中国式现代化视域下的共同富裕：内涵、价值与路径

共同富裕是社会主义的根本原则,也是中国式现代化的重要特征。共同富裕是集合了马克思主义理论、中国传统的“天下大同”的社会理想以及中国共产党百年奋斗初心使命的思想资源形成的。中国共产党探索现代化的起点是消除贫困,经过百年探索,形成了共同富裕的概念和内涵,构建了以共同富裕为目标的现代分配体系,超越了西方以“资本逻辑”为中心的分配方式。共同富裕是动态的概念,在中国式现代化进程中不断完善和发展,并在此过程中形成了基于自身实践的现代化概念和理论框架。这一中国式现代化分配体系是以党的领导为力量保障、“以人民为中心”的价值保障、以公有制为主体的基本经济制度保障组成,开辟了一条既具有中国特色又具有世界意义的现代化道路。     

黄芩苷固体脂质纳米粒的制备及其在小鼠体内组织分布研究

目的制备黄芩苷固体脂质纳米粒(solid lipid nanoparticle,SLN),研究其在小鼠体内的组织分布并评价组织靶向性。方法采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备黄芩苷固体脂质纳米粒分散液,冷冻干燥成黄芩苷SLN冻干粉。灌胃给予黄芩苷-SLN干粉混悬液与黄芩苷混悬液,测定小鼠各组织中药物浓度,采用DAS 2.0软件拟合药物代谢动力学参数。计算靶向效率(targeting efficiency,Te)、靶向指数(targeting index,TI)和相对靶向效率(relative targeting efficiency,Rte),分析比较两种制剂在小鼠体内组织分布情况。结果小鼠灌胃黄芩苷-SLN冻干粉后,肝组织的Te最大;TI的大小顺序为脾、心、肝、脑、肾、肺,且仅脾、心的Rte为正值。结论黄芩苷-SLN肝组织分布量最大,脾组织靶向性较强,对黄芩苷临床应用具有重要意义。     

区域经济发展问题研究

产业发展和区域发展共同构成国民经济发展体系和具体内容。区域发展主要研究生产力空间分布的性质、质量、数量和结构,中国区域经济明显体现出以行政区域划分的经济格局和经济内容的非均衡性。     

对我国现阶段收入分配制度的评析与思考

收入分配制度改革是我国经济体制改革中引人注目的焦点之一。随着我国从计划经济体制向市经济体制的变迁，我国收入分配制度经历了平均主义的分配制度，按劳分配制度。按劳分配为主体、其他分配式为补充的分配制度，按生产要素分配的分配制度等几个阶段。胡锦涛主席关于建立和谐社会重要思想的出，收入分配制度改革的问题再次成为大家关注的热点话题。在此背景下，本文研究了当前我国收入分配制中存在的问题，这些问题产生的原因，提出了关于解决我国收入分配问题的建议。     

The historical variability of the age-crime relationship

Methodological problems arising in fitting nonlinear regressions to a dataset are identified in context of research on the age-crime relationship. A modified chisquare distribution is fit to the age distribution of the seven Index crimes for the years 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1977, 1982, and 1988 to assess the historical invariance of the distribution. Problematic features of Britt's (J. Quant. Criminol. 8, 175–187, 1992) analysis of the same data are highlighted.Britt states no rationale for the choice of these two functions, but his statement that his findings provide support for Greenberg's (1991) use of the Poisson gamma density to model individual offending patterns and questions Rowe and co-workers' (1990) use of the lognormal density as an appropriate model of individual violent offending suggests that this earlier work motivated his choice. Actually, this earlier work is not relevant to Britt's project. Greenberg (1991) and Roweet al. (1990) were concerned with the distribution of criminal propensities across individuals of a given age, not with the distribution of prevalence or participation rates across the ages, and changes therein over time.     

The middle class in the Czech reforms: the interplay between policies and social stratification

Following the assumption that the middle class is important in the transition from communism to a democratic market society as its leading actor and guarantor of social integration, this paper presents evidence of the benefits it has gained from economic and social reforms. As these have turned out to be rather modest, it is likely that the middle class will be more reserved in its political support for a rigorous transformation. Special attention is given to the distribution and redistribution of income in which the middle seems to have been neglected, in comparison to the lowest and upper strata which have become better off. Evidence based on official statistics is complemented by a survey of attitudes which document both the still strong endorsement of the middle class with regard to the implemented changes and a certain split between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ component of this important social category.     

试析台湾“均富型增长模式”的改变

20世纪80年代以来台湾的"均富型增长模式"发生了明显的逆转趋势,21世纪以来,贫富差距扩大进一步加快.本文首先阐述相关收入分配理论的发展演变,在此基础上,分析台湾经济增长与所得分配之间关系的发展轨迹,最后重点探讨其"均富型增长模式"发生改变的原因.     

Understanding the Structure of a Large Heroin Distribution Network: A Quantitative Analysis of Qualitative Data

An analysis is reported of 2,408 wiretap conversations gathered in the course of prosecuting a heroin dealing organization in New York City in the 1990s. The five-step analysis, which included a social network analysis of phone contacts, revealed a large, loosely structured group of 294 individuals, most of whom had very limited contacts with others in the group. The group’s active core comprised 38 individuals with extended contacts, little status differentiation and some task specialization. A smaller more tightly connected group of 22 individuals was somewhat independent of the remainder of the core and appeared to constitute a “communal business”. The existence was not confirmed of the large criminal conspiracy described by the prosecution that operated at all levels of trafficking and dealing, from wholesale distribution to street sales. Rather, it appeared that the 294 individuals comprised one segment of the heroin market in the city. However, the discrepancy could be due to the fact that the prosecution drew upon a wider set of information about the individuals concerned than provided by the wiretap data. The study supports recent analyses that see organized crimes, such as drug trafficking, as mostly the work of small groups of loosely linked entrepreneurs rather than large, highly structured criminal syndicates.

γ-羟基丁酸在急性中毒大鼠体液和组织中的检测及分布

目的建立生物检材中γ-羟基丁酸(GHB)的检测方法,研究GHB急性中毒大鼠体内GHB的分布,为GHB中毒的鉴定提供方法和评价依据。方法用GC/MS法检测生物检材中的GHB;以1000mg/kg剂量给大鼠灌胃使其染毒,分别于1h和3h处死,测定体液和组织中GHB的含量。结果测组织中内源性GHB的线性范围是1～20μg/g,R2=0.9974;测组织中外源性GHB的线性范围为100～1500μg/g,R2=0.9958。相对回收率为98%～103%。体内内源性GHB的含量均≤10μg/mL或10μg/g。尿液中GHB含量为最高,其他依次为:胃、血液、肠、肾、肺、脾、心、肝和脑。结论所建方法准确、便捷,适用于GHB中毒的鉴定;尿液是体内检测GHB的最佳检材。     

不当得利法上获利返还责任之探讨--兼评最高人民法院相关司法解释

获利返还责任是不当得利法上最具争论的问题之一.传统民法对此有两种完全不同的学说,即获利应返还说与获利不返还说.最高人民法院的有关司法解释主张对受益人获取的利润应予收缴,其主张违背了民法的本质和基本理念以及经济规律的要求,<民法通则>的有关规定也过于原则性,而不具有可操作性.