绵羊肺腺瘤病毒内蒙古株的分离与观察

以内蒙古某羊场自然感染绵羊肺腺瘤病的病肺组织 4例和 3月龄绵羊胎肺 2例作为材料 ,对胎肺细胞进行了原代培养并接种绵羊肺腺瘤病毒悬液 ,进行了绵羊肺腺瘤病毒 (JSRV)的分离 ,同时采用电镜负染色技术和超薄切片透射电镜技术对上述样品进行了观察。结果表明 ,自然感染绵羊肺腺瘤病的 4例病肺组织中都有散在的病毒粒子 ,其直径为 10 0～ 12 5nm ,接种病毒悬液的胎肺细胞从第 2代到第 9代均出现细胞病变 ,但对绵羊胎肺培养的病毒悬液电镜负染色观察未发现典型的病毒粒子 ,而超薄切片透射电镜观察发现了病毒样粒子     

Interpersonal Dependency Among Court-Ordered Domestic Violence Offenders: A Descriptive Analysis

In the effort to improve treatment programs for batterers, researchers have begun to examine the role of interpersonal dependency in the etiology and maintenance of domestic violence. Recent empirical investigations of interpersonal dependency among maritally violent men have discovered that these men exhibit increased levels of interpersonal dependency when compared to nonviolent men. This study examined the level of interpersonal dependency of 105 adult men court-ordered into a treatment program for domestic violence offenses, and 25 nonviolent men. Results indicated no significant difference in level of interpersonal dependency between the court-ordered batterers and the nonviolent men. Possible explanations for the failure of this research to replicate earlier findings were explored and discussed. These findings indicate that more research is needed before the role of interpersonal dependency in the etiology and maintenance of domestic violence can be understood.     

Private Security in Guatemala: Pathway to Its Proliferation

It has become common to explain the proliferation of private security services as causally determined by crime rates and institutional weakness. This article on the contrary argues that other explanatory factors need to be emphasised, especially for post‐war societies: institutional trajectories and political processes. The article first presents the present situation of commercial and non‐commercial private security services in Guatemala (private security companies as well as security neighbourhood committees). Against this background it reconstructs mechanisms and critical junctures through which the Guatemalan state had sourced out policing functions to the private sector during the war and traces the reinforcement of these mechanisms in post‐war society. It argues that the proliferation of private security services is an outcome of the reinforcing of an institutional pattern of public security displacement to the private sphere. The continuity of self‐defence and vigilante organisations thereby emerges as a stronger explanatory factor of the proliferation of private security services in post‐war societies than their self‐explained authorisation through high crime rates.     

五维观察:党的建设制度改革的意义与特点

党的建设制度改革是2014年中央部署的五项重点改革之一。这项改革既为其它各项改革提供动力机制,又为全面深化改革提供坚强保障,具有举足轻重的地位和作用。从五个纬度即逻辑起点、全球语境、目标定位、执政新局、改革变量等深入研究党的建设制度改革的意义与特点,对深化党的建设制度改革具有启发意义。     

The structures of uncertainty: performativity and unpredictability in economic operations

Abstract

The paper reflects on the presuppositions and consequences of the concept of performativity (understood as the involvement of the observer in the objects and projects he/she describes). The paper proposes a broader notion of performativity, one that not only concerns theory but is also extended to the entire economy, which observes itself in all of its operations. This conception has the advantage of being connected with critical approaches inside economics, which highlight the central role of uncertainty and surprise. It can explain how and why performativity turns into counter-performativity and how financial operators exploit uncertainty when orienting their behaviour, expecting and using the unpredictability of the future.     

The semiotics of religious space in Second Life®

Scholarly research on the religious dimension of Second Life® can be conducted with reference to several elements: ties between the religious dimension of Second Life and that of the “First Life” (an approach privileged by the sociology and the psychology of religion); the transcendent value inherent in the creation of an alternative reality (an approach favored by the philosophy of religion); the enunciation of a “virtual” religious dimension through the digital artifacts of Second Life (an approach promoted by aesthetics, phenomenology, and semiotics); and so forth. Adopting the point of view of cultural semiotics, the paper summarizes the results of a “virtual” ethno-semiotic participant observation conducted over six months in portions of the digital “metaverse” of Second Life where a religious dimension is predominant. The consequent analysis of digital places of worship singles out five main characteristics of their aesthetics, phenomenology, and semiotics: isolation, prototypicality, didacticism, anarchy, and parasitism.     

The Challenges to Promoting Collaboration Between Child Protection Services Workers and Court Professionals

Abstract

In juvenile dependency proceedings, the protection of children depends upon the collaboration between professionals in the child welfare and court systems. Since there is little empirical research on such collaborations, this exploratory study sought to identify factors associated with the difficulties encountered in these professional relationships through an analysis of case records. The data were extracted from 111 cases in seven Northern California counties. Using a logistic regression it was found that the short tenure of court professionals is significantly associated with the difficulties of fostering inter-professional collaboration. The implications for future practice and research are identified.     

Child Welfare and the Courts

ABSTRACT

This exploratory study focuses on the relationships between professionals working in the juvenile dependency system, including judicial officers, attorneys, social workers, and court-appointed special advocates. It includes an examination of the quality of professional relationships, factors contributing to tensions, the consequences of difficult relationships, and strategies for improving relationships. It utilizes interviews and focus groups with professionals and focus groups with clients involved in the juvenile dependency system. The major findings address: (a) the nature and quality of professional relationships, (b) the structural and operational factors contributing to tension in those relationships, (c) client perceptions of professional relationships, and (d) respondent recommendations for improving professional relationships. This study is a contribution to the small but growing literature on the complexity of the interface between public child welfare services and the court system.     

合同法的局限:一个劳动关系的视角

合同法规范合同关系的根据主要依赖于合意理论。受有限理性限制,合同法实际上是以一次性交易为典型调整对象构造其规则体系的,对具有持续性并随时发生变化的劳动合同关系则存在无法克服的调整障碍:劳动合同的成立仅仅意味着劳动关系被启动,随之发展起来的复杂样态远远溢出当初合意所能规划的范围。依合同法固有的法律行为技术进行调整,既缺乏合意根据,也缺乏足够大的规则供给体量。面对由现代企业科层组织塑造的人格从属性劳动关系,以及由此引发的劳资矛盾和冲突,如果仅依赖意思自治,而不引入国家管制和劳工集体力量的约束,是无法实现秩序和公正的。     

双镜联合序贯中药治疗肝外胆管结石术后肝郁脾虚型患者40例临床观察

目的 观察腹腔镜、术中胆道镜双镜联合序贯中药治疗肝外胆管结石术后肝郁脾虚型患者的临床疗效，为胆道术后围手术期应用中药提供依据。方法 选取安徽中医药大学第一附属医院普外科2019年1月至2021年12月住院的肝外胆管结石患者40例，将患者随机分为观察组与对照组，每组20例。对照组患者采用双镜联合的术式加常规术后西药治疗；观察组在对照组的基础上，术后加服补中益气汤联合四逆散加减。观察患者的临床疗效，中医证候分级量化积分，胆汁引流量，炎性指标：白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比、超敏C-反应蛋白、血清白三烯B4，肝功能及血清胆汁生化指标。结果 治疗后临床疗效方面，对照组和观察组总有效率分别为90.00％和95.00％，差异无统计学意义。中医证候分级量化积分方面，观察组各项积分均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。同时相比T管胆汁引流量，观察组患者术后第5 dT管胆汁引流量即开始出现明显减少，相比对照组，引流量改善具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。炎性指标方面，两组患者各项指标均得到改善，与对照组相比，观察组各项指标改善更明显（P＜0.05）。肝功能及血清胆汁生化指标方面，观察组各指标改显著善优于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论 补中益气汤联合四逆散加减对双镜联合治疗肝外胆管结石肝郁脾虚型患者临床疗效显著，有效地改善临床症状和体征，改善肝功能，减轻术后炎性反应，减少胆汁淤积，临床应用安全有效。