打击恐怖主义对当代国际法律框架的影响

打击恐怖主义是当今国际社会的共识 ,但对恐怖主义活动的打击应在国际法律框架的约束下进行。尊重国家主权 ,加强国际合作 ,特别是要发挥联合国的主导作用 ,在这种条件下采取的反恐怖行动才能产生积极的效果。     

从国内外条约适用的理论和实践看我国法院WTO法适用模式选择

WTO因仅强调政府间贸易关系成为国际贸易公法 ,它并非国际习惯法 ,而是国际社会长期谈判和妥协的结果 ,其政治性和政策性远强于一般国际条约。由于WTO法的性质、地位以及经济贸易利益的重要性使得各国争相制定法律成为必要选择 ,否定WTO法的直接适用效力已成为一种广为接受的实践和趋势。所以 ,作者认为我国应选择间接适用WTO模式 ,统一适用国内法。     

道德法则与生态法则的平衡 --兼论儒家"普遍和谐"观念的现代意义

人类明的发展不仅仅是社会历史的演进，还是人与自然变化的过程。当代人类社会所面临的生态危机背后隐藏的是基本价值的危机，即道德法则与生态法则的失衡。为了寻求人类的可持续发展，人们重新认识到了以“自然的和谐。、“人和自然的和谐。以及“人自我身心内外的和谐”为核心的儒家“普通和谐”观念在现代社会所具有的现实意义。     

三代领导核心与依法治国

依法治国,是推进我国政治体制改革,建设社会主义法治国家的重大方略。在以江泽民同志为核心的第三代领导集体的领导下,该方略才最终成为中国政治改革和现代化建设的重要内容。     

Islamic Fundamentalism and Women's Economic Role: The Case of Iran

It is commonly believed that Islamic fundamentalism is responsible for the low female employment rate in the Middle East and North Africa. I earlier presented evidence from Indonesia indicating that the deteriorating conditions of women's economic role in the 1990s was related to the economic circumstances of the Asian Crisis, not to the rise of political Islam (Bahranitash, 2002). In fact, in Indonesia, increasing support for the Islamic movement was itself spurred by the Asian Crisis. As a contrasting case, I here examine Iran, a country where political Islam has been in power for over two decades. If commonly held views about the impact of the Islamic religion on female employment were true, one would expect a steady or sharp decline of the female employment rate in postrevolutionary Iran. The empirical data show the reverse. Women's formal employment rates increased in the 1990s and did so much faster than they had during the 1960s and 1970s, when a pro-Western secular regime was in power. This sharp increase in women's employment seriously challenges the view that religion explains women's economic status in Muslim countries. The evidence from Iran indicates that the situation of women's employment there has followed a common pattern of elsewhere in the South—an overall increase in female employment. This fact then suggests that the forces of international political economy, rather than religion, appear to be a determining factor in the state of women's economic role in Iran.     

纪检监察机关法治反腐的困境与对策

我们党高度重视反腐倡廉法规制度建设,取得了很大成绩,但仍然还存在不少问题和不足,特别是适应新形势下反腐倡廉要求的法规制度体系还不健全,纪检监察机关在坚持法治反腐的过程中有可能陷入困境。因此,一方面通过建立健全法律法规,提高反腐的法制化水平;另一方面,要加强教育与监督,提高法治反腐的执行力。     

论民法研究范式的绿色转向

在转型中国的时代背景下,民法研究范式应该实现绿色转换,即民法研究应该以建构一种人与自然、人与人之间以及人内心整体动态和谐的绿色市民社会秩序为根本目标,以包容协作为基本理念,以弱势群体的保护、协作精神的贯彻、利益冲突的疏导作为民事制度建构的基本方向,在民法的内外体系上对传统理论进行革新,从而确立一个新的学术共同体和新的研究范式,来回应生态、人态和心态日益紧张的现代市民社会。     

从中西比较视角看儒家的法律传统——以法律社会学和司法能动主义为基点

从法律社会学的视角审视儒家的法律传统可以发现,儒家所理解的法律是广义的,它既包括国家制定法(刑),也包括礼制、礼义、道德、习俗、人情、天道等在内的所谓活法。活法在一般情况下并无国家强制力,但有社会强制力。当然,它在有些时候渗透于国家法典中,在另一些时候又被直接用作审判的依据———此种情况下的活法无疑是有国家强制力的。儒家的法观念实际上是致力于情理(活法)与国法之间的平衡,因而在司法实践中体现了一种明显的张力和弹性,因此与英美法系的传统比较接近。     

医学新媒体背景下的新型法律冲突与对策

在当代新媒体迅猛发展并以多种形式广泛介入医疗行业的前提下,由医学多媒体传播而引发的隐私权、名誉权、虚假宣传、散布谣言、准医疗行为的侵权等法律冲突的新形式不断涌现。此类医学新媒体法律纠纷的类型、责任主体和责任的承担方式有自己的特征,因此管理者有必要重新审视防范此类法律冲突,具体可采取疏导、改进管理方式、设置法律底线等管理原则与举措。     

Military Tribunals or Civilian Prosecution: The Dilemma of Unlawful Enemy Combatants

As twenty first century America grapples with an increasingly amorphous yet sophisticated terrorist threat, it is illuminating to examine the evolving role of military and civilian courts and laws in our history and their relationship to due process and civil liberties during times of conflict. Caught in the gray area are those individuals who came to be designated as unlawful enemy combatants. Not quite soldier, spy, saboteur, or common criminal these new stateless terrorists have been held by some to be at the complete mercy of the Commander-in-Chief. As history has shown, in the wake of armed conflict, executive authority is often enhanced and tolerated in the name of national security. However, when these broadened powers cease to be regarded as an immediate necessity, the levers of politics, the Courts, and diplomacy invariably act to define both the limits on governmental authority as well as the extent of individual protections.