人民警察失范行为的原因分析及解决路径研究

人民警察是党和人民可以信赖的忠诚可靠的队伍。但在公安队伍中，也有不能忽视的滥用职权、特权思想、玩忽职守等警察失范行为。恶劣的性质，严重的后果，侵犯了公民的合法权益，危害了国家的安全稳定，影响了社会的进步与和谐，破坏了公安机关的形象和声誉。必须扫除公安队伍中的“害群之马”，维护社会大局稳定，为实现“中国梦”提供有力的支撑和保障。     

权利外“行为自由”的规制

我国因缺乏对基本权利的权威解释,以致目前出现了因禁乞、限制设置室外可见的室内广告等引发的行政合法性危机。基于我国国情,我们无法照搬西方宪政的经验,而只能创造出"权利外行为自由"的概念,将不为法律限制也不受法律保护的行为纳入其中。这样的自由对国家权力仅具弱拘束力。根据对我国《宪法》文本的学理解释,国家有权对权利外行为自由进行规制,但对不具负外部性的行为和不具规制必要性的行为,国家不得规制。为保障规制权不被滥用,规制主体有义务作出让公众信服的理由说明,确保不存在"多数人的偏见"和"少数人的偏见"。     

Individual level dynamics of PTV change across the electoral cycle

Propensity-to-vote (PTV) scores are ever more commonly used in electoral research as a measure of electoral utilities. Yet a growing literature employs them as dependent variable in the voting equation in place of the lower information granted by vote recall questions. However, this choice can be seen as problematic because of the very structure of election survey research. To the extent that voters' PTVs are measured in post-election surveys (as it is often the case) these are likely to result endogenously produced by actual voting behavior in the past election – thus partly undermining the validity of the PTV question which, ideally, should not be related to any specific election. In this paper, we try to disentangle the relationship between short-term political attitudes (leader evaluations, issue proximity, economic assessments) and voters' changing patterns of propensities to vote in both an electoral and a non-electoral context. The latter scenario serves as a means to rule out the potentially contaminating effect of voting choices on voters' PTVs. The data comes from two panel surveys of Italian voters conducted by ITANES in occasion of the 2006 general election, and in 2011 (that is, in a non-electoral year) respectively.     

嫖宿幼女罪模式新探

近年,社会公众对嫖宿幼女罪争论很大。由于对象的特殊性,立法者将嫖客纳入刑法,嫖宿的本质并非是否存在金钱,而是奸淫。区分嫖宿幼女罪与奸淫幼女犯罪的关键在于行为模式,即是否存在有三方关系的商品交易模式。我国司法解释对本罪的主观要件采用主客观相统一标准,英美的严格责任更能体现对幼女的保护。刑事法律不同于民事,侧重点不同,民法侧重关系,刑法侧重对行为的处罚。社会公众对本罪的质疑折射的是对司法的不信任。     

非法集资犯罪若干问题研究——以《最高人民法院关于审理非法集资刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》为切入点

2011年《最高人民法院关于审理非法集资刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》对于非法集资活动的刑法规制更为明确,但是学界对此司法解释看法不一。我们必须首先明确通过《刑法》规制的非法集资行为的范围,重新审视非法集资行为的认定方法,明确非法集资行为的四个特征并不是简单的并列关系;其次厘清非法吸收公众存款罪与集资诈骗罪的关系;最后对司法解释中推定非法占有目的的客观标准进行正确认识。     

浅议诈骗罪中的财产处分行为

认定诈骗罪q-的处分行为,必须满足处分资格、处分能力、处分意识、处分方式和处分结果五个素。五个素缺一不可,并且是诈骗罪与其他财产型犯罪的重区别。诈骗罪中的处分行为是具有处分资格的受骗人在有处分能力的前提下,有意识的终局性转移财产的占有。     

新疆特警人格因素研究

采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)对新疆执行特殊任务的406名特警进行调查,结果显示:特警的16PF测试结果与全国常模相比,除了稳定性、有恒性、幻想性、世故性和自律性五个因素没有差异外,其他因素均有极其显著性差异;在次元人格因素测试结果中显示67.9%的特警心理健康,12.5%的特警有较好成就,7.1%的特警创造力强;12.5%的特警有成功的希望。以上结果充分说明新疆特警具有高乐群性、高聪慧性、高恃强性、高兴奋性、高敢为性、高敏感性、高忧虑性、高紧张性和低怀疑性、低实验性、低独立性等人格特质。但因工作性质特殊,他们也会出现焦虑和紧张情绪,这需要在今后的工作中加强训练。     

Cue utilization in the product authentication process: a framework and research agenda for product counterfeit prevention

Scholars suggest that consumers rely on heuristics to evaluate products. They employ both extrinsic and intrinsic cues to evaluate product quality and utilize the same cues to differentiate between counterfeit and genuine products. This has far-reaching public health, economic, product authentication, and even criminal justice policy implications due to the emerging ideas of criminalizing the purchase of counterfeit goods. In order to predict the viability and the possible effects of such a policy, a thorough understanding of consumer attitudes toward counterfeits, purchase motivation, and behavior, as well as of their ability to distinguish between genuine and counterfeit goods, is imperative. Building on cue utilization theory, this article develops a framework for understanding how consumers develop and utilize heuristics for product authentication in the context of intellectual property infringements and outlines a research agenda. Additionally, it helps to inform the development of prevention and enforcement efforts, in consumer education and enforcement agent training, as well as a basis for policy decisions.     

The Development of a Preeminent Corrections Scholar

Abstract

Doris Layton MacKenzie came into the field of criminal justice and criminology in her thirties, balancing the dual tasks of motherhood and scholarship successfully. After completing her Doctoral work in Psychology at Pennsylvania State University, MacKenzie accepted her first academic position at Louisiana State University. There she began what has become the most comprehensive body of work to date on the study of boot camps. Now a full professor in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Maryland, MacKenzie continues her work in discovering what works and what doesn't work in corrections, and is a strong advocate for field research that generates real, practical applications for public safety and crime control. Building on her PhD research in psychology, Doris Layton MacKenzie has focused her career on offender behavior and what can be done to change that behavior. This article profiles the life of Doris Layton MacKenzie: her childhood years; her education; and her professional work to today, when she continues to serve as an inspiration to her students and colleagues as a scientist and human being.     

交通肇事“二次伤害”的对策研究与立法完善——损失的转移与分散

随着人们生活水平的提高和交通运输业的快速发展,人们的汽车拥有量和低驾龄驾驶人数迅速增加,每年的交通事故数量不断攀升。部分肇事者违背道德、泯灭人性,选择"二次伤害"受害人的现象屡次发生,在他们的潜意识中存在"撞残不如撞死"的错误想法。这种可怕的想法形成的原因与当前我国的交通肇事赔偿制度的不合理有关。因此,必须完善立法,除了通过侵权赔偿的途径外,还必须借助于责任保险和社会救助的途径转移和分散损害赔偿,鼓励肇事者在第一时间积极救治受害人,避免逃逸和"二次伤害"。