Cambodia and the United Nations - Legal Documents

ABSTRACT

This study examines the evolution of political party finance in Thailand, which has been crucial for party development. The nature of party finance cannot be examined separately from the country's democratization given that the military early on dominated political parties. At the same time, such financing traditionally depended upon either regional factions (for larger parties) or party leaders (for micro-parties), while state funding for parties was nonexistent. The 1998 and 2007 Organic Acts on Political Parties contained finance reforms to strengthen parties, making them more transparent and accountable. Yet these reforms have only been partly successful. Today party leaders, faction leaders, and the military continue to influence party finance. This study addresses the issue of party finance in Thailand by scrutinizing its historical evolution from the dawn of Thai parties and party laws in the 1950s to the present. The authors conclude, first, that the limited nature of party finance laws in the pre-1998 period legitimized military-backed parties while facilitating intra-party factionalism. Second, they contend that despite reforms in party finance laws in Thailand major flaws remain to be corrected.     

Assessment of the Capacity to Express Informed Consent for Organ Donation in Patients with Schizophrenia

Abstract: In Italy, the “silent‐consent” principle of donor’s willingness regulates organ donation for postmortem transplantation, but civil incompetence excludes it. We investigated decisional capacity for organ donation for transplantation of 30 controls and 30 nonincompetent patients with schizophrenia as related to clinical symptoms, cognition, and functioning. Assessments were carried out through the Competence for Donation Assessment Scale (CDAS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Life Skills Profile (LSP), Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Rey RI, Rey RD, and Visual Search. Patients and controls differed on the CDAS Understanding and Choice Expression areas. Patients showed significant inverse bivariate correlations between CDAS Understanding and scores on total BPRS, LSP self‐care scale, and RCPM cognitive test. Our results show that decisional capacity for participating in research does not predict decisional capacity for postmortem organ donation in patients with schizophrenic or schizoaffective psychosis; hence, before judging consent for donation, patients must be provided with enhanced information to better understand this delicate issue.     

检察机关行政执法监督的新思路

当前检察机关对行政执法活动的监督,还存在法律上和制度上的欠缺。经济领域犯罪的发生,除有其主观原因外,往往滋生于生产经营环节中存在的漏洞,检察机关应通过行政执法监督,发挥检察机关为经济建设保驾护航的作用,实现监督与服务并举。     

物权法中不动产登记制度之评析

我国的物权法既保持了现行有关不动产登记制度的稳定性和连续性,又根据现实需要创设了一些适应社会需求的制度,呈现出一定的创新性。由于不动产登记牵涉到我国现有登记管理体制的改革,因此,如何使物权法关于不动产登记的规定发生实际的规制作用成了当前亟待解决的问题,制定不动产登记法是解决这一问题的正确选择。     

简析《物权法》不动产登记机关的赔偿责任

《物权法》规定,房地产登记机关囚登记错误,给他人造成损害的,登记机构应当承担赔偿责任。但适并没有具体说明申请程序,责任性质和对损害赔偿的责任标准。就这些问题,笔者提出了一些的意见。登记机关如果登记错误,登记的权利状态不符合申请人提交的申请材料中的所请求的状态。审查的准则包括正式审查的立法和实质性审查。对损害赔偿责任的确定应取决于赔偿责任的构成要素,包括的主要内容和行为因素,此赔偿责任的标准应适用过错责任的原则。     

论秘密监听的法律规制

在侦查实践中,秘密监听已经成为一种主要的技术侦查手段。为了在打击犯罪与保障公民隐私权等基本人权之间寻求平衡,在今后的立法中,必须从秘密监听适用的实体条件、审批程序、被监听人享有的权利等几方面对其进行必要的规制。     

论地方立法体系的科学构建

科学合理的构建地方立法体系 ,不仅能够实现地方立法的民主化、科学化 ,使地方立法体系完备科学 ,而且也能避免地方立法之间的重复、交叉、冲突 ,使地方立法和国家立法相衔接。为了保证地方立法体系的科学性 ,在构建地方立法体系的过程中 ,应根据地方立法的实际 ,遵循合法性、可行性、科学性、适应性等原则 ,并且要在长期的地方立法实践中 ,采取科学确定地方立法体系的调整范围、确定地方立法思路、制定地方立法规划等步骤与方法逐步完成。     

我国检察机关的性质分析

在检察机关的众多权力中，公诉权是最基本、最核心的权力。检察机关的性质应当由检察机关的公诉权这种核心权力，而不是由检察机关中的侦查权、抗诉权、判决执行的监督权、建议权等来决定。公诉权的本质是请求权而不是监督权，其权力本性是“诉”，即使它可能起到的某种“监督作用”，也不宜将其定性为监督权。     

对公安机关应对群体性事件的思考

群体性事件的频发严重影响了社会治安秩序,各级公安机关只有根据客观实际,采取正确的态度和正确的措施,才能正确地应对。     

根据Y小体的出现率确定脏器性别

作者用人的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、大脑、小脑制成涂片,用0.5％盐酸阿的平染色,pH5.5磷酸—枸橼酸缓冲液分化,在荧光显微镜下观察细胞核内的Y小体,计数其百分率。共观察了33具尸体的脏器,其中男性22人,女性11人。在男性脏器的细胞核中,Y小体的出现率为24％—80％,均值为48％;女性为0—8％,均值为0.76％;由此可见在两性间Y小体的分布不仅不相重迭,而且男性的下限与女性的上限相距甚远,故用本法进行脏器的性别鉴定是可行的。