医患法律关系定位的规范性研究

当下理论界对于医患关系的法律定位一直存在争议,主要形成了医患关系是民事法律关系和独立的医事法律关系的两种观点。本文从法学的规范方法的角度,分析了法律关系分析法的方法论意义;提出了一般医患关系属于民事法律关系,特殊医患关系属于行政法律关系的主张。     

Automated recovery of damaged audio files using deep neural networks

In this paper, we propose two methods to recover damaged audio files using deep neural networks. The presented audio file recovery methods differ from the conventional file carving-based recovery method because the former restore lost data, which are difficult to recover with the latter method. This research suggests that recovery tasks, which are essential yet very difficult or very time consuming, can be automated with the proposed recovery methods using deep neural networks. We apply feed-forward and Long Short Term Memory neural networks for the tasks. The experimental results show that deep neural networks can distinguish speech signals from non-speech signals, and can also identify the encoding methods of the audio files at the level of bits. This leads to successful recovery of the damaged audio files, which are otherwise difficult to recover using the conventional file-carving-based methods.     

The role of beliefs about aggression in cyberbullying and animal abuse

ABSTRACT

The current study sought to examine the associations between involvement in bullying (traditional and cyber), attitudes about aggression, and animal abuse. Four hundred and thirty-nine undergraduate students (267 females and 172 males) enrolled in Introductory Psychology completed surveys assessing bullying involvement, normative beliefs about aggression, and animal abuse tendencies. Results revealed that animal abusers reported significantly higher rates of bullying (traditional and cyber) and significantly more accepting views of aggression when compared to non-abusers. A logistic regression model indicated that bullying perpetration (traditional and cyber), normative beliefs about aggression, and gender were significant predictors of animal abuse. In addition, the findings suggest that normative beliefs about aggression may serve as an underlying mechanism linking traditional bullying, cyberbullying, and animal abuse. Implications for prevention and intervention programs for aggression toward humans and animals are discussed.     

“三书制度”：纠防超期羁押的有效尝试

检察机关必须以积极作为的方式履行职责,建立一套纠防超期羁押检察监督的长效机制.吉林省辽源市人民检察院为有效规范和推进超期羁押监督工作,建立并实行了"三书"制度:《案件即将到期预告书》、《案件到期催办书》、《案件超期违法通知书》,并完善配套制度,确保"三书"制度取得实效.实践中收到了较好效果.     

陕甘宁边区高等法院档案及其学术价值

陕甘宁边区高等法院档案,内容完整、丰富,不仅包括边区整体司法运作的详细资料,还有大量有关法律制度的理论探讨资料,对这一批史料的整理、公开和研究,将会极大地丰富陕甘宁边区法制史的资料体系,深化边区法制史的研究,为今天的法制研究、法制改革及建设提供十分重要的经验和教训。     

刑事诉讼量刑程序改革问题新探

最高人民法院等五部委于2010年10月1日签发量刑程序司法解释文件,确立＂相对独立量刑程序＂,规范检察院＂量刑建议＂工作,明确未成年人案件＂社会调查报告制度＂等,具有重要意义。然而,我国刑事审判采用＂案卷笔录中心主义＂,法官难以形成当庭决断,且量刑信息调查受多种因素制约,难以保证客观公正。此外法院检察院关于具体量刑处置的争议,尚无明确的解决思路,这都影响量刑程序改革实施效果。文章通过分析量刑程序改革中可能存在的不足,挖掘其进一步变革空间,并提出改进建议,以期能为量刑程序改革有所裨益。     

由“阅卷难”引发的对“证据开示制度”的思考

本文探讨了“阅卷难”问题产生的原因，分析了由“阅卷难”问题引出的建立庭前证据开示制度存在的主要争议，并对建立完善的庭前证据开示制度提出了建议。     

规范制度主义理论评析

20世纪80年代,马奇与奥尔森关于重新发现制度重要性的思想标志着新制度主义思潮的兴起。马奇与奥尔森强调组织规范与价值对人的行为的影响,其思想也被称作"规范制度主义"。规范制度主义的理论构建主要包括规范性制度、内生性秩序、决定性价值、整合性组织与恰适性逻辑五个方面。规范制度主义有选择地吸收了旧制度主义与行为主义政治学的研究成果,在一定程度上形成了对旧制度主义的复归与超越。     

以个案谈法官的判决技巧——以爱克福得公司诉深圳市房产局案为例

最高人民法院公布的《中国行政审判案例》中的爱克福得公司诉深圳市房产局案展示了法官在案件判决方式上的技巧和智慧。它避开了本应该是争点的规范冲突适用问题,转换审理思路将免责事由的审查列为争议焦点。这个案例只是法官巧妙运用判决技巧的一个缩影,在最高人民法院公布的典型案件中大量地展示了法官的判决技巧和智慧。也正是这些回避和模糊的判断技巧为学者们的研究设置了障碍,使我们对案件有了不同观点的交锋和争鸣,同时也正是对这些技巧和智慧的把握为我国法治环境的改善和司法的进步产生着不可估量的积极作用。