《犯罪学》教学方法之探索

教学方法是实现教学目的不可或缺的工具.本文结合培养高素质应用型法律、警察人才的工作实际,在对传统教学方法进行反思的基础上,探讨了在《犯罪学》教学过程中交叉使用课堂讲授、比较归纳、案例分析、情景设计和现场教学等方法的科学性和有效性.     

归纳何以成为问题？

休谟提出“归纳问题”后,哲学家主要考虑如何解决这一问题。但本文不是讨论如何解决,而是追究归纳问题之所以产生的原因：归纳问题的根源在于人的存在方式本身：归纳问题的实质是一个关于时间的问题。人不能不在时间中生存,而在时间中的生存是有限的,但人在时间中的思考却指向无限。归纳问题正是有限的经验的人同无限展开的可能世界之间纠缠、紧张的产物。     

犯罪心理画像论

犯罪心理画像是在研究罪案统计资料的基础上,运用心理学原理和技术,透视案件痕迹物证中的心理痕迹和心理现场,在重建犯罪过程中分析未知案犯的形象和行为、动机、心理过程、心理特征群等,从而确定作案人范围的侦查技术。考察犯罪心理画像研究的历史与现状。心理画像的实质是心理现场的重构,其逻辑线索是一种侦查推理,是关于作案人情况的假说。其归纳式心理画像和演绎式心理画像可结合起来,用其长处,避其短处。在借鉴现场分析、心理侦查、行为证据分析、地理画像等方法的基础上,我国应建立犯罪行为人性状和特征的数据库,完善相应的指标体系,以提高心理画像技术的科学性。     

文化解读与经济犯罪的二律背反

文化承载着丰富的信息源源不断地向外输送,影响和制约着人的行为取向。文化解读与经济犯罪在特定情况下是一个二律背反,负向解读文化就有可能诱发经济犯罪,而正向解读文化则有可能抑制经济犯罪。文化的发展最终必将使经济犯罪悄然退出历史舞台。     

Capacity Building for New Parliamentarians: Survey of Orientation and Induction Programmes

This article reports original research which built on conceptual issues previously identified by the authors. A survey of national parliaments sought information on orientation and induction programmes offered to first term members and on members' perceptions of those programmes. An overview of findings is presented and significant issues identified. Most programmes provided passive development through information and a handbook rather than active skill development. Few used training processes and techniques that were based on contemporary adult learning principles. There were sharp divisions over training and development in dealing with ethical issues. The findings suggest considerable potential for the further development of programmes and for sharing information about programmes in order to assist capacity building for parliamentarians and thereby enhance the performance of parliaments and individual members.     

行政指导的法律定性及其构成要件初探

行政指导应属于非强制性行政行为。其构成要件包括行为目的、行为主体、非强制性行为方式、行为法依据以及诱导利益。     

仔猪胰腺干细胞的多向分化潜能

以分离自1日龄仔猪体内的胰腺干细胞为检测细胞,诱导其向胰腺β细胞和三胚层功能性细胞分化,以证实分离的胰腺干细胞具有多向分化潜能。采用RPMI 1640培养液添加烟碱和肝细胞生长因子诱导胰腺干细胞向β细胞分化;添加5-氮胞苷向心肌细胞诱导;用地塞米松、β-磷酸甘油和抗坏血酸盐联合向成骨细胞诱导;用不同浓度的β-巯基乙醇作用不同时间向神经细胞诱导。结果表明,分离的仔猪胰腺干细胞在向胰腺β细胞诱导后,表现出胰岛素特征性双硫腙染色阳性,不同浓度的葡萄糖刺激诱导胰腺干细胞可分泌一定量的胰岛素;向心肌细胞诱导后,表现心肌细胞的α-actin和肌糖原阳性;向成骨细胞诱导后,细胞表现成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶阳性和基质细胞钙离子茜素红染色阳性;向神经细胞诱导后,表达神经细胞的神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白、髓磷脂碱性蛋白、神经丝蛋白-200等多种表面标志。证实分离的仔猪胰腺干细胞具有向三胚层功能性细胞分化的多向分化潜能。     

反垄断法的产业诱导功能及其体现设想

反垄断法不单具有维护市场经济自由竞争秩序的功能,其产业诱导的功能也非常重大。这种产业诱导功能在未来我国反垄断法中应主要体现在立法宗旨、基本原则、垄断及其相关行为的确立、调整范围、适用除外、特定保护、外资导向和特殊制度几个方面。     

A soft-tissue calcification: differential diagnosis and pathogenesis

An autopsy of a 72-year-old white male revealed a 30.5 x 5.1 cm vertically aligned heterotopic ossification just deep to a 30.5 cm midline abdominal scar. The ossified mass was determined to be a heterotopic ossification or myostitis ossificans (MO) traumatica resulting from an abdominal surgical incision during life. While, MO traumatica is relatively common accounting for roughly 60-75% of patients with soft-tissue ossification, heterotopic ossification of abdominal incisions are relatively rare and thus infrequently reported. This article details the manifestation of this relatively large heterotopic bone and provides a comprehensive review of the literature and pathogenesis of this unusual ossification. A review of the English literature from 1920 to the present produced only a handful of articles for a total of 185 reported cases. All had bone formed within vertical incisions, usually within 1 year of surgery, and 89% were males. Knowledge of this phenomenon and the variable size at presentation is useful to both the autopsy pathologist and the anthropologist in generating a diagnosis for abnormal calcifications.