明代土地租佃的法律调整

明代法律对租佃关系的调整主要是依据私契关系所确立的规则 ,一方面保护地主的收租权和产业权 ,另一方面也保护佃农的耕作权。随着商品经济的发展 ,地主与佃农之间对土地与佃权的争夺加剧了 ,传统租佃关系发生了新的变化 ,而“永佃”制、“一田二主”的出现 ,正是庶民地主为主干的中国封建地主制出现解体的征兆。     

论我国劳动争议处理机制之完善

我国现行劳动争议处理机制是强制性的多轨制,这一机制尚存在诸多弊端:费时耗力,有悖于程序正义和效益的原则;缺乏对仲裁裁决的监督,仲裁程序的职能弱化;仲裁和审判之间缺乏协调,重复审理,浪费审判资源。因此,应借鉴市场经济发达国家的成功经验,完善我国劳动争议处理机制,加强工会的作用,突出调解职能,使劳动争议仲裁与民事仲裁衔接,并建立劳动公益诉讼制度。     

以素质教育为主题推进教育事业的全面发展

《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议》对科教兴国和人才强国战略作了重要部署。为了保证人才强国战略的实施,《建议》重申了坚持教育优先发展、全面实施素质教育的方针。为了贯彻这一方针,必须落实科学发展观,以素质教育为主题,着力完成“普及、发展、提高”三大任务,推进教育事业全面协调可持续发展。     

Institutional determinants of the largest seat share

The degree of predominance of the largest party in a representative assembly affects government formation and survival. The seat share of the largest party, in turn, is constrained by the interaction of assembly size and electoral district magnitude in the following way. When all S seats in an assembly are allocated in districts of magnitude M, a logical quantitative model proposes that the largest fractional share is s₁ = (MS)^−1/8. As a curve, the model is found to fit with R² = 0.509, considering data from the averages of 46 periods in 37 countries, during which the electoral rules were essentially steady. As a worldwide average, the expression s₁(MS)^1/8 = 1 holds within 1%. Deviations from this average express the impact of various country-specific political and socio-cultural factors that can be investigated once the basic institutional constraints are controlled-for. This means that the degree of largest party predominance may be engineered to hover around a desired average by adjusting assembly size, and district magnitude, while keeping country-specific factors in mind.     

The wage share and government job creation in Sweden, 1900–2016

ABSTRACT

This investigation explores the long-run relationship between the wage share in the non-construction private sector and government efforts to create jobs in public services and construction of infrastructure and houses, in Sweden in 1900 to 2016. In the present article, it is argued that the creation of employment with generous wages by the Swedish government has increased the bargaining power of workers outside of these sectors, thus raising the wage share, up to about 1980. Correspondingly, retrenchment from such policy has been detrimental for the wage share in recent decades. This argument is supported by the results of cointegration tests, estimation of long-run and short-run, speed of adjustment, coefficients, as well as by Impulse-response functions. While government consumption is often found to be an important determinant for the wage share, earlier research has neglected the full labor market effect of government job creation associated with an expansion of the welfare state. Sweden is an ideal case for studying the impact of welfare policy on the wage share, since it has been one of the most extensive welfare states and simultaneously has been one of the most egalitarian countries in the world.     

对“一国两制”提出的实际根据和理论依据的思考

"一国两制"构想不是一天形成的,也不是偶然提出的,更不是凭空想出来的.它是在党的十一届三中全会以后,邓小平同志从我国社会发展的客观需要出发提出的."一国两制"构想的提出有着充分的实际根据和可靠的理论依据,是理论与实际的紧密结合.     

“三个代表”与“三大规律”—学习十六大与胡锦涛“七一”重要讲话

"三个代表"重要思想是与马克思主义理论"一脉相承"而又与时俱进的科学体系,体现着我们党适时把握了两大历史性课题的统一及其解决的基本原则和机制,反映了我们党中央以社会主义建设规律为中心的"三大规律"的统一把握,达到了具体化、系统化的新高度,蕴涵了主体能动性与规律客观性统一的深刻内容.     

大珠三角区域的制度学习:动因、过程及前景

在经济全球化和区域化竞争不断加剧的条件下,区域的制度竞争力已经成为决定区域整体竞争力的核心要素。在"一国两制"下,粤、港、澳三地结成的大珠三角区域,共同建构学习型区域,相互进行制度的模仿、学习,进而走向制度的协调和制度的融合,这是缩小区域制度落差,提升区域整体制度竞争力的重要途径。     

简论澳门特区政府的行政改革

澳门回归 3年多来 ,特区政府在“一国两制”方针和《澳门基本法》的指引下 ,进行了一系列卓有成效的行政改革。这些改革特点鲜明、卓有成效 ,但也存在些许缺憾与不足。在未来的行政改革进程中 ,特区政府除应保持改革原有的特色外 ,需要着力于 :树立“权变的”和“可持续的”行政改革观 ;重组澳门的公共行政精神和公共行政文化 ;打造特区政府独特的国际竞争力 ;建立健全“次区域化”视野下的政府全面合作的制度安排     

影响海峡两岸关系因素的分析

“一国两制“是中国共产党解决台湾与祖国大陆统一的根本原则;台湾主要领导人所持的与“一国两制“相对立的态度是阻碍海峡两岸统一的根本原因;美国插手台湾问题则是影响两岸关系的国外原因.