Decent work and indecent trade agendas: the European Union and ACP countries

The European Commission has promised to promote decent work in the African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries through pro-poor direct investment and livelihood-creating trade deals. Aligning with the discourse of the International Labour Organisation, the European Commission seeks to achieve ‘fair globalisation’ in which economic growth is translated into decent jobs. Applying a moral economy perspective, however, the article argues that there is a disjuncture between the norms espoused under the Decent Work Agenda and the tangible implications of European interventions in ACP economies. Specifically, Economic Partnership Agreements will have deleterious consequences for the lives of many poorer producers and workers in ACP countries. The provision of Aid for Trade for decent work, moreover, may not deliver meaningful decent work opportunities in ACP countries. In this analysis, the article explores the emergent normativity-outcomes gap in this sphere of European Union external relations.     

刑事诉讼法司法解释之主体评析

司法解释是法律适用的前提和基础。因此 ,应首先保障刑诉法司法解释主体的权威性和合理性 ,才能保证刑诉法的正确贯彻实施。由此 ,笔者从宪法和法理学的角度 ,对现行刑诉法司法解释主体制度逐一进行了评析 ,指出了它存在的不足之处和需要进一步善的措施     

刑法学研究进路论略

刑法学研究进路 ,是指刑法学研究的具体路径与步骤的选择。了解刑法学研究的进路 ,对于掌握刑法学术一般规律 ,建立刑法学研究模式 ,优化刑法学学术成果 ,具有积极意义。根据研究对象和研究角度的不同 ,刑法学研究可以有不同的进路。     

论证明过程中的设证推理--以南京彭宇案为例

设证推理相对于演绎推理和归纳推理而言是最具有创造性的推理,设证推理能产生新的思想,这在事实发现和法律发现过程中具有重要的意义。同时设证推理作为一种推理方法也在法院的事实认定活动中被运用,具体在判决书的说理部分有所反映。但是设证推理由于裁判者的错误判断和其本身具有的局限性容易造成不适当的使用,所以在进行事实认定活动时需要对设证推理的运用设置范围和规则,以求达到更好地追求事实真相的目的。     

论规范的构成要件要素之主观明知

规范的构成要件要素是指蕴含价值关系或评价内容的构成要件要素,对规范的构成要件要素的明知是成立故意的前提。对于规范的构成要件要素的明知实质上是对其意义的认识,应当采用＂外行的平行评价＂标准。此外,对于具有类别关系和属种关系的规范构成要件要素的认识,也应该属于规范的构成要件要素的明知组成部分。     

风险刑法理论来源之证实

雅各布斯的刑法哲学观对风险刑法是“革命式”的建构,罗克辛的客观归责理论则是对风险刑法的“渗透式”改良,而法益精神化的思想清理了物质的法益观对风险刑法的羁绊,它们为风险刑法摆脱传统刑法观的束缚,建构以普遍价值之学为根据、以社会有机论为立场、以行为不法判断机制为核心的全新刑法理论提供了理论支持。     

人工智能算法安全犯罪观及其规范刑法学展开

人工智能犯罪的实质内涵是人工智能算法安全犯罪,其保护法益是作为公共安全的人工智能"算法安全"。人工智能算法安全犯罪的规范刑法学研究应当采取贯通当下视角和将来视角的第三种视角,努力实现"算法安全犯罪"规范一体的立法论建构和解释论建构的融合,将人工智能犯罪的保护法益类型化、犯罪行为类型化、归责类型化研究作为重要学术使命,推动人工智能犯罪领域的刑法立法完善和规范刑法学理论创新。     

Examining the Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy on Approval of Aggression and Proactive Aggression

Proactive aggression (PA) is goal-directed, hostile social behavior that has been linked to detrimental outcomes. It has been theorized that adolescents who believe aggression is a normal and acceptable social response (approval of aggression) are more likely to show PA. Confidence in one’s ability to behave aggressively (self-efficacy about aggression) is understood to mediate this relationship. A mixed-gender sample of 860 Australian, 12–14 year old adolescents was used to investigate gender differences and the mediating effect of self-efficacy for aggression on the relationship between approval of aggression and PA. As hypothesized, approval of aggression, self-efficacy, and PA demonstrated significant positive relationships, with males also scoring significantly higher on these three variables than females. Furthermore, self-efficacy was found to significantly and partially mediate the relationship between approval of aggression and proactive aggression for both genders. Implications for the understanding and prevention of aggressive behavior in adolescents are discussed.     

Governing the Economic Transition: How Taiwan Transformed its Industrial System to Attain Virtuous Cycle Development

This study explores the transitional processes of Taiwan's innovation system over the past half century, evolving from being rooted in traditional industries to attaining development in a virtuous cycle of development. Our approach is inspired by the Arena of Development theory and acknowledges the system of transformation failures, in which we highlighted the types of failures that might impede economic progress and how they were overcome in the evolutionary targeting of Taiwan's industrial development. Our findings demonstrate that the success of Taiwan's economic transition is targeted on, and evolves with, a series of macrolevel policies in the early phase of development; mesolevel institutional mechanisms to attain the industrial emergence settings; and, in pursuit of the virtuous cycle of development, the microlevel collaboration platform. We attribute the success of Taiwan's industrial system to this series of systematic government interventions. This study provides novel and salient normative principles that guide transformational policymakers in governing transitional processes of innovation system.     

我国仲裁协议效力认定的新发展——评《最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国仲裁法》若干问题的解释》相关规定

《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国仲裁法〉若干问题的解释》对仲裁协议的"书面形式"、仲裁事项所包含的内容、瑕疵仲裁协议效力的认定、仲裁当事人变更或者债权债务转让时仲裁协议对权利义务继受者的效力问题、仲裁协议的独立性、仲裁协议效力争议案件的管辖及程序要求、当事人对仲裁协议效力异议的放弃、涉外仲裁协议效力审查法律适用等诸多问题作出了明确解释。该司法解释限制了仲裁协议无效的情形,规范了法院审查仲裁协议效力的程序,明确了涉外仲裁协议效力法律适用等问题,反映了我国仲裁协议效力认定的最新发展。