论我国检察机关侦查监督机制的构建

我国司法实践中,侦查机关侵害犯罪嫌疑人权利的行为屡禁不止,其中制度性因素是侦查程序缺乏必要的监督。在我国选择检察机关进行侦查监督是宪法决定的,符合现代法治国家设立检察机关的目的,也与我国现行的组织体制配套。目前,检察机关对侦查行为的监督存在有限性、事后性与被动性的缺陷。有必要从建立以检察机关为中心的司法审查制度、构建完整的程序性制裁机制等方面,对我国检察机关侦查监督机制进行完善。     

论服务型公安机关的内涵与建设方略

服务型公安机关就是坚持以服务为本质特征的公安机关,其主要有五项内涵和四个特征。建设服务型公安机关当前应从重塑理念、界定职能、完成转型、提高绩效等方面入手。     

刑法视野下的器官移植

器官移植为人类医学救死扶伤带来了福音,但它也引发了大量刑事法律问题。各国法学界针对这些问题进行了激烈争论,相关立法也对包括买卖人体器官、强摘他人器官等器官移植犯罪进行了规制,这在一定程度上维系了各国生命伦理秩序的稳定。近年来,我国器官移植技术也获得了飞速发展,但相关立法却并未对器官移植涉及刑事责任方面的问题做出实质性规定,为此,需要在我国《刑法》中增加关于器官移植犯罪及其刑事责任方面的专门规定。     

论检察机关诉讼职能与监督职能的优化配置

近年来,我国有部分检察机关在职能配置方面做出改革,将诉讼职能与监督职能进行不同程度的分离。两职能的分离可以在一定程度上减少检察机关作为控方当事人和中立监督者之间的角色冲突,提升內外监督的适用效果。但在实践中,两职能在功能和运行上都难以分离,即使分离也会导致诉讼效率上的问题。因此,我们应正视检察机关职能配置改革中的局限性;坚持以诉讼职能为主,监督职能为辅的基本原则;在原运行模式的基础上,采取将一部分职能适度分离的优化进路;不同层级检察机关可结合各自特点,采用不同的职能配置模式。     

论瑕疵器官移植的损害赔偿责任

瑕疵器官移植所产生的损害赔偿责任问题是各国器官移植过程中都可能会遇到的一个棘手问题。学术界存在"医疗特殊责任说"与"产品责任说"两种学说。在这一问题上,应当以过错责任原则为基准,依据不同的情况分别判断瑕疵器官移植损害赔偿责任的主体。但毋庸置疑,由于人体器官移植具有不同于普通医疗行为的特殊性,在该问题上不适用也不应当适用产品责任方面的理论与规则。     

Cambodia and the United Nations - Legal Documents

ABSTRACT

This study examines the evolution of political party finance in Thailand, which has been crucial for party development. The nature of party finance cannot be examined separately from the country's democratization given that the military early on dominated political parties. At the same time, such financing traditionally depended upon either regional factions (for larger parties) or party leaders (for micro-parties), while state funding for parties was nonexistent. The 1998 and 2007 Organic Acts on Political Parties contained finance reforms to strengthen parties, making them more transparent and accountable. Yet these reforms have only been partly successful. Today party leaders, faction leaders, and the military continue to influence party finance. This study addresses the issue of party finance in Thailand by scrutinizing its historical evolution from the dawn of Thai parties and party laws in the 1950s to the present. The authors conclude, first, that the limited nature of party finance laws in the pre-1998 period legitimized military-backed parties while facilitating intra-party factionalism. Second, they contend that despite reforms in party finance laws in Thailand major flaws remain to be corrected.     

关于违法“追缴赃款赃物及退赃”的法律分析

公安机关违法追缴赃款赃物及退赃的现象源于对赃款、赃物的曲解,源于公安机关在刑事诉讼中对其职权不够清楚,另外,还源于<刑事诉讼法>本身的不足以及公安民警的一些错误的传统思维和办案习惯.杜绝公安机关执法中的违法现象,有多种积极的措施,即应努力转变观念,弥补和完善有关法律法规,严格执法等.     

Assessment of the Capacity to Express Informed Consent for Organ Donation in Patients with Schizophrenia

Abstract: In Italy, the “silent‐consent” principle of donor’s willingness regulates organ donation for postmortem transplantation, but civil incompetence excludes it. We investigated decisional capacity for organ donation for transplantation of 30 controls and 30 nonincompetent patients with schizophrenia as related to clinical symptoms, cognition, and functioning. Assessments were carried out through the Competence for Donation Assessment Scale (CDAS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Life Skills Profile (LSP), Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Rey RI, Rey RD, and Visual Search. Patients and controls differed on the CDAS Understanding and Choice Expression areas. Patients showed significant inverse bivariate correlations between CDAS Understanding and scores on total BPRS, LSP self‐care scale, and RCPM cognitive test. Our results show that decisional capacity for participating in research does not predict decisional capacity for postmortem organ donation in patients with schizophrenic or schizoaffective psychosis; hence, before judging consent for donation, patients must be provided with enhanced information to better understand this delicate issue.     

检察机关行政执法监督的新思路

当前检察机关对行政执法活动的监督,还存在法律上和制度上的欠缺。经济领域犯罪的发生,除有其主观原因外,往往滋生于生产经营环节中存在的漏洞,检察机关应通过行政执法监督,发挥检察机关为经济建设保驾护航的作用,实现监督与服务并举。     

物权法中不动产登记制度之评析

我国的物权法既保持了现行有关不动产登记制度的稳定性和连续性,又根据现实需要创设了一些适应社会需求的制度,呈现出一定的创新性。由于不动产登记牵涉到我国现有登记管理体制的改革,因此,如何使物权法关于不动产登记的规定发生实际的规制作用成了当前亟待解决的问题,制定不动产登记法是解决这一问题的正确选择。