体＂。在现代市场经济条件下,政府干预经济的行为对市场秩序的构建发挥了重要作用。为了避免＂政府失灵＂削减政府构建市场秩序的能力,有必要建设法治政府。首先,依法限制政府干预经济的范围,有助于构建自由规范的市场进退秩序、自由公平的市场竞争秩序和市场交易秩序。其次,要求政府依据公开的程序干预经济,有助于提升市场秩序的可接受度。另外,加强政府责任制度建设对市场秩序的构建起到重要的保障和促进作用。     

Revolving door laws and state public utility commissioners

This paper investigates the effects of revolving door regulations – laws that restrict the post‐government employment opportunities of public sector workers – on the characteristics of state public utility commissioners. We find that commissioners from states with revolving door regulations have less expertise, serve shorter terms, and are less likely to be subsequently employed by the private sector, compared with their counterparts from states without revolving door laws. These findings suggest that revolving door regulations may have costly unintended consequences.