由Unilin诉燕加隆剖析欧盟专利权纠纷的法律问题

全球地板巨头Unilin在德国汉堡诉中国企业燕加隆专利侵权一案,以燕加隆的胜诉告终。案件涉及欧盟知识产权体系下诉讼管辖、专利权实体保护和侵权认定的标准以及个案中燕加隆的锁扣技术是否是对un ilin公司专利权等方面的问题。在更深的层面,这也反映出中国企业在世界贸易中面临的贸易壁垒以及恶意竞争。     

商业秘密与专利法律保护之比较

商业秘密的保护包括商业秘密的自我保护、商业秘密的法律保护.法律对专利权的保护简单明了.法律对与商业秘密有关的权益和专利权的限制是不同的.     

史学视野下的台湾知识产权法律保护

伴随经济、科技的发展，台湾地区市场经济机制逐渐趋于成熟，知识产权法律保护制度逐步建立和完善起来。台湾地区知识产权法律保护中的专利权、商标权和著作权法律保护是在原有法律制度基础上通过修改的方式逐步发展完善起来的。     

Influence of WTO decisions on international intellectual property

Legal context: The task of harmonization in the IP framework is currently atrisk. This conclusion is shown by the way EU Member States have recentlyenacted Directive 2001/29 on the harmonization of certain aspectsof copyright and related rights on the information society.Particularly, no Member State seems to have considered the interpretationof the three-step test of the Berne Convention given in 2000by the WTO panel, notwithstanding its importance. Moreover, three recent opinions of the French Cour de Cassation,the French Conseil Constitutionnel, and the German Federal Courtof Justice appear not to have endorsed the WTO's interpretationof the three-step test. This scenario confirms the impressionthat the international framework is devoid of any degree ofharmonization. Key points: Although the aims of certainty and predictability in the internationaltrading system are among its main tasks, the World Trade Organizationhas not yet tackled the plight of harmonization, preferringa political approach to smooth conflicts and disputes. Yet,the World Trade Organization has recently taken important stepsthat seem to herald a new attitude. In United States—Sections301-310 of the Trade Act of 1974, the World Trade Organizationdismissed the traditional deference towards national legislations.In addition, at international and national levels, the AlleghenyLudlum and Softwood Lumber cases aligned their interpretationsto that of the World Trade Organization.     

论遗传资源获取与来源披露对专利授权的影响

随着生物技术的迅猛发展,遗传资源的价值越来越突显出来。在我国最新修改的《专利法》中对遗传资源的保护作了规定,但是存在一些值得商榷的地方。将遗传资源获取与来源披露同专利授权联系在一起,作为专利授权的条件,在理论和实践上都有不合理之处。在我国遗传资源保护的专门立法尚未出台,国际公约和其他国家立法不够完善,且存在很大分歧的情况下,我国应该在专利法中规定将遗传资源来源披露作为专利取得的独立形式要件;将遗传资源作为生物技术研发必不可少的物质技术条件,规定遗传资源提供者与生物技术开发者之间的利益分享,使遗传资源的保护与专利制度得到最好的衔接。     

论我国知识产权海关保护制度之完善

2003年11月26日,我国通过了新的《知识产权海关保护条例》,对海关在知识产权边境保护中的职能进行了调整。该条例的颁布实施必将极大地提高海关对知识产权边境保护的效率和质量。     

中国与新加坡专利权的保护及限制之比较研究

随着中国与东盟自由贸易区的建立,中国与新加坡的经贸联系日益密切,专利权领域的合作迅猛发展.在此背景下,对中新两国专利权保护及限制的法律规定进行系统的比较研究,总括两国相关立法的异同,着重对不同之处进行析评,为中国专利权保护与限制的立法完善提供有价值的建议,也为中新两国专利法的协调提供有益的启示.     

美国专利交易趋向展望——从专利投机到专利投资信托

专利投机行为在美国专利交易中扮演着一个重要的角色,利弊各现,既有制度原因,也有经济原因。要建立高效的专利交易市场,专利投资信托不可或缺,其有引人的税金节约额、灵活的法人结构等优势,代表着未来美国专利交易的新趋向。     

The mouse that trolled: the long and tortuous history of a gene mutation patent that became an expensive impediment to Alzheimer's research

This case study presents the tale of the academic discovery of a rare mutation for early-onset Alzheimer''s disease that was patented by a sole inventor and licensed to a non-practicing entity (NPE), the Alzheimer''s Institute of America (AIA). Our aims are (1) to relate this story about patents, research tools, and impediments to medical progress, and (2) to inform ongoing debates about how patents affect research, disposition of university inventions, and the distribution of benefits from publicly funded research. We present an account of the hunt for Alzheimer''s genes, their patenting, assignment, and enforcement based on literature, litigation records and judicial decisions. While AIA''s litigation eventually failed, its suits against 18 defendants, including one university, one foundation, and three non-profit organizations were costly in court years, legal fees, and expert time. Reasons for the failure included non-disclosure of co-inventors, State laws on ownership and assignment of university inventions, and enablement. We discuss the policy implications of the litigation, questioning the value of patents in the research ecosystem and the role of NPEs (“patent trolls”) in biotechnological innovation. The case illustrates tactics that may be deployed against NPEs, including, avenues to invalidate patent claims, Authorization and Consent, legislative reforms specifically targeting NPEs, reforms in the America Invents Act, and judicial action and rules for judicial proceedings. In the highly competitive research environment of Alzheimer''s genetics in the 1990s, patents played a minor, subordinate role in spurring innovation. The case produces a mixed message about the patent system. It illustrates many mistakes in how patents were obtained, administered, and enforced, but, eventually, the legal system rectified these mistakes, albeit slowly, laboriously, and at great cost.     

论专利许可与专利转让的对抗与继受

专利权人将专利许可给被许可人实施后,再将专利权向他人转让时,应当注意保护被许可人的既得利益,即从经济的角度出发使其能够继续实施专利、维持事业的延续。专利实施权的对抗制度就是在此种条件下调整被许可人与受让人之间冲突的一项法律制度。独占实施权、普通实施权等不同的实施权基于其自身特点应该有不同的制度设计。在具有对抗效力的情况下,如何保护受到此种对抗的专利受让人的利益也应该得到重视。在特定情况下将许可合同的某些条款让其继受也是维护受让人利益的一种措施。在考虑专利许可的对抗与继受问题时,需要结合具体的合同条款来分析,以期达到三方的利益平衡。