人类学田野调查的理论反思

人类学田野调查既是资料的搜集,又是典型的按照某种特定范式进行的理论生成活动。不同的田野工作会因其所遵循范式的不同而呈现出不同的特点。人类生存方式的多样性必然要求人类学调查者采用不同的方法。参与式观察法在人类学调查中具有重要的地位,但并不具有普适性。知识是经验与理性的统一,简单的经验积累并不会带给人类知识的增加,人类学知识亦然。生活意义的多样性要求人类学对此做出历史与逻辑相统一的解释。     

Researching the registered: challenges and suggestions for researchers studying sex offender populations

As interest in registered sex offenders proves to be a popular topic among community members, the media, and legislators alike, researchers must continue to examine the experiences of this offender group. Sex offender registration and community notification laws are diverse across states, creating a difficult and confusing environment for registered sex offenders post-conviction. Often, registered sex offenders report experiences with social stigmatization and physical isolation from their communities as a result of their labeled status. This leads them to be distrustful of outsiders; researchers included. This paper examines the experiences of researchers who have conducted three quantitative and qualitative research projects focused on registered sex offenders and life on the registry. In addition to highlighting the challenges in conducting this type of research, this paper provides a discussion of four specific challenges that may occur when gathering data from community sex offender samples, and several recommendations to overcome these challenges.     

从认知角度分析英语名词化现象

名词化现象在英语中无处不在。名词化是语法隐喻的主要来源。名词化过程主要是把表达“过程”的动词或说明某一事件的小句加以“物化”,从而浓缩成动词性名词。在这一过程中作为动作过程的参与者或发出者丢失了,这样所得到的名词化词组就会损失部分原有的信息,语义上可能产生歧义或模糊。但是,名词化词组却孕包和浓缩了许多信息,它可能是多个命题的组合体。名词化词组由于失去了动作的参与者或发出者,在描述事件或说明事物时它显得更为客观;因此,名词化是科技英语最重要的特征之一。     

The semiotics of religious space in Second Life®

Scholarly research on the religious dimension of Second Life® can be conducted with reference to several elements: ties between the religious dimension of Second Life and that of the “First Life” (an approach privileged by the sociology and the psychology of religion); the transcendent value inherent in the creation of an alternative reality (an approach favored by the philosophy of religion); the enunciation of a “virtual” religious dimension through the digital artifacts of Second Life (an approach promoted by aesthetics, phenomenology, and semiotics); and so forth. Adopting the point of view of cultural semiotics, the paper summarizes the results of a “virtual” ethno-semiotic participant observation conducted over six months in portions of the digital “metaverse” of Second Life where a religious dimension is predominant. The consequent analysis of digital places of worship singles out five main characteristics of their aesthetics, phenomenology, and semiotics: isolation, prototypicality, didacticism, anarchy, and parasitism.     

被害人诉讼地位的合理界定

加强对被害人的权利保护是国际上刑事司法的主要发展趋势之一。我国1996年修改《刑事诉讼法》时,把被害人规定为诉讼当事人,从刑事诉讼基本原理的角度分析,这种把被害人的诉讼地位提到当事人高度的做法存在一定的问题,并且被害人的当事人地位在司法实践中也名不副实。被害人的刑事诉讼中的科学定位应当是特殊的诉讼参与人,根据特殊的诉讼参与人的定位,被害人应当享有一定范围的程序启动权和广泛的程序参与权。     

论我国立法活动中的公众参与

＂公众参与＂的价值在于通过汇聚公众意志的方式增强项目、计划、规划或政策法律制定的民主性与科学性,以实现对公众利益的保障。文章分析了当前我国立法活动中公众参与的价值、实践情况及存在问题,并提出有针对性的改进建议。     

论“有专门知识的人”制度的完善——关于新《刑事诉讼法》第192条的思考

＂有专门知识的人＂有别于鉴定人,其诉讼职责是就鉴定人作出的鉴定意见提出意见。法律对＂有专门知识的人＂制度规定得过于原则和粗疏,缺乏具体程序,必然会给实施带来诸多困难。应当明确＂有专门知识的人＂的诉讼地位,建立健全＂有专门知识的人＂的选任、出庭质证等具体程序和制度。     

陕甘宁边区党和政府执政经验研究——以南区合作社为个案

合作社是中共动员群众的重要平台、进行经济建设的重要载体、夯实阶级基础的重要途径、体现中共局部执政能力建设的重要参照。南区合作社是其中的重要标本。对南区合作社的领导，反映出中共在领导经济建设工作中坚持审慎的原则和参与的民主，趋向有限理性的管理模式，反映出当时执政能力建设的过程性和曲折性，深具现实启发意义。     

打黑后的重庆警政与警务改革

重庆在打黑除恶后,进行了大规模的警政与警务改革,提高了工作效率,老百姓安全感增强,促进了优秀人才脱颖而出,取得了初步成效。但警政与警务改革存在的合法性问题、人事改革与组织稳定性问题值得关注和研究。