环境污染诱致型群体性事件的过程——变量分析

农村环境污染诱致型群体性事件的变量包括怨恨变量、精英分子及其组织能力、理性计算三个方面。当前我国在现代化建设过程中存在着自然生态环境恶化、居民生活环境污染等问题，政府应该以科学发展观为指导，加强对农村的环境污染治理，真正构建环境良好的和谐社会。     

宪法权利与民事权利关系辨

宪法是一国法律体系中的根本法,民法是对宪法在民事领域的具体化;但宪法又是公法,与作为私法的民法有本质上的区别。与此相对应,宪法权利与民事权利在性质、内容和行使方式等方面存在差别,但宪法权利功能的变迁又使其有影响民事权利发展的可能性。人权是整体法律体系的价值基础,人权入宪为宪法权利通过其体现的人权价值影响民事权利提供了法律基础,尽管如此,两者仍是不同性质的权利,宪法权利规范不能直接用于调整私人间的民事权利义务关系。     

类胰蛋白酶与过敏性休克死亡的法医学鉴定

目的探讨类胰蛋白酶与过敏性休克的关系。方法从类胰蛋白酶的生物学特性、正常人分布、检测方法及其与过敏性休克的关系,并应用ELISA方法检测三例尸体血清类胰蛋白酶的浓度,对三例过敏性休克死亡的案例作回顾性分析。结果两例血清中类胰蛋白酶的含量分别为52ng/ml和121ng/ml(高于正常值10倍以上),另一例浓度为0.73ng/ml。结论诊断过敏性休克,类胰蛋白酶含量的检测是很有意义的,但不能单凭检测结果下结论。     

Characterization of deletions in the DYS385 flanking region and null alleles associated with AZFc microdeletions in Koreans

Eight DYS385 allele size discrepancies and six DYS448 null types were detected among 708 Korean men when results of three in-house multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) systems were compared. The systems included both ordinary and reduced size amplicons. Sequence analysis revealed deletion mutations at two sites upstream of the DYS385 core repeats and deletion of the entire DYS448 locus. At DYS385, allele size differences were one or two repeats and were dependent on the primer set used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Location of the primer target sequence in a flanking region of the STR, distal or proximal to the deletion, determined allele size. Two widely used commercial kits amplify DYS385 so as to include the mutable sites. Arrangement analysis of sequence tagged sites demonstrated that the deletion patterns at DYS448 (and DYS464) were associated with arrangements of the azoospermia factor c gene (AZFc). The DYS448 deletion appears relatively frequent in Asians.     

Development of a simple and non-destructive examination for counterfeit coins using acoustic characteristics

The true incidence of anaphylactic latex reactions and their associated morbidity and mortality remain poorly defined. It is noteworthy that a number of groups of individuals are at risk for anaphylactic reactions to latex during surgical and medical procedures; one of these groups is represented by the obstetric and gynaecologic population. A case of unrecognized first anaphylactic reaction to latex in a pregnant woman patient who underwent a caesarean section is presented. The diagnosis of latex allergy was missed and the following day the woman underwent a surgical re-exploration complicated by fatal cardiovascular arrest. At post-mortem examination, pulmonary mast cells in the bronchial walls and capillary septa were identified and a great number of degranulating mast cells with tryptase-positive material outside the cells was documented. A post-mortem latex-specific IgE test showed a high titre (14.00 U/I). Latex-induced fatal anaphylactic shock was recorded as the cause of death. This case highlights some of the practical difficulties in the initial diagnosis and subsequent investigation of fatal anaphylactic reaction during anaesthesia. Anaphylaxis is often misdiagnosed because many other pathologic conditions may present identical clinical manifestations, so anaphylactic shock must be differentiated from other causes of circulatory collapse. Although latex allergy usually has a delayed onset after the start of the surgery and most often a slow onset too, it should be always suspected if circulatory collapse and respiratory failure occur during surgery, even if the patient does not belong to a risk group; in the presence of identified risk factors for latex allergy a well-founded suspicion must be stronger, leading to an immediate discontinuation of the potential trigger.     

英国对精神打击的法律救济及其改革进展

精神打击是指自然人因精神上遭受严重打击或者持久刺激而导致的,独立于身体权、健康权等权利损害的且非一般可容忍的可辨别性损害。英国对精神打击所致损害的法律救济经历了复杂演变过程,在此过程中一系列规则得以创立。英国法律委员会对精神打击救济问题也做出了一系列的努力,最终形成了一个改革方案,但是这个方案却没有得以通过。精神打击法律救济中实际上关系到受害人权益救济和行为自由保护的冲突与协调这一侵权法中的基本矛盾。在协调二者的关系时必须通过一系列制度设计找到利益平衡的支点。探寻精神打击的法律救济条件和限制机制应该是理论研究和司法实践解决的重要问题。     

客观最大化与视觉冲击力双赢的实现机制——以法制新闻报道为视角的考察

法制新闻在上个世纪末到本世纪初的最近几年才成为新闻学的一个新的分支学科,而这种新产生体系的不完整性,导致了各种不规范现象大量存在于法制新闻的报道中,其主要的是客观最大化和视觉冲击力间的矛盾.不同媒介的不同表现形式,所表现出来的矛盾形态也有所不同,从平衡两者之间的目的出发,应该从新闻标题的制作、正文的撰写、与电视节目特有的影像制作等方面,解决法制新闻中客观最大化和视觉冲击力之间的矛盾.     

大鼠支气管哮喘模型的心肌HSP70表达研究

目的探讨支气管哮喘心肌组织的损害机制,为支气管哮喘诱发的猝死的法医学诊断提供形态学依据。方法应用HE和免疫组化技术,对大鼠支气管哮喘模型的心肌HSP70的表达规律进行研究。结果实验组的心肌HSP70阳性表达明显高于对照组(P<0.01),随着哮喘时间的延续,心肌HSP70的阳性表达逐渐增强(P<0.05),在第8周表达最强。结论实验组支气管哮喘早期心肌有损害,且随时间延续,损害增强。HSP70对支气管哮喘诱发的猝死的法医学诊断有一定的帮助。     

扫描电镜/X射线能谱仪检验电流斑规范化方法探讨

目的探讨电流斑皮肤金属化的机理、检材提取处理和扫描电镜/能谱仪检验规范化方法,对检验结果进行分析和价值判断。方法用扫描电镜/能谱检验,采用低倍大窗口覆盖损伤区域采集平均元素能谱图,并在可能的金属元素富集区域寻找球形金属颗粒。结果扫描电镜下可观察到散在的孔穴、细胞碎屑、龟裂、裂隙等特征,有些电流斑可检出金属元素,其中部分电流斑可发现球形金属颗粒。结论采用规范化的检材提取、处理和检验方法可消除随意性方法造成错检的可能。电流斑皮肤上异常含量的金属附着可支持病理检验符合电流斑表现的结论,同时也为电击导体的推断和金属元素成分比对提供依据。球形金属颗粒的发现揭示存在电弧高温的可能性极大,可强力支持病理检验符合电流斑表现的结论。     

A single mutation in the FGA locus responsible for false homozygosities and discrepancies between commercial kits in an unusual paternity test case

We report an unusual paternity test case showing multiple peculiarities. Using AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR Amplification kits, the alleged father and the two children were apparently homozygous at the FGA locus, but using the PowerPlex 16 kit the three individuals were found to be heterozygous. Drop-out was caused by a single mutation event in the presumptive binding site of the reverse primer. In addition, three inconsistencies were detected between the daughter and the alleged father among 18 STR markers. The occurrence of the rare null allele at the FGA locus and case history suggested that the true father was the brother of the alleged father. Furthermore, a single-step repeat maternal mutation was also detected at D16S539. This puzzling case was solved by using multiple analytical approaches, including the use of different primer pairs, the use of a high number of STR markers, and the characterization of the mutation causing the "null allele."