美国反垄断法中界定“相关市场”的临界损失分析法

美国早期用来界定"相关市场"的方法没有限定市场弹性幅度,这个缺陷直到"假定的垄断者测试"产生后才得到弥补。1986年,美国改进了"假定的垄断者测试"操作方法,提出了临界损失分析法。虽然人们对临界损失分析法还存在不少争议,但它在美国和欧盟得到了越来越广泛的应用,相关判例得到了极大的丰富。     

Blinking Subjects; Blinking Justice? – Law,Medicine and the PVS Patient

This paper argues that in medical discourse, there is insufficient unanimity of opinion with regards to the time at which an accurate diagnosis of PVS can be made and that clearly, there is an incomplete medical knowledge of the PVS condition. The judiciary chooses neither to question medical opinion that patients can be considered to be in PVS despite a failure to satisfy the diagnostic criteria, nor medical opinion that patients in `near PVS' will never recover. It is apparent from an examination of the judgements given in PVS cases that the law does not ascribe such individuals with full human status. Such a legal position is particularly problematic in ethical terms when applied in cases involving patients who are in a `near PVS' position, and in the light of evidence that some PVS diagnoses are inaccurate. The application of the best interests test in PVS cases results in the adoption of a paternalistic, objective approach that fails to respect the former competent individuals whom PVS patients once were. If, alternatively, the substituted judgement test were to be adopted, the principle of individual autonomy would become central to the question of whether PVS patients' treatment should be withdrawn. Furthermore, the application of this test would also ensure that PVS patients continue to be viewed as `persons'.     

国产磁珠Wawasye试剂盒在法医DNA中应用

目的探讨国产磁珠Wawasye试剂盒在法医DNA检案中的应用效果。方法利用475份各类常见生物检材测试其效果,并与M48磁珠试剂盒作比较。结果国产磁珠Wawasye试剂盒与M48磁珠试剂盒在检验各类常见生物检材的结果无显著性差异。结论国产磁珠Wawasye试剂盒适用于公安机关DNA实验室。     

单亲案的亲权概率的计算及认定标准

确定单亲案的亲权概率计算方法和认定标准。用多基因座DNA分析方法和计算多基因座累积平均非父排除率计算公式。检测8个以上的DNA多态性基因座,在等位基因的遗传不违反孟德尔规律的前提下,父权概率都可达到或超过0.9990的标准;对不存在亲生关系的案例,在用本方法时,都有3个或更多的基因座的等位基因遗传违反孟德尔规律。对单亲案的亲权鉴定,检测的多态性基因座要在8个以上。在肯定亲生关系时,父权概率要达到或超过0.9990;在否定亲生关系时,必须有3个以上或更多的基因座违反孟德尔遗传规律。     

The Treatment Engagement Rating scale (TER) for forensic outpatient treatment: Description,psychometric properties,and norms

Abstract

The Treatment Engagement Rating scale (TER) is a Dutch therapist rating instrument for treatment engagement (TE) of forensic outpatients. It yields scores for nine components of TE, which are aggregated in a total score. Following an analysis of the concept of TE, the TER is described, and various psychometric analyses of data from a forensic outpatient sample are reported. The nine component scores were found to constitute a homogeneous scale with good internal consistency (α=0.93, n=328) and adequate inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.76, n=99). The validity of the TER is supported by correlations of 0.47, 0.66, and 0.91 (n=328) with measures for the motivation to engage in treatment. Applications for the TER in clinical practice and research are suggested.     

抗人Tf及抗人Hb试剂盒的比较

目的研究比较抗人Tf(转铁蛋白)和抗人Hb(血红蛋白)试剂盒的实验方法。方法采用胶体金标记单克隆抗体结合免疫层析技术,对不同稀释度的人血、动物血进行检测,并对保存时间、溶解度等影响因素进行研究。结果抗人Tf和抗人Hb试剂盒同样具有简单、快速、灵敏、稳定、特异性好的优点,但抗人Tf试剂盒能检测出陈旧及难以溶解血痕。结论抗人Tf试剂盒适用于法医物证的血痕种属检验。     

通督调神针法对轻度认知障碍患者注意网络功能的影响

目的 探讨通督调神针法对轻度认知障碍（mild cognitive impairment,MCI）患者注意网络功能的影响。方法 将60例MCI患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组接受常规针刺治疗,治疗组接受通督调神针刺疗法,疗程均为8周。治疗前后分别进行注意网络功能检查。结果 两组患者治疗后警觉效率和正确率均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.05）,两组治疗后执行控制效率和总反应时均较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）,治疗组警觉效率、执行控制效率、总反应时和正确率的治疗前后差值均显著大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 通督调神针法可一定程度恢复MCI患者的认知功能,其疗效优于常规针刺疗法。     

电针对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力及脑血流量的影响

目的：观察电针对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia，VD）模型大鼠学习记忆能力和局部服血流量（regional cerebral blood flow,rCBF )的影响。方法：用双侧颈总动脉反复缺血－再灌注结合腹腔注射硝普钠法，并配合行为学测试确定模型。术后7d电针百会、大椎、足三里（双）治疗。用跳台法评价各组大鼠不同时期的学习记忆能力，治疗后测定各组大鼠顶叶有海马rCBF。结果：VD大鼠在电针治疗后的行为学测试成绩明显提高（P＜0．01），其低下的大脑顶叶及海马rCBF水平明显改善（P＜0．01）。结论：电针对VD大鼠的学习记忆能力有显的改善作用；电针能促使机体低灌流的缺血服组织灌流水平恢复，可能有助于与学习记忆相关的传导环路的修复。     

抗人血红蛋白胶体金检测试剂条的研制

目的制备法医学检验所用的确定人血的免疫胶体金层析试剂条。方法选取抗人血红蛋白单克隆细胞株,制备其小鼠腹水,从腹水中纯化出单克隆抗体。制备胶体金并用一纯化的单克隆抗体包被,制成免疫胶体金。取玻璃纤维以免疫胶体金浸泡,烘干。在一硝酸纤维素膜上两个不同位置分别点加另一抗人血红蛋白抗体和羊抗鼠IgG。搭建试剂条并检测其灵敏度和特异性。结果制成的免疫胶体金试剂条可对稀释至20万倍的人血红蛋白溶液显示阳性,对法医学检验常见8种动物的血溶液显示阴性。结论所制备抗人血红蛋白胶体金试剂条可以应用于法医学检验。     

鸽源禽毛滴虫的体外药敏试验

利用体外培养的禽毛滴虫对8种市面上常用药物进行了体外抗禽毛滴虫药敏试验。在发育繁殖稳定的禽毛滴虫的培养管中,分别加入不同种类及其不同浓度的受试药物,37℃作用2和6 h后,计算各管活虫数;并与不加药物的培养管中的活虫数比较,计算活虫率,以此为指标评价不同药物的杀虫效果。结果表明,二甲硝唑、替硝唑具有显著的杀毛滴虫作用,制霉菌素、环丙沙星、复方磺胺甲唑仅有部分抑制作用而不能将滴虫完全杀灭,泰乐菌素、复方甘草、盐酸小檗碱杀虫作用不明显。试验结果为临床选用抗禽毛滴虫药物提供了依据。