实证主义经济宪法学的基本结构——一个基于文献综述的研究

实证主义经济宪法学的研究包括了对制宪程序及其影响因素的经济研究和对宪法规则产生的经济影响的研究两个部分。前者包括:第一,静态经济研究,主要是对影响制宪程序的因素的研究,在制宪的经济背景,个体的利益衡量、偏好、价值观、意识形态,社会的风俗、习惯、社会规范和诸如利益集团、社会组织、供以参考的其他国家的宪政制度等。第二,动态经济研究,主要包括对显性宪法变迁的经济研究和对隐性宪法变迁的经济研究。后者包括研究宪法权利的经济影响和研究统治结构的经济影响。     

Parental Alienation in U.S. Courts, 1985 to 2018

Courts have been dealing with alienating behaviors in high conflict family litigation for hundreds of years. Experts in the behavioral sciences have been writing about mothers and fathers manipulating their children to disparage the other parent for more than seventy years. But in the last two decades some social scientists and legal professionals have questioned the legitimacy of parental alienation as a concept and its admissibility in child abuse and child custody litigation. This study was designed to examine the extent to which courts in the United States have found the concept of parental alienation material, probative, relevant and admissible. Thirty‐four years of cases were found with a WESTLAW query and analyzed. Cases were selected for study only if the record reflected that a judge or an independent expert found the concept of parental alienation to be of value in the litigation. Results illustrate increasing awareness of the concept and document its admissibility in every one of the United States. The numbers, sex of the alienating parent and prevalence of significant custody changes are discussed. Limitations inherent in this form of quantitative analysis are also discussed with recommendations for future research.     

Parents and Peers as Social Influences to Deter Antisocial Behavior

Growth curve analyses were used to investigate parents’ and peers’ influence on adolescents’ choice to abstain from antisocial behavior in a community-based sample of 416 early adolescents living in the Southeastern United States. Participants were primarily European American (91%) and 51% were girls. Both parents and peers were important influences on the choice to abstain from antisocial behavior. Over the four-year period adolescents relied increasingly on parents as influences and relied less on peers as influences to deter antisocial behavior. Significant gender differences emerged and suggested that female adolescents relied more on social influences than did male adolescents but that as time progressed male adolescents increased the rate at which they relied on peers. Higher family income was associated with choosing peers as a social influence at wave 1, but no other significant income associations were found. Understanding influences on adolescents’ abstinence choices is important for preventing antisocial behavior.

网络时代背景下的青少年犯罪问题研究

网络导致青少年沉迷于网络游戏、网络聊天、网络色情和网络制作;青少年网络成瘾既有外在原因,也有内部原因;青少年网络成瘾带来了许多负面影响,它导致了青少年民族传统的淡化、道德意识的弱化、人际交往的异化、抽象思维的退化,还导致青少年产生人格障碍。当务之急是趋利避害,采取加强网络监管、网德建设、信息防范、网站建设,以及净化网络参与途径等措施去预防和控制网络引发青少年犯罪的因素,去克服网络对青少年的负面影响,为青少年健康成长铺平道路。     

How Public Officials Gain Policy Influence—Lessons from Local Government in Sweden

That public officials influence public policy is generally agreed upon, but the issue of how individual officials gain this influence is less developed in the literature. Here, the stories and experiences of 10 officials, active in local environmental governing in Sweden, are used to identify, describe, and discuss key strategies for gaining policy influence. The result shows the importance of accessing key politicians; avoiding isolation within the administration; developing long-term strategies; and being skilled in communication, networking, and generating external resources. The way these officials act and think challenges some well-established theoretical notions and adds empirical insights to the democratic dilemma of bureaucratic power.     

Creating an Extrafamilial Living Environment

Abstract

As human actors, the staff members and children who inhabit a residential center do not just react to their physical and social environment. In many ways they can be said to enact or create it.     

Guidelines in Child and Youth Care Family Work

SUMMARY

There are many paths that can be taken with the families we encounter in our work. It is this richness in options that can make the child and youth care approach so powerful. However, amongst each potential path there are a number of common guideposts that serve as markers for our interactions with families. These guiding principles are described through the use of examples from a family in a program for teens who are parenting.     

试论作家苏童童年生活对作品的影响

苏童是苏州人,在苏州出生,生长到18岁才离开苏州北上北京求学,苏州对于青少年时期的苏童的影响是巨大的。大学时期就热衷于从事文学创作的苏童,在写作时就自然会将文学的触角伸向自己所熟知的青少年时期生活,因此苏童的作品中有很多故事是写南方的、写苏州的。苏州对于苏州籍的作家苏童来说影响是深远的。     

传衍 嬗变 融合——满族文化对北京文化的影响

满族作为中国五千年文化的集大成者之一,挟带着"国语旗射"文化,与农耕型的汉族京师文化在冲撞的过程中,相互调适、相互吸纳、迅速交融。基于对京师汉文化的倾慕,满族大举入关后,并未采取历代国君对待前朝宫殿或焚烧或拆毁或废弃的做法,而是将明朝故宫完整地保存下来并加以利用;但满族统治者极为重视并竭力保持和发扬满族文化,甚至把这些文化视为巩固清代统治的重要国策,因此,在北京城强制推行满族文化,使得满族文化对北京的人文民风等产生很大的影响。     

民族学专业期刊的学术资源构成及其影响力分析——以《贵州民族研究》(1995～2005)为例

本文通过对《贵州民族研究》1995~2005年载文量变化、论文选题分布、载文作者统计和论文被引用情况等作统计分析,来探讨该民族学专业期刊的学术资源构成特点及其学术影响力。